Betonnung

Die Betonnung ist eines von mehreren Verfahren (neben beispielsweise Leuchtfeuern, Leuchttürmen, Feuerschiffen) die international zu Kennzeichnung von Schifffahrtswegen verwendet werden. Das International Buoyage System (deutsch etwa: Internationales Betonnungssystem) wurde seit 1973 von der International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) erarbeitet, 1976 von der Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organisation (IMCO), der Vorläuferin der heutigen International Maritime Organization (IMO), beschlossen und seit 1977 eingeführt.

Innerhalb dieses Systems werden fünf verschiedene Arten von Seezeichen unterschieden:

Betonnungssystem A und B

Seit 1977 gibt es damit weltweit nur noch zwei Betonnungssysteme, die sich lediglich durch die Farbe und Nummerierung der Lateralzeichen, nicht aber in deren Form unterscheiden:

Neue Gefahrstellen, die noch nicht in Seekarten verzeichnet oder darin amtlich berichtigt worden sind, werden durch zwei bau-identische, dicht nebeneinander liegende Zeichen aus dem Kardinalzeichen-, dem Einzelgefahrzeichen- oder dem Sonderzeichen-System gekennzeichnet.

Tonnen werden sicher auf dem Meeresgrund verankert, trotzdem kann es vorkommen, dass sie vertreiben oder verlegt oder eingeholt worden sind, so, wie auch ein Leuchtfeuer verlöschen kann. Das Verändern oder Beschädigen von Schiffahrtzeichen wird in allen Ländern nach Seerecht streng bestraft. Außerdem ist es verboten, Fahrzeuge an Seezeichen festzumachen.

Einzelnachweise

  1. International Association of Lighthouse Authorities: Maritime Buoyage System (PDF, 156 kB), S. 2, abgerufen am 9. Februar 2016

Read other articles:

Telecommunications device Phone redirects here. For the handheld personal computer, see Smartphone. For other uses, see Phone (disambiguation) and Telephone (disambiguation). An old rotary dial telephone AT&T push button telephone made by Western Electric, model 2500 DMG black, 1980 A telephone is a telecommunications device that permits two or more users to conduct a conversation when they are too far apart to be easily heard directly. A telephone converts sound, typically and most effic...

2010 single by Crystal FightersFollow / SwallowSingle by Crystal Fightersfrom the album Star of Love Released27 September 2010 (2010-09-27)GenreFolktronica, alternative danceLengthFollow: 3:16Swallow: 4:31LabelZirkuloSongwriter(s)Crystal FightersProducer(s)Crystal FightersCrystal Fighters singles chronology In The Summer (2010) Follow / Swallow (2010) At Home (2011) Follow / Swallow is the fourth single by English electronic band Crystal Fighters from their album Star of Love. ...

Содержание 1 Contax G1 2 Contax G2 3 Прекращение производства фотоаппаратов Contax 4 Сравнение с креплениями других производителей 5 Примечания 6 Литература 7 Ссылки Contax G1 и Contax G2 — автоматические малоформатные фотоаппараты со сменными объективами, выпускавшиеся японской компани...

Otoritas Penerbangan Sipil PakistanInformasi lembagaWilayah hukumPemerintah PakistanKantor pusatTerminal 1Bandar Udara Internasional JinnahKarachiPejabat eksekutifDirektur JenderalDeputi Direktur JenderalLembaga indukKementerian Pertahanan (Pakistan)Situs webhttp://www.caapakistan.com.pk/ Kantor pusat Otoritas Penerbangan Sipil Pakistan di Bandar Udara Internasional Jinnah Otoritas Penerbangan Sipil Pakistan (bahasa Urdu: مقتدرۂ شہری طیران) (CAA) adalah otoritas pengatur, y...

