Narconon

Narconon International (běžně zkracována jako Narconon) je scientologická organizace, která propaguje teorie zakladatele L. Rona Hubbarda týkající se léčby zneužívání návykových látek a závislostí. Její mateřskou organizací je Association for Better Living and Education (ABLE), kterou vlastní a kontroluje Scientologická církev.[1][2][3][4][5] Narconon sídlí v kalifornském Hollywoodu v USA[6] a provozuje několik desítek pobytových středisek po celém světě, především v USA a západní Evropě. Organizaci založil v roce 1966 scientolog William Benitez s Hubbardovou pomocí, v roce 1970 byla zaregistrována.[7]

Scientologická organizace a Narconon uvádějí, že Narconon je sekulární program nezávislý na Hubbardových spisech o scientologii[8] a že poskytuje legitimní protidrogové vzdělávání a rehabilitaci.[9][10] Organizace byla mnoha vládními zprávami a bývalými pacienty označena za scientologickou krycí skupinu.[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][7]

Hubbardovy spisy, z nichž program vychází, tvrdí, že drogy a jejich metabolity se ukládají v tukové tkáni těla a při pozdějším částečném uvolnění způsobují závislému touhu, kterou lze vyplavit režimem známým jako Purification Rundown, který zahrnuje cvičení, saunu a příjem vysokých dávek vitamínů.[19] Tato hypotéza je v rozporu s experimentálními důkazy a není lékařsky akceptována.[7][1][20][21][22][23][24] Neexistují žádné nezávisle uznané studie, které by potvrzovaly účinnost programu Narconon.[23]

Program vyvolal značné kontroverze[25] ohledně svého původu ve scientologii[11][26][27] a svých metod. Jeho léčba drogové závislosti byla označována za „lékařsky nebezpečnou“,[28] „šarlatánství“[15][29] a „lékařský podvod“.[30] Akademičtí a lékařští odborníci odmítli jeho vzdělávací program jako obsahující „faktické chyby v základních pojmech, jako jsou fyzické a psychické účinky, závislost a dokonce pravopis“.[31]

Léčba závislosti

Prvním krokem této léčby je rychlé a úplné odebrání drogy postiženému, což může ohrozit zdraví i život závislého. V dalších krocích se přistupuje ke klasickému třítýdennímu očistnému programu (purif). Ten má člověka zbavit nejen drog, ale i všech ostatních škodlivých vlivů, které na něj působí. Skládá se z tělesného pohybu, pocení v sauně a speciální výživy.[25]

Rehabilitační program

Skládá se z těchto kroků:

  1. Tělesné osvobození od návykové látky
  2. Komunikační cvičení
  3. Zbavení se jedů a škodlivých látek v těle[25]

Odkazy

Reference

V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Narconon na anglické Wikipedii.

