(2.2.2)Kryptand

Strukturformel
Strukturformel von [2.2.2]Kryptand
Allgemeines
Name [2.2.2]Kryptand
Andere Namen
  • 4,7,13,16,21,24-Hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosan
  • Kryptofix®222
  • Crypt-222
  • [2.2.2]Cryptand
Summenformel C18H36N2O6
Kurzbeschreibung

weißer Feststoff[1]

Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
CAS-Nummer 23978-09-8
EG-Nummer 245-962-4
ECHA-InfoCard 100.041.770
PubChem 72801
ChemSpider 65637
Wikidata Q4596986
Eigenschaften
Molare Masse 376,49 g·mol−1
Aggregatzustand

fest[1]

Schmelzpunkt

68–71 °C[1]

Sicherheitshinweise
GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung[1]
Gefahrensymbol

Achtung

H- und P-Sätze H: 315​‐​319​‐​335
P: 261​‐​305+351+338[1]
Toxikologische Daten

300–2000 mg·kg−1 (LD50Ratteoral)[1]

Soweit möglich und gebräuchlich, werden SI-Einheiten verwendet.
Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei Standardbedingungen (0 °C, 1000 hPa).

[2.2.2]Kryptand ist eine chemische Verbindung aus der Gruppe der Kryptand-Verbindungen.

Gewinnung und Darstellung

Das Derivat Dibenzo[2.2.2]Kryptand[S 1] kann durch eine mehrstufige Reaktion gewonnen werden. Dabei wird 1,2-Dibromethan und Kaliumcarbonat in Dimethylformamid zu 1,2-Bis(2-nitrophenoxy)ethan umgesetzt, das mit einem Katalysator zu einem Diamino-Derivat umgesetzt wird, das wiederum mit 3,6-Dioxaoctandioyldichlorid[S 2] zu einem Lactam reagiert. Dieses wird mit Lithiumaluminiumhydrid zu einem Aza-Kronenether reduziert und im Folgenden mit 1,2-Ethylen-O,O-diglycolsäurechlorid und Diboran zu [2.2.2]Kryptand umgesetzt.[2]

Eigenschaften

[2.2.2]Kryptand ist ein weißer Feststoff,[1] der in der Lage ist mit Metallkationen Komplexe (sogenannte Kryptate) zu bilden. Im Gegensatz zu den meisten anderen Komplexbildnern bilden die bicyclischen Aminopolyether auch mit Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallionen stabile Komplexe.[3][4]

Verwendung

[2.2.2]Kryptand wird zusammen mit Kalium zur Reduktion eines Distannin zu einem Radikalanion verwendet.[1] Es wird in der Nuklearmedizin zur Synthese spezieller Verbindungen (z. B. [18F]-Fluordesoxyglucose) eingesetzt.[5][6]

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b c d e f g h Datenblatt 2.2.2-Cryptand, 98% bei Sigma-Aldrich, abgerufen am 31. Mai 2017 (PDF).
  2. Yousry M. A. Naguib: Synthesis of a [2.2.2] Cryptand Containing Reactive Functional Groups. In: Molecules. 14, 2009, S. 3600, doi:10.3390/molecules14093600.
  3. Rolf K Freier: Band 2, Aqueous Solutions / Wässrige Lösungen - Supplements / Ergänzungen. Walter de Gruyter, 2011, ISBN 978-3-11-085236-3, S. 470 (eingeschränkte Vorschau in der Google-Buchsuche).
  4. Catherine E. Housecroft, A. G. Sharpe: Inorganic Chemistry. Pearson Education, 2005, ISBN 0-13-039913-2, S. 269 (eingeschränkte Vorschau in der Google-Buchsuche).
  5. Hans-Jürgen Biersack, Leonard M. Freeman: Clinical Nuclear Medicine. Springer Science & Business Media, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-28026-2, S. 67 (eingeschränkte Vorschau in der Google-Buchsuche).
  6. Graham L. Patrick: An Introduction to Drug Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0-19-870843-8, S. 383 (eingeschränkte Vorschau in der Google-Buchsuche).

Anmerkungen

  1. Externe Identifikatoren von bzw. Datenbank-Links zu Dibenzo[2.2.2]Kryptand: CAS-Nr.: 1030385-56-8, PubChem: 89973805, Wikidata: Q131323638.
  2. Externe Identifikatoren von bzw. Datenbank-Links zu 3,6-Dioxaoctandioyldichlorid: CAS-Nr.: 31255-09-1, PubChem: 11106745, ChemSpider: 9281881, Wikidata: Q82277406.

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