Органогенни скали

Органогенните (биохимични) скали спадат към групата на седиментните (утаечни) скали. Те се делят на две подгрупи: зоогенни и фитогенни:

  • Зоогенни скали – образуват се чрез натрупване на остатъци от животински организми – скелетни елементи, черупки и други.
    • черупчест варовик – пореста скала, изградена от черупки или техни отломки. Ползва се за производство на каменни блокове и плочи за вътрешна и външна облицовка. Има обемна плътност 900 – 2000 кг/м3; Поради това се използва и като трошен камък за леки бетони. Някои черупчести варовици представляват почти чист калциев карбонат и се ползват в химическата промишленост.
  • Фитогенни скали – образуват се в резултат от натрупването на части от измрели растения.
    • креда – слабо споена скала, изградена от микроскопични водорасли. Употребява се като бял пигмент за приготвяне на строителни разтвори за замазки.
    • каменни въглища – Въглищата са образувани от растителни остатъци, които са се уплътнили, втвърдили, изменили химически и метаморфирали от топлината и налягането в хода на геоложката история.
    • бигор – много пореста скала, образуваща се около растенията в потоци и водопади, чиито води имат голямо съдържание на калциев карбонат.
    • диатомит – слабо споена и много пореста скала с обемна плътност 400 – 1000 кг/м3
    • трепел – много лека, глиноподобна скала с обемна плътност 500 – 1200 кг/м3

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