The champions were Ruch Chorzów, who won their 13th Polish title.
Competition modus
The season started on 27 July 1978 and concluded on 10 June 1979 (autumn-spring league). The season was played as a round-robin tournament. The team at the top of the standings won the league title. A total of 16 teams participated, 14 of which competed in the league during the 1977–78 season, while the remaining two were promoted from the 1977–78 II liga. Each team played a total of 30 matches, half at home and half away, two games against each other team. Teams received two points for a win and one point for a draw.