Kudrjawy

Kudrjawy
Höhe 1124 m
Lage Sachalin, Russland
Koordinaten 45° 23′ 20″ N, 148° 50′ 17″ OKoordinaten: 45° 23′ 20″ N, 148° 50′ 17″ O
Kudrjawy (Oblast Sachalin)
Kudrjawy (Oblast Sachalin)
Typ Stratovulkan[1]
Gestein Basaltischer Andesit, Pikro-Basalt, Dazit, Rhyolith[1]
Letzte Eruption 1999[1]

Der Kudrjawy (russisch Кудрявый, japanisch 硫黄岳, Iō-dake), im Global Volcanism Program der Smithsonian Institution auch unter der Bezeichnung Moyorodake geführt, ist ein Schichtvulkan (Stratovulkan) auf der Kurileninsel Iturup, die am pazifischen Feuergürtel liegt. Er gehört zum Medweschja-Vulkankomplex, der sich am Nordende von Iturup befindet. Der Vulkan gilt weltweit aufgrund seiner stark Rhenium- und Indiumhaltigen Fumarolen als einzigartig.

Geologie

Reliefkarte der Medweschje Caldera und des Kudrjawy

Der gesamte Vulkankomplex Moyorodake (auch Medvezhia) befindet sich am nordöstlichen Ende der Insel Iturup und bildete sich während des Pleistozäns. Er besteht aus zwei sich überlappenden Calderen mit den Durchmessern 14 × 18 und 1 × 12 km. Der Boden der Caldera besteht aus mehreren Lavadomen, Aschekegeln und den zugehörigen Lavafeldern sowie einem kleinen See. Entlang einer Ost-West-Linie auf der östlichen Seite des Komplexes entwickelten sich mit Kudrjawy, Medweschje (auch Medveschje), Srednij und Tukap vier kleine, eng benachbarte Stratovulkane.

Der Vulkankegel des Kudrjawy liegt innerhalb des Kraters vom Medweschje. Am Fuß des Vulkans befinden sich warme Quellen und Seen mit einer durchschnittlichen Temperatur zwischen 35 und 38 °C.[2]

Das Alter des zurzeit 1.124 m (Stand 2017) hohen Vulkans ist unbekannt. Der früheste bekannte Ausbruch, bestimmt durch die Tephrochronologie, fand jedoch vermutlich etwa 50 v. Chr. (BCE) statt.[1]

Kudrjawy als Typlokalität

Rheniit vom Kudrjawy

Kudrjawy gilt als Typlokalität für die Minerale Abramovit (Pb2SnInBiS7), Cadmoindit (CdIn2S4), Kudriavit ((Cd,Pb)Bi2S4), Rheniit (ReS2) und Znamenskyit (Pb4In2Bi4S13).[3][4]

Literatur

  • Kyrill Shmulovich: Mineralbildung an Fumarolen: Die Vulkane Tolbachik und Kudriavy im Fernen Osten Rußlands. In: Lapis Mineralienmagazin. Jahrgang 25, Band 1. Weise, 2000, ISSN 0176-1285, S. 16–20.
  • Vladimir S. Znamenskii, Anton I. Ykushev: Vom Vulkan Kudriavy, Kurilen: Das erste Rhenium-Mineral. In: Lapis Mineralienmagazin. Jahrgang 25, Band 1. Weise, 2000, ISSN 0176-1285, S. 21–24.
Commons: Kudriavy – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b c d Moyorodake (Medvezhia) im Global Volcanism Program der Smithsonian Institution
  2. Vladimir S. Znamenskii, Anton I. Ykushev: Vom Vulkan Kudriavy, Kurilen: Das erste Rhenium-Mineral. In: Lapis Mineralienmagazin. Jahrgang 25, Band 1. Weise, 2000, ISSN 0176-1285, S. 24.
  3. Mineralienatlas: Typlokalität Kudriavy-Vulkan, Iturup, Kurilen, Oblast Sachalin, Föderationskreis Ferner Osten, Russland
  4. Mindat – Kudriavy volcano (Kudryavyi), Iturup Island, Kuril Islands (Kurile Islands), Sakhalinskaya Oblast', Far-Eastern Region, Russia (englisch)

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