Григорий XIV

Григорий XIV
римски папа
Понтификат
Начало5 декември 1590 г.
Край16 октомври 1591 г.
ПредшественикУрбан VII
НаследникИнокентий IX
Лична информация
Рождено имеНиколо Сфондрати
Роден
Починал
16 октомври 1591 г. (56 г.)
ГербГерб на Григорий XIV
СъименнициУрбан
Григорий XIV в Общомедия

Григорий XIV (на латински: Gregorius PP. Quartus Decimus), е римски папа от 5 декември 1590 до 16 октомври 1591. Светското му име е Николо Сфондрати.

Биография

Николо Сфондрати изучава богословие в университетите в Перуджа и Падуа. В 1560 г. е ръкоположен за епископ на Кремона, а през 1583 г. папа Григорий XIII му дава кардиналски сан. Николо е бил човек благочестив, аскетичен и абсолютно нечестолюбив. Когато кардинал Монталто се появява в монашеската му килия, за да му съобщи, че е избран за папа, той пада на колене пред разпятието и възкликва: „Да ви прости Господ, каква сте я свършили!“.

Сфондрати приема името Григорий XIV. Той продължава политиката на непосредствените си предшественици за вътрешни реформи в Католическата църква като противодействие на Реформацията. Защитава интересите на Испания, под чието влияние е избран за папа. Поддържа френската Католическа Лига против хугенота Анри Наварски / бъдещия френски крал Анри IV /. За тази цел изпраща в Париж военен отряд под командването на племенника си Ерколе Сфондрати и субсидира Лигата с 15 000 златни скуди. Биографите отбелязват една любопитна особеност от психиката на Григорий: той често и без видима причина започвал да се смее и не можел да се спре. Такъв пристъп на смях той получил даже и по време на коронацията с папската тиара.

Смъртта на Григорий XIV е причинена от огромен, около 70 грама, жлъчен камък.

Литература

  • The Oxford Dictionary of Popes (Oxford Paperback Reference) by J. N. D. Kelly
  • Chronicle of the Popes: The Reign-by-Reign Record of the Papacy over 2000 Years by P. G. Maxwell-Stuart
Урбан VII римски папа (5 декември 1590 – 16 октомври 1591) Инокентий IX

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