Aeroporto di Roma-Fiumicino“Leonardo da Vinci” Der Kontrollturm, im Vordergrund Terminalgebäude Rom-Fiumicino (Latium) Rom-Fiumicino Kenndaten ICAO-Code LIRF IATA-Code FCO Koordinaten 41° 48′ 16″ N, 12° 15′ 3″ O41.80444444444412.2508333333335Koordinaten: 41° 48′ 16″ N, 12° 15′ 3″ O Höhe über MSL 5 m  (16 ft) Verkehrsanbindung Entfernung vom Stadtzentrum 32 km südwestlich von Rom Stra

Ghil'ad Si BangsatProf. Ghil'ad Zuckermann (2011)Lahir1 Juni 1971 (umur 52)Tel Aviv, IsraelAlmamaterUniversitas Cambridge Universitas OxfordUniversitas Tel AvivSt Hugh's College OxfordUnited World College of the AdriaticDikenal atasPenerjemahan fono-semantik Revivalistik Bahasa Israeli, Revitalisasi bahasa dan gangguan mentalKarier ilmiahBidangLinguistik,[1] Revitalisasi bahasa[2]InstitusiUniversitas Adelaide[3] Universitas Jiao Tong Shanghai Weizmann Institute of...

Chuck MisslerChuck Missler pada Konferensi Perspektif Strategis 2010 di Coeur d'Alene, IdahoLahirChuck MisslerSitus webkhouse.orgCharles Chuck Missler adalah seorang penulis dan guru Kristen evangelikal, insinyur, dan bekas pengusaha asal Amerika Serikat. Ia merupakan pendiri Koinonia House ministry yang berkantor pusat di Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. Biografi Charles W. Missler menyelesaikan kuliah di U.S. Naval Academy sebelum bekerja beberapa tahun dalam bidang industri aerospace dan komputer. Ia...

パリ第8大学(ヴァンセンヌ - サン=ドニ) Université de Paris VIIIVincennes–Saint-Denis パリ第8大学 (サン=ドニ) 旧称 ヴァンセンヌ実験大学センター種別 公立設立年 1969年予算 1億1,600万ユーロ学長 アニック・アレーグル (Annick Allaigre)教員数 教員:1,000人, 職員:1,760人学生総数 22,000人所在地 フランスセーヌ=サン=ドニ県北緯48度56分41秒 東経2度21分48秒 / 北緯48.94472

GreymonChampionPenampilan perdanaDigimon Adventure Episode 2[1]PartnerTaichi KamiyaEvolusi dariAgumonBerevolusi menjadiMetalGreymonSkullGreymon Tingkatan evolusiAgumon Level In-Training Koromon Level Rookie Agumon Level Champion Greymon Level Ultimate MetalGreymonSkullGreymon Level Mega WarGreymon DigiDestined: Taichi Kamiyalbs Greymon merupakan salah satu digimon yang menjadi peran utama dalam Digimon Adventure dan Digimon Adventure 02. Greymon merupakan digimon berbentuk Ceratosauru...

1948年太平洋颱風季氣旋季總結圖氣旋季長度首個系統形成1月11日(超級颱風凱倫)末個系統消散12月16日(熱帶風暴畢維禮)最強風暴名稱超級颱風凱倫 • 最高風速240 km/h(150 mph)(1分鐘平均風速) 氣旋季統計風暴數26颱風數14超級颱風數1死亡人數不明財產損失不明 太平洋颱風季1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 太平洋颱風季 主題頁 - 專題 - 編輯指南 1948年太平洋颱風季泛指在194...

Japanese video game company Nintendo Co., Ltd.Logo used since 2016Headquarters in Kyoto, JapanTrade nameNintendoNative name任天堂株式会社Romanized nameNintendō kabushiki gaishaFormerlyNintendo Koppai (1889) Other former names Yamauchi Nintendo (1889–1933) Yamauchi Nintendo & Co. (1933–1947) Marufuku Co., Ltd. (1947–1951) Nintendo Playing Card Co. Ltd. (1951–1963) TypePublic company, KKTraded asTYO: 7974TOPIX Core30 component (7974)Nikkei 225 component (TYO)ISINJP3756600007...

American college basketball season 2007–08 BYU Cougars men's basketballMWC Regular season championsNCAA tournament, First roundConferenceMountain West ConferenceRecord27–8 (14–2 Mountain West)Head coachDave RoseHome arenaMarriott CenterSeasons← 2006–072008–09 → 2007–08 Mountain West Conference men's basketball standings vte Conf Overall Team W   L   PCT W   L   PCT BYU 14 – 2   .875 27 – 8   .771 UNLV † 12...

