Raphe-Kerne

Transversalschnitt durch das Mittelhirn, c = Region mesenzephaler Raphe-Kerne

Die Raphe-Kerne oder Nuclei raphes sind eine Gruppe von Kernen nahe der Mittellinie des Hirnstamms im zentralen Nervensystem[1]. Sie liegen innerhalb der Formatio reticularis des Rautenhirns und des Mittelhirns als abgrenzbare Kerngebiete jeweils entlang der Medianlinie an der „Naht“ der beiden Hirnstammhälften, daher der Name (altgriechisch ῥαφή rhaphḗ ‚Naht‘). Neurotransmitter vieler Neuronen der Raphe-Kerne ist Serotonin.

Die Kerne sind am absteigenden System der Schmerzreduktion beteiligt. Ihre Afferenzen kommen unter anderem vom zentralen Höhlengrau, die Efferenzen gehen in viele Teile des Gehirns. Funktionell besonders bedeutsam sind die Efferenzen zum noradrenergen Locus caeruleus, der sich ebenfalls im Hirnstamm befindet, und zum Hinterhorn des Rückenmarks. Im Rückenmark enden diese auf unterschiedlicher Höhe in der Substantia gelatinosa des Hinterhorn eines Segments und können hier inhibitorische Interneurone erregen, die wiederum die Signalübertragung aus der Peripherie kommender Schmerzfasern (A-delta- und C-Typ) hemmen, und somit die Schmerzempfindung drosseln.

Kerne im Einzelnen

Die Raphekerne liegen alle nahe der Raphe des Hirnstamms. Unterschieden werden beim Menschen (TA):

  • im Markhirn (myelenzephal)
    • Nucleus raphes obscurus
    • Nucleus raphes pallidus
    • Nucleus raphes magnus
  • im Pons bzw. im Hinterhirn
    • Nucleus raphes magnus, pontin
    • Nucleus raphes pontis
    • Nucleus raphes medianus
    • Nucleus raphes posterior, pontin
  • im Mittelhirn (mesenzephal)
    • Nucleus raphes posterior bzw. dorsalis
    • Nucleus linearis inferior
    • Nucleus linearis intermedius
    • Nucleus linearis superior

Einzelnachweise

  1. Raphe-Kerne. Abgerufen am 7. September 2022.

Read other articles:

Burgruine Stauf Burgruine Stauf, Südwest-Ansicht Burgruine Stauf, Südwest-Ansicht Alternativname(n) Burg Stauff Staat Österreich Ort Haibach ob der Donau Entstehungszeit 1. Hälfte 12. Jahrhundert Burgentyp Höhenburg, Gipfellage Erhaltungszustand Ruine Bauweise Bruch- und Klaubstein Geographische Lage 48° 23′ N, 13° 56′ O48.38149444444413.936738888889531Koordinaten: 48° 22′ 53,4″ N, 13° 56′ 12,3″ O Höhenlage...

 

1411 Venetian-Ottoman treaty The Treaty of Selymbria was an agreement concluded on 3 September 1411 between the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman prince Musa Çelebi, ruler of the European portion of the Ottoman Empire (Rumelia), at Selymbria. The treaty largely repeated previous agreements between Venice and Ottoman rulers, and recognized the possessions of the Republic in Greece and Albania. Background Venice had been among the signatories of the Treaty of Gallipoli in 1403 with Süleyman ...

 

The Black Crook The Black Crook (musical)O final de The Black Crook Autoria Charles M. Barras, com música de:Thomas Baker Giuseppe Operti George Bickwell Enredo Gênero Musical Personagens Conde Wolfenstein Rodolphe (um pobre artista) Von Puffengruntz (o Conde corpulento Steward) Hertzog, surnamed the Black Crook (um alquimista terrivelmente deformado e feiticeiro) Greppo (seu criado) Wulfgar (um cafetão cigano) Bruno (seu companheiro) Casper Jan Amina (desposada por Rodolphe) Dame Barbara ...

