Природен капитал

Природен капитал е наличност на природни екосистеми, която води до поток на ценни за екосистемата материали в бъдеще. Понятието представлява разширение на икономическия смисъл на „капитал“. Например наличието на риба осигурява поток от нова риба в бъдеще. Този цикъл може да бъде безкраен.[1] При правилната им експлоатация, земите и водите на Земята и тяхното биоразнообразие дават поток от ценни материали и услуги като производство на храна и дървесина, пречистване на водата, генетично разнообразие и др.[2]

Контекст

Природен капитал е един от подходите при оценяването на околната среда, според който живите организми (различни от хората) на Земята представляват природен ресурс, чието правилно управление може да доведе до много ползи. В Книгата Естествен капитализъм. Следващата промишлена революция авторите позиционират световната икономика в контескста на природни ресурси и екосистемни услуги, които ни поддържат, придавайки стойност на неща като минерали, дървета, човешки интелект и др. Според тях бизнесът може да продължи да съществува, само ако се разпознае тази жизненоважна връзка с ценните ресурси на Земята.[3][4]

Терминът е използван за пръв път през 1973 г. от Ернст Шумахер в книгата Малкото е красиво.[5] и се идентифицира с проекта Биосфера 2 и с икономическия модел на природен капитализъм на Амори Ловинс, Хънтър Ловинс и Пол Хоукън.

Източници

  1. ↑ The Encyclopedia of Earth
  2. ↑ Natural Capital Project, архив на оригинала от 5 октомври 2013, https://web.archive.org/web/20131005015757/http://www.naturalcapitalproject.org/about.html, посетен на 6 декември 2014 
  3. ↑ Book Review: Natural Capitalism Архив на оригинала от 2010-01-03 в Wayback Machine. oт Social Funds
  4. ↑ Hawken, Paul; Amory Lovins; Hunter Lovins (1999). Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution.
  5. ↑ Schumacher, E.F (1973). Small is Beautiful: A Study of Economics As If People Mattered.
  Тази страница частично или изцяло представлява превод на страницата Natural capital в Уикипедия на английски. Оригиналният текст, както и този превод, са защитени от Лиценза „Криейтив Комънс – Признание – Споделяне на споделеното“, а за съдържание, създадено преди юни 2009 година – от Лиценза за свободна документация на ГНУ. Прегледайте историята на редакциите на оригиналната страница, както и на преводната страница, за да видите списъка на съавторите. ​

ВАЖНО: Този шаблон се отнася единствено до авторските права върху съдържанието на статията. Добавянето му не отменя изискването да се посочват конкретни източници на твърденията, които да бъдат благонадеждни.​

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