PIP-DOPO

Strukturformel
Strukturformel von PIP-DOPO
Allgemeines
Name PIP-DOPO
Andere Namen

1,4-Bis(6-oxido-6H-dibenz[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphorin-6-yl)piperazin

Summenformel C28H24N2O4P2
Kurzbeschreibung

weißer, geruchloser Feststoff[1]

Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
CAS-Nummer 1421927-52-7
Wikidata Q105490868
Eigenschaften
Molare Masse 514,46 g·mol−1
Aggregatzustand

fest

Schmelzpunkt

320 °C[2]

Sicherheitshinweise
GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung
keine Einstufung verfügbar[3]
Soweit möglich und gebräuchlich, werden SI-Einheiten verwendet.
Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei Standardbedingungen (0 °C, 1000 hPa).

PIP-DOPO ist als Reaktionsprodukt von 9,10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthren-10-oxid (DOPO) mit Piperazin ein neuartiges Phosphonamidat, welches als hochwirksames und halogenfreies Flammschutzmittel in Polymer-Systemen Anwendung findet.

Herstellung

PIP-DOPO wird aus DOPO und Piperazin in einer Atherton-Todd-Reaktion hergestellt. Wegen der Toxizität von Tetrachlormethan finden heute andere Chlorierungsmittel wie Sulfurylchlorid oder Trichlorisocyanursäure (TCCA) Anwendung.[2]

Eigenschaften

PIP-DOPO ist ein weißer, kristalliner und geruchloser Feststoff.[1] Die Verbindung ist außerordentlich thermisch stabil. Bei der Pyrolyse der Verbindung entstehen unter anderem reaktive Radikale vom Typ PO• und HPO•, welche für die flammschützenden Eigenschaften in Kombination mit Polymeren verantwortlich sind. Zudem entsteht der inerte Stickstoff, welcher zusammen mit den Radikalen eine Synergie ausbildet und somit die hohe Flammschutzwirksamkeit erklärt.[4]

Verwendung

PIP-DOPO findet als hochwirksames Flammschutzmittel in verschiedenen Polymer-Systemen Anwendung. Neuste Untersuchungen beschreiben die Anwendung im Biokunststoff Celluloseacetat, wobei es dort ähnlich gute Flammschutzeigenschaften aufweist, wie EDA-DOPO.[5]

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b S. Gaan, M. Neisius, O. Cuchere, S. Liang, H. Mispreuve: Flame retardant polyurethanes based on novel phosphonamidate additives. In: Fire Safety Science. Band 11, 2014, S. 821–831, doi:10.3801/iafss.fss.11-821.
  2. a b N. Matthias Neisius, Manuel Lutz, Daniel Rentsch, Patrick Hemberger, Sabyasachi Gaan: Synthesis of DOPO-Based Phosphonamidates and their Thermal Properties. In: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. Band 53, Nr. 8, 2014, S. 2889–2896, doi:10.1021/ie403677k.
  3. Dieser Stoff wurde in Bezug auf seine Gefährlichkeit entweder noch nicht eingestuft oder eine verlässliche und zitierfähige Quelle hierzu wurde noch nicht gefunden.
  4. Nicoleta Levinṭa, Zina Vuluga, Mircea Teodorescu, Mihai Cosmin Corobea: Halogen-free flame retardants for application in thermoplastics based on condensation polymers. In: SN Applied Sciences. Band 1, Nr. 5, 5. April 2019, doi:10.1007/s42452-019-0431-6.
  5. Justus Koedel, Christoph Callsen, Markus Weise, Florian Puchtler, Andy Weidinger: Investigation of melamine and DOPO-derived flame retardants for the bioplastic cellulose acetate. In: Polymer Testing. Band 90, 1. Oktober 2020, S. 106702, doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106702.

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