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1922 Women's Olympiad
Host city	Monte Carlo
Country	Monaco
Dates	15–23 April 1922
	← 1921 1923 →

The 1922 Women's Olympiad (Jeux Athlétiques Internationaux Féminins and Jeux Olympiques Féminins) was the second^[1] international women's sports event, a 7-day multi-sport event organised by Alice Milliat and held on 15^[2]^[3]– April 23^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7] 1922^[8]^[9] in Monte Carlo^[10] at the International Sporting Club of Monaco. The tournament was formally called "Deuxiéme Meeting International d'Éducation Physique Féminine". It was also the second of three Women's Olympiads or "Monte Carlo Games"^[11] held annually at the venue in Monaco,^[12]^[13] and the second^[14] forerunner of the quadrennial Women's World Games, organised in 1922–34 by the International Women's Sports Federation founded by Milliat in late 1921.

Events

The games were organized^[7] as the previous 1921 Women's Olympiad by Fédération des Sociétés Féminines Sportives de France (FSFSF)^[10] under Alice Milliat^[8] and Camille Blanc,^[2] director^[13] of the "International Sporting Club de Monaco" as a response to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) decision not to include women's events in the 1924 Olympic Games.

The games were attended by 300^[6]^[7]^[9] participants^[8]^[14]^[1] from 7 nations:^[13]^[2] Belgium, Czechoslovakia, France, Italy, Norway (mentioned by several sources, however no Norwegian athletes appear in the result lists^[4]^[3]), Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The tournament was a huge promotion for women's sports.

Team	Nation	Participants
1	Belgium	?
2	Czechoslovakia	?
3	France	?
4	Italy	?
5	Norway	?
6	Switzerland	?
7	United Kingdom	?

The athletes competed^[4]^[3]^[5] in 11^[9] events:^[12] running (60 metres, 250 metres, 800 metres, 4 x 75 metres relay, 4 x 175 metres relay and hurdling 65 metres), high jump, long jump, javelin, shot put and Athletics pentathlon. The tournament also held exhibition events^[2] in basketball, cycling, gymnastics and rhythmic gymnastics.

The pentathlon event was the first^[15] recorded Women's pentathlon, the 5 events were 60 metres, 300 metres, high jump, javelin, and shot put (the throwing events were two-hand^[15]). Regular women's pentathlon was introduced at the 1934 Women's World Games in London

During the games there were also events held in water sports^[4]^[3] (among the first for women outside the Olympic Games) with swimming events,^[12] where teams from the Netherlands and Sweden also participated. Events were^[13]^[2] swimming 100 metres, 200 metres and 400 metres, relays and water polo.

The tournament was held partly at the "Stade Nautique du Port" at the Monaco harbour^[12] and partly at the "Tir aux Pigeons"^[14]^[13] in the gardens Les jardins du Casino of the Monte Carlo Casino.^[8]^[11]^[1]

Results

Athletics

Almost all gold medals^[9]^[4] went to athletes^[13]^[3] from France and the United Kingdom, medalists^[14]^[6] for each event:^[13]^[2]^[5]

Event	Gold		Silver		Bronze
60-metre	Nora Callebout United Kingdom	8,2 sec	Mary Lines United Kingdom	?	Bozena Srámková Czechoslovakia	?
250-metre	Mary Lines United Kingdom	39,0 sec	Nelly Hicks United Kingdom		Alice Beuns France
800-metre	Suzanne Porte France	2.37,6	Marcelle Neveu France		Madeleine Dupont France
4 x 75 m relay	Team FFFGS France France Alice Gonnet Lucie Prost Paulette de Croze Alice Beuns	51,8 sec	Team England United Kingdom United Kingdom Mary Lines Ivy Lowman Daisy Wright Nora Callebout		Team FSFSF France France Germaine Delapierre Cécile Maugars Yvonne de Wynne Andrée Patureau
4 x 175 m relay	Team England United Kingdom United Kingdom Nora Callebout Ivy Lowman Mary Lines Hornovsky		Team FFFGS France France Geneviève Laloz Alice Gonnet Paulette de Croze Alice Beuns		Team FSFSF France France Cécile Maugars Germaine Darreau Thérèse Brulé Thérèse Renaut
Hurdles	Daisy Wright United Kingdom	11,4 sec	Hilda Hatt United Kingdom		Alice Beuns France
High jump	Madeleine Bracquemond France shared Gold	1,37 m	Hilda Hatt United Kingdom shared Gold	1,37 m	shared Frédérique Kussel France Alice De Pauw Belgium Ivy Lowman United Kingdom	1,35 m
Long jump	Mary Lines United Kingdom	4,66 m	Elise van Truyen Belgium	4,52 m	Marie Jirásková Czechoslovakia	4,47 m
Javelin, two-handed^[nb]	Francesca Pianzola Switzerland	39,77 m	Florence Birchenough United Kingdom	38,71 m	Britte France	35,85 m
Shot put, two-handed^[nb] 3,628 kg	Violette Morris France	17,77 m	Miloslava Havlickova Czechoslovakia	14,95 m	Florence Hurren United Kingdom	14,81 m
Pentathlon	Ivy Lowman United Kingdom		Hilda Hatt United Kingdom		Geneviève Laloz France