Open space in York, England St Helen's SquareSt Helen's Square, looking south-westLocation within YorkMaintained byCity of YorkLocationYork, England, UKCoordinates53°57′37″N 1°05′04″W / 53.96015°N 1.08448°W / 53.96015; -1.08448NorthBlake StreetStonegateEastDavygateSouthConey StreetWestLendalConstructionCompletion1745; 278 years ago (1745) St Helen's Square is an open space in the city centre of York, England. History During the Roman era, ...

Juan Martín del PotroKebangsaan ArgentinaTempat tinggalTandil, ArgentinaTinggi198 m (649 ft 7+1⁄2 in)[1]Berat83 kg (183 pon) (183 pon)Memulai pro2005Tipe pemainRight-handed; two-handed backhandTotal hadiahUS$ 6,359,875TunggalRekor (M–K)139–68 (66.8%)Gelar7Peringkat tertinggiNo. 5 (6 April 2009)Peringkat saat iniNo. 5 (23 November 2009)Hasil terbaik di Grand Slam (tunggal)Australia TerbukaQF (2009)Prancis TerbukaSF (2009)Wimbledon2R (2007, ...

American biologist (1890–1967) Hermann Joseph MullerForMemRSMuller in 1952Born(1890-12-21)December 21, 1890New York City, U.S.DiedApril 5, 1967(1967-04-05) (aged 76)Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.Alma materColumbia UniversityKnown forThe genetic effects of radiationSpousesJessie Marie Jacobs (m. 1923)Dorothea Kantorowicz (m. 1939)Children2, including David E. MullerRelativesMala Htun (granddaughter)Awards1927 Newcomb Cleveland Prize1946 Nobel Prize in Physiology or MedicineLinnea...

2020 single by Lil Uzi VertSasukeSingle by Lil Uzi VertReleasedApril 24, 2020 (2020-04-24)GenreTrapLength4:11LabelAtlanticSongwriter(s)Symere WoodsProducer(s)Brandon FinessinOuttatownLil Uzi Vert singles chronology That Way (2020) Sasuke (2020) Count a Million (2020) Audio videoSasuke on YouTube Sasuke is a song by American rapper Lil Uzi Vert. It was released on April 24, 2020 and serves as the lead single of their upcoming third studio album.[1][2][3] ...

British solicitor Lionel William Crouch in 1912. Lionel William Crouch (20 August 1886 – 21 July 1916) was a British solicitor who was killed during the First World War in the Battle of the Somme. Early life Lionel William Crouch was born on 20 August 1886 to William Crouch, a Clerk of the Peace to Buckinghamshire County Council, and Helen Marian Crouch née Sissons. He had a younger brother, Guy R. Crouch, who became a captain in the 1st Bucks Battalion of the British Army and was awarded ...

2008 American filmThe LinguistsMovie poster for The LinguistsDirected bySeth KramerDaniel A. MillerJeremy NewbergerWritten byDaniel A. MillerProduced bySeth KramerDaniel A. MillerJeremy NewbergerStarringGreg Anderson K. David HarrisonCinematographySeth KramerJeremy NewbergerEdited byAnne BarliantSeth KramerMusic byBrian HawlkProductioncompanyIronbound FilmsRelease date January 2008 (2008-01) (Sundance Film Festival) Running time64 minutes[1]CountryUnited StatesLanguageEn...

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Factor analysis – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Statistical method This article is about factor loadings. For factorial design, see Factorial experiment. Factor analysis is a stati...

Southwest Indiana redirects here. For the community in Elkhart County, see Southwest, Indiana. Region in Indiana, United StatesSouthwestern IndianaRegionEvansville skylineCounties of Southwestern IndianaCountry United StatesState IndianaLargest cityEvansvillePopulation474,251 Southwestern Indiana is an 11-county region of southern Indiana, United States located at the southernmost and westernmost part of the state. As of the 2010 census, the region's combined population is 474,251. ...