Integrin β-2

Integrin beta-2
Integrin beta-2
nach PDB 1L3Y
Andere Namen

Cell surface adhesion glycoproteins LFA-1/CR3/p150,95 subunit beta, Complement receptor C3 subunit beta, CD18

Vorhandene Strukturdaten: PDB 1JX3, PDB 1YUK

Eigenschaften des menschlichen Proteins
Masse/Länge Primärstruktur 769 Aminosäuren, 84.782 Da
Bezeichner
Externe IDs

Integrin β-2 (synonym CD18) ist ein Oberflächenprotein aus der Gruppe der Integrine. Integrine sind Proteine, die Kontakte zwischen Zellen sowie Kontakte einer Zelle zum Gewebeanteil zwischen den Zellen herstellen.

Eigenschaften

CD18 bindet an Integrin α-D, Integrin α-L, Integrin α-M oder Integrin α-X und bildet somit verschiedene Heterodimere. Es wird von Leukozyten gebildet. Als Heterodimer mit Integrin α-L (synonym CD11a) wird es als LFA-1 bezeichnet und bindet an ICAM 1 bis 4. Gebunden an ICAM3 leitet α-L/β-2 die Phagozytose von apoptotischen Neutrophilen durch Makrophagen ein.[1] Als Heterodimer mit Integrin α-M (synonym CD11b, zusammen Macrophage-1 antigen genannt) oder Integrin α-X (synonym CD11c) entstehen Rezeptoren für iC3b des Komplementsystems und für Fibrinogen. Bei α-M/β-2 erfolgt eine Bindung an die Peptide P1 und P2 der γ-Kette des Fibrinogens. α-M/β-2 ist weiterhin ein Rezeptor für Faktor X. Bei α-X/β-2 erfolgt eine Bindung an die Sequenz GPR in der α-Kette des Fibrinogens. α-X/β-2 ist ein Rezeptor für ICAM 3 und VCAM1. CD18 ist an der Zytotoxizität von NK-Zellen beteiligt.[2] Es ist an der Zelladhäsion und Leukodiapedese von Leukozyten[3] beteiligt.[4][5] CD18 ist glykosyliert und phosphoryliert.

Integrin β-2 bindet unter anderem an FHL2,[6] GNB2L1,[7] ICAM-1[8][9][10] und PSCD1.[11][12]

Einzelnachweise

  1. E. Kristóf, G. Zahuczky, K. Katona, Z. Doró,.. Nagy, L. Fés&uu: Novel role of ICAM3 and LFA-1 in the clearance of apoptotic neutrophils by human macrophages. In: Apoptosis. Band 18, Nummer 10, Oktober 2013, S. 1235–1251, doi:10.1007/s10495-013-0873-z, PMID 23775590.
  2. D. F. Barber, M. Faure, E. O. Long: LFA-1 contributes an early signal for NK cell cytotoxicity. In: Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). Band 173, Nummer 6, September 2004, S. 3653–3659, PMID 15356110.
  3. Vgl. M. C. Yoder und andere: Pulmonary microcirculatory kinetics of neutrophils deficient in leukocyte-adhesion promoting glykoproteins. In: J Appl Physiol. Band 69, 1990, S. 207–213.
  4. G. Ostermann, K. S. Weber, A. Zernecke, A. Schröder, C. Weber: JAM-1 is a ligand of the beta(2) integrin LFA-1 involved in transendothelial migration of leukocytes. In: Nature Immunology. Band 3, Nummer 2, Februar 2002, S. 151–158, doi:10.1038/ni755, PMID 11812992.
  5. J. Xu, X. P. Gao, R. Ramchandran, Y. Y. Zhao, S. M. Vogel, A. B. Malik: Nonmuscle myosin light-chain kinase mediates neutrophil transmigration in sepsis-induced lung inflammation by activating beta2 integrins. In: Nature Immunology. Band 9, Nummer 8, August 2008, S. 880–886, doi:10.1038/ni.1628, PMID 18587400, PMC 2553242 (freier Volltext).
  6. Wixler V, Geerts D, Laplantine E, Westhoff D, Smyth N, Aumailley M, Sonnenberg A, Paulsson M: The LIM-only protein DRAL/FHL2 binds to the cytoplasmic domain of several alpha and beta integrin chains and is recruited to adhesion complexes. In: The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275. Jahrgang, Nr. 43, Oktober 2000, S. 33669–78, doi:10.1074/jbc.M002519200, PMID 10906324.
  7. Liliental J, Chang DD: Rack1, a receptor for activated protein kinase C, interacts with integrin beta subunit. In: The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273. Jahrgang, Nr. 4, Januar 1998, S. 2379–83, doi:10.1074/jbc.273.4.2379, PMID 9442085.
  8. Kotovuori A, Pessa-Morikawa T, Kotovuori P, Nortamo P, Gahmberg CG: ICAM-2 and a peptide from its binding domain are efficient activators of leukocyte adhesion and integrin affinity. In: Journal of Immunology. 162. Jahrgang, Nr. 11, Juni 1999, S. 6613–20, PMID 10352278.
  9. Lu C, Takagi J, Springer TA: Association of the membrane proximal regions of the alpha and beta subunit cytoplasmic domains constrains an integrin in the inactive state. In: The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276. Jahrgang, Nr. 18, Mai 2001, S. 14642–8, doi:10.1074/jbc.M100600200, PMID 11279101.
  10. Huang C, Springer TA: A binding interface on the I domain of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) required for specific interaction with intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). In: The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270. Jahrgang, Nr. 32, August 1995, S. 19008–16, doi:10.1074/jbc.270.32.19008, PMID 7642561.
  11. Rietzler M, Bittner M, Kolanus W, Schuster A, Holzmann B: The human WD repeat protein WAIT-1 specifically interacts with the cytoplasmic tails of beta7-integrins. In: The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273. Jahrgang, Nr. 42, Oktober 1998, S. 27459–66, doi:10.1074/jbc.273.42.27459, PMID 9765275.
  12. Geiger C, Nagel W, Boehm T, van Kooyk Y, Figdor CG, Kremmer E, Hogg N, Zeitlmann L, Dierks H, Weber KS, Kolanus W: Cytohesin-1 regulates beta-2 integrin-mediated adhesion through both ARF-GEF function and interaction with LFA-1. In: The EMBO Journal. 19. Jahrgang, Nr. 11, Juni 2000, S. 2525–36, doi:10.1093/emboj/19.11.2525, PMID 10835351, PMC 212768 (freier Volltext).

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