  1. a b California Healthy Kids Resource Center; DEBORAH WOOD. Narconon Drug Abuse Prevention Program Evaluation [online]. California Department of Education / California Department of Public Health, January 2005 [cit. 2012-09-07]. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném z originálu dne December 22, 2019. 
  2. New Religious Movements in the Twenty-First Century: Legal, Political, and Social Challenges in Global Perspective. Redakce Phillip Charles Lucas. [s.l.]: Routledge, 2004. Dostupné online. ISBN 9781135889012. S. 376. 
  3. Narconon of Oklahoma, Inc Credentials [online]. [cit. 2014-03-20]. Dostupné online. 
  4. 10 News Investigators: Is the Narconon drug treatment program a Scientology front? [online]. [cit. 2014-03-20]. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném z originálu dne 20 March 2014. 
  5. DUFF, John S.; CLARK CARR. Healing drug and alcohol addiction in the family. New York Amsterdam News. 21 September 1996, s. 24. 
  6. Narconon International Contact Info [online]. Narconon [cit. 2010-12-25]. Dostupné online. , "Narconon International 4652 Hollywood Boulevard Hollywood, CA 90027."
  7. a b c REITMAN, Janet. Inside Scientology: The Story of America's Most Secretive Religion. [s.l.]: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2011. ISBN 9780618883028. S. 257. 
  8. Rachel Mendleson. Narconon meets fierce opposition in Hockley Valley. Toronto Star Newspapers. 2 September 2013. Dostupné online [cit. 20 March 2014]. 
  9. BROMLEY, David G. Contemporary American Religion. Scientology, Church of. Redakce Wade Clark Roof. New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 1999. S. 648–650. 
  10. Narconon and Scientology [online]. [cit. 2013-10-24]. Dostupné online. 
  11. a b Scientology Presents Narconon Program. Westlake Post. 30 April 1970. Dostupné online. 
  12. Drugs charity is front for 'dangerous' organisation; Insight; Focus. Sunday Times. 7 January 2007. Dostupné online [cit. 20 March 2014]. 
  13. Malcolm Knox. Only Itself to Blame: The Church of Scientology. The Monthly. September 2009. Dostupné online [cit. 14 September 2012]. 
  14. BEHAR, Richard. Scientology: The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power. Time. 6 May 1991. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném z originálu dne 20 February 2007. 
  15. a b Robert W. Welkos; JOEL SAPPELL. Church Seeks Influence in Schools, Business, Science. Los Angeles Times. 27 June 1990. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném z originálu dne 23 October 2012. 
  16. MARSHALL, John. ProQuest. The Scientology Papers / Hubbard still gave orders, records show. The Globe and Mail. 24 January 1980. Dostupné online. 
  17. A Turning Point in our History. International Scientology News. 27 May 2004. 
  18. Creating a New Civilisation: YOUR ROLE. wise at work. 2005, s. 14. 
  19. TEWKSBURY, Drew. Scientology and the State: Narconon's Influence in the Prison System. [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2008. Dostupné online. ISBN 9780549609377. 
  20. KLOTTER, Julie. Hubbard's Drug Rehabilitation Program [online]. Townsend Letter: The Examiner of Alternative Medicine, 2007 [cit. 2011-06-27]. Dostupné online. 
  21. MIESZKOWSKI, Katharine. Scientology's war on psychiatry. Salon.com. 1 July 2005. Dostupné online [cit. 7 September 2012]. 
  22. KÖHLER, Nicholas. Scientology's plan for Canada. Maclean's. Canada: 26 September 2012. 
  23. a b BERG, Rigmor C. A brief summary and evaluation of the evidence base for Narconon as drug prevention intervention. Oslo, Norway: Norwegian Centre for the Health Services, September 2008. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném z originálu dne 5 April 2012. ISBN 978-82-8121-214-5. S. 19–21. 
  24. ERNST, Edzard. Scientology detox programmes: expensive and unproven. The Guardian. 17 August 2012. Dostupné online [cit. 3 November 2013]. 
  25. a b c VOJTÍŠEK, Zdeněk. V ušlechtilosti je síla. DINGIR [online]. 30.3.1999, roč. 2., čís. 1., s. 4-5. Dostupné online. ISSN 1212-1371
  26. The Four Basic Social Programs. The Hawaiian-American. 17 December 1975. Dostupné online [cit. 6 September 2012]. 
  27. NARCONON to give awards. The Phoenix Gazette. 19 May 1970. Dostupné online [cit. 6 September 2012]. 
  28. FARLEY, Robert. Newspapers.com. Detox center seeks acceptance. St. Petersburg Times. March 30, 2003, s. 1B,5B.  (courtesy link)
  29. 30 arrested in Paris crackdown on Scientologists. Agence France-Presse. 14 January 1992. Dostupné online [cit. 20 March 2014]. 
  30. ABGRALL, Jean-Marie. Healing Or Stealing?: Medical Charlatans in the New Age. [s.l.]: Algora, 2001. Dostupné online. ISBN 978-1-892941-51-0. S. 193. 
  31. ASIMOV, Nanette. Church's drug program flunks S.F. test / Panel of experts finds Scientology's Narconon lectures outdated, inaccurate. San Francisco Chronicle. 2 October 2004. Dostupné online [cit. 7 September 2012]. 

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