^nb Each athlete in the shot put and javelin throw events threw using their right hand, then their left. Their final mark was the total of the best mark with their right-handed throw and the best mark with their left-handed throw.

Daisy Wright and Hilda Hatt also competed in hurdles, previous winner in hurdles Germaine Delapierre participated in the high jump event.

The basketboll tournament was won by Team Haguenau after a win in the final against Team England with 9–8.

Aquatics

The swimming events were held April 20–23, participants from Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden and United Kingdom competed in 10^[4]^[3] events. During the competitions^[13]^[2] Sweden secured 4 victories, the Netherlands 3 victories, France won 2 events and United Kingdom won 1 event.

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze
100-metre freestyle, int	Aina Berg Sweden	Carin Nilsson Sweden	Germaine van Dievoet Belgium
100-metre freestyle, regional	Mariette Protin France	Bienna Pélégry France	A Veglio France
100-metre backstroke, int	Truus Klapwijk Netherlands	D Hart United Kingdom	Alice Harflinger France
200-metre breaststroke, int	D Hart United Kingdom	Elisa van den Bogaert Belgium	Hjördis Töpel Sweden
400-metre freestyle, int	Carin Nilsson Sweden	Ernestine Lebrun France	D Roux United Kingdom
4 x 50 m relay	France Alice Harflinger Alice Stoffel Ernestine Lebrun Mariette Protin	Netherlands Truus Klapwijk I Brandt A Trejters M Borsennez	Belgium De Coniak Elisa van den Bogaert Germaine van Dievoet J Weiters
4 × 200 m relay	Sweden Margit Bratt Hjördis Töpel Carin Nilsson Aina Berg	Netherlands	United Kingdom
High diving springboard, 3 m	Truus Klapwijk Netherlands	Eva Olliwier Sweden	Henriette Delbort France
High diving platform, 10 m	Eva Olliwier Sweden	Hjördis Töpel Sweden	Cecily O'Bryen United Kingdom

The water polo tournament was won by Team Netherlands after a win in the final against Team England with 6–0.

Legacy

A special commemorative medal was issued for the participants.^[16]

