Richard Axel

Richard Axel
Richard Axel (11. července 2014)
Richard Axel (11. července 2014)
Narození2. července 1946 (78 let)
Brooklyn
Alma materKolumbijská univerzita
Stuyvesant High School
Lékařská škola Johnse Hopkinse
Povoláníbiochemik, neurolog a vysokoškolský učitel
ZaměstnavateléLékařská škola Johnse Hopkinse
Kolumbijská univerzita
Lékařský institut Howarda Hughese
OceněníCena Alana T. Watermana (1982)
Richard Lounsbery Award (1989)
Rosenstielová cena (1996)
Bristol-Myers Squibb Award for Distinguished Achievement in Neuroscience Research (1998)
Perl-UNC Prize (2002)
… více na Wikidatech
ChoťCornelia Bargmannová
Logo Wikimedia Commons multimediální obsah na Commons
Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky.

Richard Axel (* 2. července 1946) je americký vysokoškolský pedagog a neurobiolog, spolu s Lindou B. Buckovou nositel Nobelovy ceny za fyziologii a lékařství za rok 2004. Ocenění získali za výzkum olfaktorického (čichového) systému a zjištění, které geny řídí vnímání vůní.

Richard Axel roku 1967 získal bakalářský titul na Kolumbijské univerzitě, medicínu dokončil na Univerzity Johnse Hopkinse. Ve 32 letech získal na Kolumbijské univerzitě profesuru z patologie a biochemie. Své výzkumy provádí v Lékařském institutu Howarda Hughese při Kolumbijské univerzitě.

