Dissidència

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Dissidència és un desacord parcial o total amb l'ordre establert en la societat o en algun dels seus àmbits. Amb freqüència s'utilitza aquest terme de manera col·lectiva, per definir el conjunt de persones dissidents amb una societat determinada o algun dels seus àmbits, encara que no ho facin necessàriament des del mateix punt de vista i per tant no constituïxen una força homogènia. El conjunt de persones que compartixen aquesta visió crítica se sol denominar dissidència, encara que ho facin des de diferents perspectives.

En temps moderns, s'ha utilitzat aquest terme sobretot per referir-se als qui, per motius de consciència, assumint desavantatges o fins i tot persecució, han alçat la seva veu des de dins de països dominats per règims totalitaris, dictatorials o opressors o que no permetien el desenvolupament de certes minories. En efecte, molts d'ells han patit la pèrdua del seu lloc professional, la presó o l'internament en camps de concentració o en unitats psiquiàtriques, l'exili, l'assassinat o fins i tot la tortura. En alguns casos es tracta de persones que van donar suport al règim totalitari, fins i tot si eren membres del partit que els sustentava i després se'n van apartar.

Dissidents famosos

De la Unió Soviètica

Article principal: Dissidents soviètics

D'altres països comunistes

De la Xina

De Sud-àfrica, en temps de l'apartheid

De països musulmans

De Cuba

De Rússia i altres països postcomunistes

D'altres països

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