Comissió de l'Energia Atòmica dels Estats Units

Infotaula d'organitzacióComissió de l'Energia Atòmica dels Estats Units
(en) United States Atomic Energy Commission Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Dades
Nom curtAEC Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Tipusagència federal dels Estats Units Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Història
Creació1r agost 1946
Data de dissolució o abolició19 gener 1975 Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Reemplaçat perEnergy Research and Development Administration (en) Tradueix (1975)
Nuclear Regulatory Commission (1975) Modifica el valor a Wikidata

1r agost 1946Atomic Energy Act of 1946 (en) Tradueix Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Governança corporativa
Seu (–1957)
Seu (1958–1975)
PresidènciaDavid E. Lilienthal (1946–1950)
Gordon Dean (1950–1953)
Lewis Strauss (1953–1958)
John McCone (1958–1960)
Glenn Theodore Seaborg (1961–1971)
James R. Schlesinger (1971–1973)
Dixy Lee Ray (1973–1975) Modifica el valor a Wikidata

La Comissió de l'Energia Atòmica dels Estats Units –en anglès, United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)– és un organisme federal creat pel Congrés dels Estats Units després de la Segona Guerra Mundial per fomentar i controlar el desenvolupament dels coneixements científics i tècnics relacionats amb l'energia atòmica en temps de pau. L'1 d'agost del 1946, el president Harry S. Truman va signar la Llei McMahon sobre l'energia atòmica, que va entrar en vigor l'1 de gener del 1947 i que va retirar als militars el control sobre aquesta energia per donar-lo als civils.

Aquesta acció reflectia l'optimisme dels nord-americans en la postguerra, ja que d'aquesta manera el Congrés dels Estats Units deixava clar que l'energia nuclear s'havia d'utilitzar no només en forma de bomba nuclear per defensar la nació, sinó també per promoure la pau mundial, millorar la qualitat de vida de la població i enfortir la lliure competència de la iniciativa privada. Aquesta actuació va ser la culminació de mesos de debat en què van intervenir polítics, estrategs militars i científics. El president Truman va triar David Lilienthal com a primer director de l'AEC.

Directors de la Comissió de l'Energia Atòmica dels Estats Units

Anys Nom President(s) del país
1946-1950 David E. Lilienthal Harry S. Truman
1950-1953 Gordon Dean Harry S. Truman
1953-1958 Lewis Strauss Dwight D. Eisenhower
1958-1960 John A. McCone Dwight D. Eisenhower
1961-1971 Glenn T. Seaborg John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon
1971-1973 James R. Schlesinger Richard Nixon
1973-1974 Dixy Lee Ray Richard Nixon

Bibliografia

  • Buck, Alice L. A History of the Atomic Energy Commission. U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/ES-0003. July 1983. PDF file
  • Richard G. Hewlett; Oscar E. Anderson. The New World, 1939-1946. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1962.
  • Richard G. Hewlett; Francis Duncan. Atomic Shield, 1947-1952. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1969.
  • Richard G. Hewlett; Jack M. Holl. Atoms for Peace and War, 1953-1961: Eisenhower and the Atomic Energy Commission. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989.

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