PandahanDesaKantor desa PandahanPeta lokasi Desa PandahanNegara IndonesiaProvinsiKalimantan SelatanKabupatenTanah LautKecamatanBati-BatiKode pos70852Kode Kemendagri63.01.05.2009 Luas... km²Jumlah penduduk... jiwaKepadatan... jiwa/km² Pandahan adalah salah satu desa di Kecamatan Bati-Bati, Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia. Pranala luar (Indonesia) Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 050-145 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Adm...

 

Prosesi perayaan Santo Martinus dengan anak-anak membawa lentera kerta di Jerman barat pada tahun 1949. Hari Santo Martinus, juga dikenal sebagai Perayaan Santo Martnius, Martinstag atau Martinmas, Perayaan Santo Martinus dari Tours atau Martin le Misércordieux, adalah suatu perayaan makan-makan. Perayaan ini dilakukan pada musim gugur ketika penyemaian gandum sudah selesai. Hari perayaannya adalah tanggal 11 November. Santo Martinus sendiri dulunya merupakan seorang tentara Romawi. Dia diba...

 

Thomas JeffersonJefferson pada 1902LahirThomas Lockyer Jefferson(1856-09-10)10 September 1856New York City, Amerika SerikatMeninggal2 April 1932(1932-04-02) (umur 75)Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, Amerika SerikatKebangsaanAmerika SerikatPekerjaanPemeranTahun aktif1911–1932Suami/istriDaisy Jefferson Thomas Lockyer Jefferson (10 September 1856 – 2 April 1932) adalah seorang pemeran film dan panggung Amerika Serikat dalam kebanyakan film bisu. Ia lahir dari pasan...

Ilustrasi seorang anak kecil menggantungkan Ketupat Selamat di atas pintu sebagai ajimat tolak bala pada hari Rebo Wekasan. Rebo Wekasan atau Rebo Pungkasan adalah nama hari Rabu terakhir di bulan Sapar pada Kalender Hijriah.[1] Beberapa aktivitas dilakukan selama hari ini, antara lain tahlilan (zikir bersama), berbagi makanan baik dalam bentuk gunungan maupun selamatan, sampai salat sunah lidaf’il bala (tolak bala) bersama. Namun, di beberapa kalangan NU, salat sunah lidaf’il bal...

 

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (يناير 2022) هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. ...

 

This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (September 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) For other uses, see Siege of Maastricht (disambiguation). Siege of MaastrichtPart of the Eighty Years' WarFrederick Henry enters MaastrichtDate9 June to 22 August 1632LocationNear Maastricht (present-day th...

American educator For his grandson, the 62nd Governor of Massachusetts, see Endicott Peabody. Endicott PeabodyBorn(1857-05-31)May 31, 1857Salem, MassachusettsDiedNovember 17, 1944(1944-11-17) (aged 87)Groton, MassachusettsOther namesCottyEducationTrinity College, CambridgeSpouseFannie PeabodyChildrenMalcolm Endicott PeabodyParent(s)Samuel Endicott PeabodyMarianne Cabot LeeRelativesFrancis Peabody Jr. (brother)Marietta Peabody Tree (granddaughter)Endicott Peabody (grandson)ChurchEpis...

 

Avenida Malvinas Argentina - Bulnes RP A088   Córdoba, Argentina Recorrido de las avenidasOrientación • Oeste Av. Juan B. Justo • Este Ruta Pcial. E88[editar datos en Wikidata] La Avenida Malvinas Argentinas y Avenida Bulnes es un tramo de dos avenidas cordobesas totalmente asfaltadas, que discurren paralelamente entre sí separadas por pocos metros de distancia en el sector este de esta ciudad argentina. Las mismas tienen un recorrido de aproximadamen...

 

Religious motif in which a deity dies and is resurrected Resurrection deityThe Return of Persephone by Frederic Leighton (1891).DescriptionA dying-and-rising god is born, suffers a death-like experience, and is subsequently reborn.ProponentsJames Frazer, Carl Jung, Tryggve MettingerSubjectMythology Religion A dying-and-rising, death-rebirth, or resurrection deity is a religious motif in which a god or goddess dies and is resurrected.[1][2][3][4] Examples of god...