Later in 1922 the first Women's World Games were held in Paris, the 1923 Women's Olympiad were held at the same Monaco venue.^[11]^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Ghislaine Quintillan: Alice Milliat and the Women’s Games, Olympic Review 2000, page 27 (LA84 Foundation), Retrieved January 4, 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Bernett, Hajo: Die ersten olympischen Wettbewerbe im internationalen Frauensport (in German) Sozial- und Zeitgeschichte des Sports, Heft 2/1988, page 66-86 (ISSN 0931-7031), Retrieved January 4, 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Les Jeux Athlétiques Féminins de Monte Carlo" (in French). L'Éclaireur de Nice, April 14, 1922, page 1 (also15-23 April). Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Les Jeux Athlétiques Féminins de Monte Carlo" (in French). Le Petit Niçois, April 15, 1922, page 2 (also April 16–23). Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Jeux Mondiaux Féminins" (PDF) (in French). Commission Documentation et Histoire, cdm.athle.com, chapter 7, page 3-6. Retrieved February 25, 2017.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ ^a ^b ^c Chronique de l'athlétisme féminin Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (in French) NordNet.fr, Retrieved January 4, 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c Generell News IAAF Athletics, November 23, 2008, Retrieved January 4, 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Circul`Info N°109 (in French) page 3, Mission Locale (Paroles de jeunes), Retrieved January 4, 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Alice Milliat Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (in French) NordNet.fr, Retrieved January 4, 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c Gertrud Pfister: Frauen und Olympische Spiele Archived February 2, 2017, at the Wayback Machine (in German) 2000, Deutsche Olympische Sportbund (DOSB), Retrieved January 4, 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c Women in Athletics – from 1900 – 1950 Archived February 1, 2017, at the Wayback Machine Literature of Track and Field Athletics (ATHLOS), Retrieved January 4, 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d The Women's Olympic Games Comité Olympique Monégasque, Retrieved January 4, 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Échos & Nouvelles (in French) Journal de Monaco April 25, 1922, page 1, Retrieved January 4, 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Sylvain Charlet: Rétrospective de l'athlétisme féminin (in French) page 2, Association des Entraineurs d'Ile de France d'athlétisme (AEIFA), Retrieved January 4, 2017
^ ^a ^b Matthews, Peter (2012). "Pentathlon". Historical Dictionary of Track and Field. Scarecrow Press. pp. 164–5. ISBN 9780810867819. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
^ Medailles Sports L'Association Numismatique de Monaco, Retrieved January 4, 2017

External links

[I-1] Ghislaine Quintillan: Alice Milliat and the Women’s Games, Olympic Review 2000, page 27 (LA84 Foundation), Retrieved January 4, 2017

[X-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Bernett, Hajo: Die ersten olympischen Wettbewerbe im internationalen Frauensport (in German) Sozial- und Zeitgeschichte des Sports, Heft 2/1988, page 66-86 (ISSN 0931-7031), Retrieved January 4, 2017

[L'Éclaireur-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Les Jeux Athlétiques Féminins de Monte Carlo" (in French). L'Éclaireur de Nice, April 14, 1922, page 1 (also15-23 April). Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2017.

[Le_Petit-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Les Jeux Athlétiques Féminins de Monte Carlo" (in French). Le Petit Niçois, April 15, 1922, page 2 (also April 16–23). Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2017.

[CDH-5] "Jeux Mondiaux Féminins" (PDF) (in French). Commission Documentation et Histoire, cdm.athle.com, chapter 7, page 3-6. Retrieved February 25, 2017.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

[A-6] Chronique de l'athlétisme féminin Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (in French) NordNet.fr, Retrieved January 4, 2017

[G-7] Generell News IAAF Athletics, November 23, 2008, Retrieved January 4, 2017

[B-8] Circul`Info N°109 (in French) page 3, Mission Locale (Paroles de jeunes), Retrieved January 4, 2017

[C-9] Alice Milliat Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (in French) NordNet.fr, Retrieved January 4, 2017

[J-10] Gertrud Pfister: Frauen und Olympische Spiele Archived February 2, 2017, at the Wayback Machine (in German) 2000, Deutsche Olympische Sportbund (DOSB), Retrieved January 4, 2017

[H-11] Women in Athletics – from 1900 – 1950 Archived February 1, 2017, at the Wayback Machine Literature of Track and Field Athletics (ATHLOS), Retrieved January 4, 2017

[L-12] The Women's Olympic Games Comité Olympique Monégasque, Retrieved January 4, 2017

[M-13] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Échos & Nouvelles (in French) Journal de Monaco April 25, 1922, page 1, Retrieved January 4, 2017

[K-14] Sylvain Charlet: Rétrospective de l'athlétisme féminin (in French) page 2, Association des Entraineurs d'Ile de France d'athlétisme (AEIFA), Retrieved January 4, 2017

[Matthews2012-15] Matthews, Peter (2012). "Pentathlon". Historical Dictionary of Track and Field. Scarecrow Press. pp. 164–5. ISBN 9780810867819. Retrieved January 4, 2017.

[Z-16] Medailles Sports L'Association Numismatique de Monaco, Retrieved January 4, 2017

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