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Nositelé Nobelovy ceny za fyziologii a lékařství
1901–1925
1926–1950
  • Johannes Fibiger (1926)
  • Julius Wagner-Jauregg (1927)
  • Charles Nicolle (1928)
  • Christiaan Eijkman / Frederick Hopkins (1929)
  • Karl Landsteiner (1930)
  • Otto Heinrich Warburg (1931)
  • Charles Scott Sherrington / Edgar Douglas Adrian (1932)
  • Thomas Morgan (1933)
  • George Whipple / George Richards Minot / William Parry Murphy (1934)
  • Hans Spemann (1935)
  • Henry Hallett Dale / Otto Loewi (1936)
  • Albert Szent-Györgyi (1937)
  • Corneille Heymans (1938)
  • Gerhard Domagk (1939)
  • Henrik Dam / Edward Adelbert Doisy (1943)
  • Joseph Erlanger / Herbert Spencer Gasser (1944)
  • Alexander Fleming / Ernst Boris Chain / Howard Walter Florey (1945)
  • Hermann Joseph Muller (1946)
  • Carl Ferdinand Cori / Gerty Coriová / Bernardo Houssay (1947)
  • Paul Hermann Müller (1948)
  • Walter Rudolf Hess / António Egas Moniz (1949)
  • Philip Showalter Hench / Edward Calvin Kendall / Tadeus Reichstein (1950)
    		•
    1951–1975
  • Max Theiler (1951)
  • Selman Abraham Waksman (1952)
  • Hans Adolf Krebs / Fritz Albert Lipmann (1953)
  • John Franklin Enders / Frederick Chapman Robbins / Thomas Huckle Weller (1954)
  • Hugo Theorell (1955)
  • André Frédéric Cournand / Werner Forßmann / Dickinson W. Richards (1956)
  • Daniel Bovet (1957)
  • George Wells Beadle / Edward Lawrie Tatum / Joshua Lederberg (1958)
  • Arthur Kornberg / Severo Ochoa (1959)
  • Frank Macfarlane Burnet / Peter Brian Medawar (1960)
  • Georg von Békésy (1961)
  • Francis Crick / James Dewey Watson / Maurice Wilkins (1962)
  • John Carew Eccles / Alan Lloyd Hodgkin / Andrew Fielding Huxley (1963)
  • Konrad Bloch / Feodor Lynen (1964)
  • François Jacob / André Lwoff / Jacques Monod (1965)
  • Francis Peyton Rous / Charles Brenton Huggins (1966)
  • Ragnar Granit / Haldan Keffer Hartline / George Wald (1967)
  • Robert W. Holley / Har Gobind Khorana / Marshall Warren Nirenberg (1968)
  • Max Delbrück / Alfred Hershey / Salvador Luria (1969)
  • Julius Axelrod / Ulf von Euler / Bernard Katz (1970)
  • Earl Wilbur Sutherland (1971)
  • Gerald Edelman / Rodney Robert Porter (1972)
  • Karl von Frisch / Konrad Lorenz / Nikolaas Tinbergen (1973)
  • Albert Claude / Christian de Duve / George Emil Palade (1974)
  • David Baltimore / Renato Dulbecco / Howard Martin Temin (1975)
    		•
    1976–2000
  • Baruch Samuel Blumberg / Daniel Carleton Gajdusek (1976)
  • Roger Guillemin / Andrew Schally / Rosalyn Yalowová (1977)
  • Werner Arber / Daniel Nathans / Hamilton O. Smith (1978)
  • Allan McLeod Cormack / Godfrey N. Hounsfield (1979)
  • Baruj Benacerraf / Jean Dausset / George Davis Snell (1980)
  • Roger W. Sperry / David H. Hubel / Torsten Wiesel (1981)
  • Sune Bergström / Bengt Samuelsson / John Vane (1982)
  • Barbara McClintocková (1983)
  • Niels Kaj Jerne / Georges Köhler / César Milstein (1984)
  • Michael S. Brown / Joseph L. Goldstein (1985)
  • Stanley Cohen / Rita Leviová-Montalciniová (1986)
  • Susumu Tonegawa (1987)
  • James W. Black / Gertrude Belle Elionová / George H. Hitchings (1988)
  • J. Michael Bishop / Harold E. Varmus (1989)
  • Joseph Murray / E. Donnall Thomas (1990)
  • Erwin Neher / Bert Sakmann (1991)
  • Edmond H. Fischer / Edwin G. Krebs (1992)
  • Richard John Roberts / Phillip A. Sharp (1993)
  • Alfred G. Gilman / Martin Rodbell (1994)
  • Edward B. Lewis / Christiane Nüssleinová-Volhardová / Eric F. Wieschaus (1995)
  • Peter C. Doherty / Rolf Martin Zinkernagel (1996)
  • Stanley B. Prusiner (1997)
  • Robert F. Furchgott / Louis Ignarro / Ferid Murad (1998)
  • Günter Blobel (1999)
  • Arvid Carlsson / Paul Greengard / Eric Kandel (2000)
    		•
    2001–2025
  • Leland H. Hartwell / Tim Hunt / Paul Nurse (2001)
  • Sydney Brenner / H. Robert Horvitz / John Sulston (2002)
  • Paul Lauterbur / Peter Mansfield (2003)
  • Richard Axel / Linda B. Bucková (2004)
  • Barry Marshall / Robin Warren (2005)
  • Andrew Z. Fire / Craig C. Mello (2006)
  • Mario Capecchi / Martin Evans / Oliver Smithies (2007)
  • Harald zur Hausen / Françoise Barré-Sinoussiová / Luc Montagnier (2008)
  • Elizabeth Blackburnová / Carol W. Greiderová / Jack W. Szostak (2009)
  • Robert G. Edwards (2010)
  • Bruce Beutler / Jules A. Hoffmann / Ralph M. Steinman (2011)
  • John Gurdon / Šin’ja Jamanaka (2012)
  • James Rothman / Randy Schekman / Thomas Südhof (2013)
  • John O'Keefe / May-Britt Moserová / Edvard Moser (2014)
  • William C. Campbell / Satoši Ómura / Tchu Jou-jou (2015)
  • Jošinori Ósumi (2016)
  • Jeffrey C. Hall / Michael Rosbash / Michael W. Young (2017)
  • James P. Allison / Tasuku Hondžó (2018)
  • Gregg L. Semenza / Peter J. Ratcliffe / William Kaelin (2019)
  • Harvey J. Alter / Michael Houghton / Charles M. Rice (2020)
  • David Julius / Ardem Patapoutian (2021)
  • Svante Pääbo (2022)
  • Katalin Karikóová / Drew Weissman (2023)
  • Victor Ambros / Gary Ruvkun (2024)
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