Turdus

Infotaula d'ésser viuTurdus Modifica el valor a Wikidata

griva Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Taxonomia
SuperregneHolozoa
RegneAnimalia
FílumChordata
ClasseAves
OrdrePasseriformes
FamíliaTurdidae
GènereTurdus Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Linnaeus, 1758

Turdus (Linnaeus, 1758)és un gran gènere d'ocells de la família dels túrdids, a l'ordre dels passeriformes;[1] compren gairebé la meitat de les espècies de la família.[2] Són ocells de mida mitjana, principalment insectívors o omnívors, de distribució cosmopolita,[3]presents en biomes molt diversos.[2] i amb espècies a gairebé tots el continents: Europa, Àsia, Àfrica, Amèrica i Austràlia. S'han descrit també algunes espècies en illes oceàniques, i com a mínim dues s'han introduït a Nova Zelanda. Entre les espècies de Turdus, n'hi ha que són migratòries.[3]

Als Països Catalans hi crien diverses espècies d'aquest gènere, com ara la merla, la griva o el tord comú, a més de la merla de pit blanc, restringida al Pirineu. Aquests noms (merla, tord i griva) es fan extensius a la resta d'espècies del gènere.

Algunes espècies de Turdus són considerades espècies cinegètiques de caça menor; són el tord comú (T. philomenos), el tord ala-roig (T. iliacus) i la griva (T, viscivorus).[4] Es va prohibir la caça de la griva cerdana (T. pilaris),[5] que apareixia en la Guia de les les espècies cinegètiques de Catalunya de 2007.[4]

Alguna subespècie ha rebut la categoria d'espècie, mentre que els dos petits tords que eren classificats al gènere Platycichla, ho són ara a Turdus.

Taxonomia

Segons la classificació del Congrés Ornitològic Internacional (versió 11.2, 2021)[6] aquest gènere està format per 87 espècies.

Referències

  1. «Turdus» (en castellà). Iberfauna. [Consulta: 16 setembre 2023].
  2. 2,0 2,1 Batista, Romina; Olsson, Urban; Andermann, Tobias; Aleixo, Alexandre; Ribas, Camila Cherem «Phylogenomics and biogeography of the world's thrushes (Aves, Turdus ): new evidence for a more parsimonious evolutionary history» (en anglès). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 287, 1919, 29-01-2020, pàg. 20192400. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2400. ISSN: 0962-8452. PMC: PMC7015335. PMID: 31964299.
  3. 3,0 3,1 «Turdus» (en anglès). Animalia. [Consulta: 16 setembre 2023].
  4. 4,0 4,1 Lavín, Santiago; Casas, Encarna et al. Guia de les espècies cinegètiques de Catalunya (pdf). Ediciones S, octubre 2007 [Consulta: 17 setembre 2023]. 
  5. «Espècies cinegètiques». Generalitat de Catalunya, 12-04-2022. [Consulta: 16 setembre 2023].
  6. Frank Gill, David Donsker, Pamela Rasmussen, eds. (Juliol 2021). IOC World Bird List Version 11.2. International Ornithologists' Union.

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