Алпийска розалия

Алпийска розалия
Природозащитен статут
VU
Уязвим[1]
Класификация
царство:Животни (Animalia)
тип:Членестоноги (Arthropoda)
клас:Насекоми (Insecta)
разред:Бръмбари (Coleoptera)
серия:Cucujiformia
семейство:Сечковци (Cerambycidae)
триб:Compsocerini
род:Розалии (Rosalia)
вид:Алпийска розалия (R. alpina)
Научно наименование
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Алпийска розалия в Общомедия
[ редактиране ]

Алпийската розалия (Rosalia alpina) наричана още сечко розалия или алпийски сечко е вид бръмбар от сем. Сечковци, срещащ се и в България.

Общи сведения

Тялото е издължено и равно, леко извито, покрито с гъсти сини косъмчета. От двете страни на главата са разположени чифт антени, които са по-дълги от самото тяло. Членчетата на антените с удебелени и окосмени краища. Главата е сравнително голяма. По-голямата част от тялото е синкаво до зеленикаво, като има три реда черни напречни ивици по гърба си.

Окраската му се слива с шарката на бука, едно от предпочитаните от сечко розалия дървета, което има защитна функция. Буковият сечко също има защитна окраска, наподобяваща кората на бука, и затова двата вида на пръв поглед много си приличат. Това е пример за конвергентна еволюция. Розалия се отличава, обаче, с по-издълженото си тяло, удебелени крайчета на членчетата на антените, наличието на сини космици по тялото и наличието на три черни петна на всяка елитра вместо две, както е при буковия сечко.

Разпространение

Среща се в Европа, Крим, Кавказ, Палестина и Сирия. Живее предимно в стари букови гори на височина 500 – 1000 m.

Начин на живот и хранене

Възрастните са активни от юни до септември. През деня бръмбарите стоят близо до цветя и се хранят с прашец. Издават чуруликащ звук триейки задните си крака и елитрите заедно. След чифтосване, женската полага яйца в пукнатини в кората на бук. Ларвите се хранят с кората и след около три години какавидират на същото място. През пролетта от какавидата излиза възрастното насекомо.

Култура

Алпийският сечко е основният елемент в логото на българския научен журнал Historia naturalis bulgarica.

Изобразен е на множество пощенски марки,[2] включително българската Scott BG 1335 от 1964 г. с номинал 5 стотинки.[3]

Източници

  1. Rosalia alpina (Linnaeus, 1758). // IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Посетен на 2 януари 2023 г. (на английски)
  2. colnect.com: "Rosalia alpina" // Посетен на 12 дек. 2021.
  3. Scott 2009 Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue. Т. 1. 2008. ISBN 0-89487-417-9. с. 1140.

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