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2MASS J15404341−5101357
Observation data; Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000
Constellation	Norma
Right ascension	15h 40m 43.537s
Declination	−51° 01′ 35.968″
Apparent magnitude (V)	15.26
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage	main-sequence star
Spectral type	M7V
Apparent magnitude (J)	8.96
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)	50.0 km/s
Proper motion (μ)	RA: +1.954 mas/yr ; Dec.: −0.330 mas/yr
Parallax (π)	187.7290 ± 0.0496 mas
Distance	17.374 ± 0.005 ly ; (5.327 ± 0.001 pc)
Absolute bolometric; magnitude (Mbol)	12.81
Details
Mass	0.090±0.010 M☉
Luminosity	0.000603 L☉
Temperature	2621±100 K
Other designations
	GJ 12259, 2MASS J154043.42-510135.7, WISEA J154045.67-510139.3, UCAC4 195-119117, Gaia DR2 5985290231327158144
Database references
SIMBAD	data
	2M1540 Location of 2M1540 in the constellation Norma;

2MASS J15404341−5101357 (abbreviated 2M1540) is a red dwarf of spectral type M7, located in Norma at approximately 17 light-years from Earth. It is the nearest known M7 dwarf.^[2]

Discovery

Its discovery was announced in 2014 by Kirkpatrick et al.^[6] and independently by Pérez Garrido et al.^[2]

Kirkpatrick and colleagues found a few thousand new high proper motion objects under the AllWISE program of study of images, taken by Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). 2M1540 was one of these high proper motion objects. They named it WISEA J154045.67-510139.3 and assigned it spectral type M6.^[6]

Pérez Garrido and colleagues were looking for high proper motion sources in the 2MASS–WISE cross-match. They named it 2MASS J154043.42-510135.7 (2M1540 for short) and classified it as an M7.0±0.5 dwarf.^[2]

Since the trigonometric distance of 2M1540 agreed with its spectrophotometric distances, computed for a single object, it was concluded that it is not an equal-mass binary.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Pérez Garrido, A.; Lodieu, N.; Béjar, V. J. S.; Ruiz, M. T.; Gauza, B.; Rebolo, R.; Zapatero Osorio, M. R. (2014). "2MASS J154043.42-510135.7: a new addition to the 5 pc population". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 567: A6. arXiv:1405.5439. Bibcode:2014A&A...567A...6P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423615. S2CID 118704532.
^ ^a ^b Henry, Todd J.; Jao, Wei-Chun; Winters, Jennifer G.; Dieterich, Sergio B.; Finch, Charlie T.; Ianna, Philip A.; Riedel, Adric R.; Silverstein, Michele L.; Subasavage, John P.; Vrijmoet, Eliot Halley (2018), "The Solar Neighborhood XLIV: RECONS Discoveries within 10 parsecs", The Astronomical Journal, 155 (6): 265, arXiv:1804.07377, Bibcode:2018AJ....155..265H, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aac262, S2CID 53983430
^ Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
^ Golovin, Alex; Reffert, Sabine; Just, Andreas; Jordan, Stefan; Vani, Akash; Jahreiß, Hartmut (November 2022). "The Fifth Catalogue of Nearby Stars (CNS5)". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 670: A19. arXiv:2211.01449. Bibcode:2023A&A...670A..19G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244250. S2CID 253264922. Catalogue can be accessed here.
^ ^a ^b Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Schneider, Adam; Fajardo-Acosta, Sergio; Gelino, Christopher R.; Mace, Gregory N.; Wright, Edward L.; Logsdon, Sarah E.; McLean, Ian S.; Cushing, Michael C.; Skrutskie, Michael F.; Eisenhardt, Peter R.; Stern, Daniel; Baloković, Mislav; Burgasser, Adam J.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Lansbury, George B.; Rich, J. A.; Skrzypek, Nathalie; Fowler, John W.; Cutri, Roc M.; Masci, Frank J.; Conrow, Tim; Grillmair, Carl J.; McCallon, Howard L.; Beichman, Charles A.; Marsh, Kenneth A. (2014). "The AllWISE Motion Survey and the Quest for Cold Subdwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal. 783 (2): 122. arXiv:1402.0661. Bibcode:2014ApJ...783..122K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/783/2/122. S2CID 30949660.