Unitat de fórmula

Una unitat de fórmula en química és una fórmula empírica d'una xarxa sòlida iònica o covalent utilitzada com una entitat independent per als càlculs estequiomètrics. És la relació de nombre enter més baix d'ions representats en un compost iònic.[1] Els exemples inclouen xarxes iòniques de NaCl i K₂O i covalents, com ara SiO₂ i C (com el diamant o grafit).[2]

Els compostos iònics no existeixen com a molècules individuals; per tant una unitat de fórmula indica la proporció reduïda més baixa d'ions en el compost.

En mineralogia, com que els minerals són gairebé exclusivament sòlids ja sigui iònics o de xarxa, s'utilitza la unitat de fórmula. El nombre d'unitats de fórmula (Z) i les dimensions dels eixos cristal·logràfics s'utilitzen en la definició de la unitat de cel·la.[3]

Referències

  1. ↑ Molecular Formula on science.jrank.org
  2. ↑ Steven S. Zumdahl; Susan A. Zumdahl (2000), Chemistry (5 ed.), Houghton Mifflin, pp. 470-6, ISBN 0-618-03591-5
  3. ↑ Smyth, Joseph R. and Tamsin C. McCormick, 1995, Crystallographic Data for Minerals, American Geophysical Union

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