1803 Ottoman atlas Title Page of the Cedid Atlas (also known as Cedid Atlas Tercümesi) Cedid Atlas (Ottoman Turkish: جديد اطلس, romanized: Atlas-ı Cedid, lit. 'New Atlas') was the first modern atlas produced in the Muslim world, printed and published in 1803 in Constantinople. The atlas was created by translating and adapting maps from William Faden's General Atlas and the full title of the atlas reads as Cedid Atlas Tercümesi (meaning, literally, A Translation o...

 

2015 Japanese filmSayonaraPosterJapanese nameKanjiさようならTranscriptionsRevised HepburnSayōnara Directed byKōji FukadaScreenplay byKōji FukadaBased ona play by Oriza HirataProduced byKeisuke KonishiHiroyuki OnogawaKōji FukadaBryerly Long[1]StarringBryerly LongGeminoid FCinematographyAkiko Ashizawa[2]Edited byNaohiro UrabeKoji Fukada[1]Music byHiroyuki Onogawa[1]ProductioncompaniesPhantom FilmK&AGTokyo GarageAtomXAddixLetreKatsu-do[1]Relea...

 

Voce principale: Signoraggio. Le teorie del complotto sul signoraggio (chiamato anche più semplicemente signoraggismo) comprendono una serie di teorizzazioni che sostengono l'argomento di fondo secondo cui le attività istituzionali di emissione e di gestione della moneta ed il reddito prodotto dal signoraggio da parte delle banche centrali sarebbero svolte, in realtà, a danno dei cittadini di uno Stato, in favore di una trama di vari poteri oscuri e occulti a cui farebbe capo l'intera macc...

NJ Transit rail station PlainfieldGeneral informationLocation145 East 4th Street, Plainfield, New JerseyOwned byNJ TransitLine(s)Raritan Valley LinePlatforms2 side platformsTracks2ConnectionsNJ Transit Bus: 59, 65, 66, 113, 114, 819, 822, 986ConstructionBicycle facilitiesYes; bike racksAccessibleYesOther informationFare zone11[1]HistoryOpenedJanuary 1, 1839[2]Rebuilt1873March 1901[3]Passengers2012893 (average weekday)[4] Services Preceding station NJ ...

 

South Korean TV series or program My Rosy LifeHangul장밋빛 인생Literal meaningA Rosy LifeRevised RomanizationJangmitbit Insaeng GenreMelodramaWritten byMoon Young-namDirected byKim Jong-changStarringChoi Jin-silSon Hyun-jooLee Tae-ranCountry of originSouth KoreaOriginal languageKoreanNo. of episodes24ProductionExecutive producerLee Deok-geonProducerBae Kyung-sooProduction companyPan EntertainmentOriginal releaseNetworkKBSRelease24 August (2005-08-24) –10 November 2005...

 

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Mount Athos. Russian post office and stamps See also: Russian post offices in the Ottoman Empire ROPIT stamp for Mount Athos A Russian post office was established at Karyai in the last years of the 19th century. The post office used Russian stamps for the Levant. A series of stamps overprinted Mont-Athos was issued in 1910.[1] Greek stamp issues In accordance with the agreement concluded by the Hellenic Postal Service with t...

Species of rodent Nelson's pocket mouse Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Rodentia Family: Heteromyidae Genus: Chaetodipus Species: C. nelsoni Binomial name Chaetodipus nelsoni(Merriam, 1894) Nelson's pocket mouse (Chaetodipus nelsoni) is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae.[2] It is found in Mexico and in New Mexico and Texas in United State...

 

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Pastoureau. Michel PastoureauMichel Pastoureau en 2019.FonctionsPrésidentSociété française d'héraldique et de sigillographie2008-2017Édouard Secrétan (d)Jean-Luc ChasselDirecteur d'étudesÉcole pratique des hautes études1982-2016Laurent HablotBiographieNaissance 17 juin 1947 (76 ans)14e arrondissement de ParisNationalité françaiseFormation École nationale des chartes (diplôme d'archiviste-paléographe) (1968-1972)Faculté des lettres de Par...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!