Kohorte (militær)

For alternative betydninger, se Kohorte. (Se også artikler, som begynder med Kohorte)

En kohorte (latin: cohors, pl. cohortes) var den mindste taktiske enhed i de romerske legioner, efter at disse var blevet reformeret af Gajus Marius i 107 f.Kr. Standardstørrelsen på en kohorte ændrede sig over tid og afhang ligeledes af den specifikke situationen, men generelt var en kohorte sammensat af ca. 400-500 soldater og var opdelt i 6 centurier.[1] En legion havde 10 kohorter, hvoraf første kohorte var større end de øvrige.

En kohorte anses for at svare til en moderne militærbataljon. Kohorten erstattede maniplen.[2] Fra slutningen af andet århundrede f.Kr. og indtil midten af det tredje århundrede e.Kr. udgjorde ti kohorter (omkring 5.000 mand i alt) en legion. Kohorter fik navnet "første kohorte", "anden kohorte" osv. Den første årgang bestod af erfarne legionærer, mens legionærerne i tiende årgang var mindre erfarne.

Referencer

  1. ^ Goldsworthy, Adrian (2016-02-23). In the Name of Rome: The Men Who Won the Roman Empire (engelsk). Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-22183-1.
  2. ^ Nelson, Eric (2001-08-01). The Complete Idiot's Guide to the Roman Empire: Engrossing Stories of Roman Conquest, Palace Intrigue, and the Politics of Empire (engelsk). Penguin. ISBN 978-1-101-19918-3.
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