Εναλλακτική θέση

Η Εναλλακτική θέση (Αγγλικά:Third position), επίσης γνωστή ως Τρίτη Θέση, είναι μια ακροδεξιά πολιτική ιδεολογία, στενώς συνδεδεμένη με τον φασισμό, αφού θεωρείται μορφή συνέχειας αυτού, που ξεκίνησε στη Δυτική Ευρώπη μετά τον Δεύτερο Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο. Αναπτύχθηκε στο πλαίσιο του ψυχρού πολέμου και έλαβε το όνομά της μέσω του ισχυρισμού ότι αντιπροσωπεύει μια τρίτη, εναλλακτική, θέση μεταξύ του καπιταλισμού του δυτικού μπλοκ και του σοσιαλισμού του ανατολικού μπλοκ. Ο όρος επίσης χρησιμοποιείται για να περιγράψει καθολικά τις μορφές του φασισμού και νεοφασισμού.

Μεταξύ της δεκαετίας του 1920 και της δεκαετίας του 1940, διάφορες φασιστικές ομάδες παρουσιάστηκαν ως μέρος ενός κινήματος που διακρίνεται τόσο από τον καπιταλισμό όσο και από τον μαρξιστικό σοσιαλισμό. Αυτή η ιδέα αναβιώνει από ακροδεξιές ομάδες μετά τον Δεύτερο Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο. Η ρητορική της "Εναλλακτικής Θέσης" αναπτύχθηκε μεταξύ της Terza Posizione στην Ιταλία και της Troisième Voie στη Γαλλία και στη δεκαετία του '80. Αυτές οι ομάδες τονίζουν την αντίθεση τόσο στον κομμουνισμό όσο και στον καπιταλισμό. Οι υποστηρικτές της πολιτικής της Τρίτης Θέσης τυπικά παρουσιάζονται ως "πέρα από την αριστερά και τη δεξιά" ενώ ταυτόχρονα συνδέουν ιδέες από κάθε άκρο του πολιτικού φάσματος, συνήθως αντιδραστικές δεξιές πολιτιστικές απόψεις και ριζοσπαστικές αριστερές οικονομικές απόψεις.

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