Уловки в някои дебюти от шахмата

Някои дебюти в шахмата предлагат уловки, водещи до ранен мат.
По-долу са цитирани едни от най-известните партии, където уловките са довели до бърза победа/мат.

  • Класическа защита Бенони (A43 – A44), Йермолински – Тейт, Рено 2001 г.

1.d4 c5 2.d5 e6 3.Kc3 e:d5?! 4.K:d5 Ke7 5.Og5 h6 6.Oh4 Да5+ 7.c3 Kf5?? 8.Да4!! Д:a4 9.Kc7X

  • Гамбит Блекбърн-Шилинг (Италианска партия)

1.e4 e5 2.Kf3 Kc6 3.Oc4 Kd4?! 4.K:e5!? Дg5! 5.K:f7?? Д:g2 6.Tf1 Д:e4+ 7.Oe2 Kf3X

1.d4 Kf6 2.c4 e5 3.d:e5 Kg4 4.Of4 Kc6 5.Kf3 Ob4+ 6.Kbd2 Де7 7.a3 Kg:e5! 8.a:b4?? Kd3X

  • Будапещенски гамбит

1.d4 Kf6 2.c4 e5 3.d5?! Oc5 4.Og5? Ke4! 5.O:d8?? O:f2X

1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.Kc3 d:e4 4.K:e4 Kf6 5.Дd3!? e5?! 6.d:e5 Да5+ 7.Od2 Д:e5 8.0-0-0! K:e4?? 9.Дd8+!! Цd8 10. Og5++ (1-0) 10...Це8 11.Td8x или 10...Цс7 11.Od8X

1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.Kc3 d:e4 4.K:e4 Kd7 5.Де2 Kgf6?? 6.Kd6X

1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.Kc3 d:e4 4.K:e4 Kd7 5.Oc4 Kgf6 6.Kg5 e6 7.Де2 Kb6 8.Od3 h6 9.K5f3 c5 10.d:c5 Kbd7!? 11.b4 b6 12.Kd4! b:c5?? 13.Kc6! Дс7 14.Д:e6+! (1-0) f:e6 15.Og6X

1.e4 c6 2.Kc3 d5 3.Kf3 d:e4 4.K:e4 Of5?! 5.Kg3 Og6? 6.h4 h6 7.Ke5 Oh7 8.Дh5! g6 9.Oc4! e6 10.Де2 Kf6?? 11.K:f7! Ц:f7 12.Д:e6+ (1-0) Цg7 13.Дf7X

1.d4 f5 2.Og5 h6 3.Oh4 g5 4.Og3 f4? 5.e3 h5 (5...f:g3?? 6.Дh5x) 6.Od3!? Th6?? 7.Д:h5+! T:h5 8.Og6X

  • Холандска защита (A80)

1.d4 f5 2.h3 Kf6 3.g4 f:g4 4.h:g4 K:g4 5.Дd3 Kf6?? 6.T:h7! T:h7 7.Дg6X

  • Гамбит Енглунд

1.d4 e5?! 2.d:e5 Kc6 3.Kf3 Дe7 4.Of4 Дb4+ 5.Od2 Д:b2 6.Oc3?? Ob4 7.Дd2 O:c3 8.Д:c3 Дс1X

  • Френска защита, Гамбит Рети (С20)

1.e4 e6 2.b3 d5 3.Оb2 d:e4 4.Кc3 Кf6 5.Дe2 Оb4 6.0-0-0 Дe7 7.К:e4 Оa3 8.К:f6+ Д:f6 9.О:a3?? Дa1X

  • Дебют Берд, Гамбит Берд (A02), Напетшниг – Райн, Чикаго 1977

1.f4 e5 2.f:e5 d6 3.e:d6 O:d6 4.Kf3 (4.b3?? Дh4+ 5.g3 Д:g3+ 6.h:g3 O:g3X, Пантелидакис-Райн, Чикаго 1974) g5 5.h3?? Og3X

  • Защита Грюнфелд (D85)

1.d4 Kf6 2.c4 g6 3.Kc3 d5 4.c:d5 K:d5 5.e4 K:c3 6.b:c3 Og7 7.Oc4 c5 8.Ke2 c:d4 9.c:d4 Kc6 10.Oe3 Дa5+!? 11.Od2 Да3 12.Tb1 0-0 13.d5? Ke5 14.Ob4? Дf3!! 15.g:f3?? K:f3+ 16.Цf1 Oh3X

  • Царски офицерски гамбит (C33)

1.e4 e5 2.f4 e:f4 3.Оc4 Дh4+ 4.g3 f:g3 5.Дf3 g2+ 6.Цe2 g:h1=Д 7.Д:f7+ Цd8 8.Д:f8X

  • Защита Мàршал (D06)

1.d4 d5 2.c4 Kf6?! 3.c:d5 K:d5 4.Kf3 Kc6? 5.e4 Kf6 6.Kc3 Og4 7.d5 Ke5? 8.K:e5! O:d1 9.Ob5+ c6 10.d:c6 Дс7?? 11.c:b7+ Цd8 (след 11...Дd7 или 11...Kd7, белите печелят с 12.b:a8Д или b:a8Т) 12.K:f7X

  • Редки варианти, Киш – Гидеон Барца, Дебрецен 1930 г.

1.e4 Kc6 2.d4 d5 3.e:d5 Д:d5 4.Kf3 Og4 5.Kc3 O:f3 6.K:d5 O:d1 7.K:c7+ Цd8 8.K:a8 O:c2 9.Of4 K:d4 10.Kc7? e5! 11.O:e5?? Ob4Х. Възможно е също 7...Цd7 8.K:a8 O:c2 9.Of4 e5 10.d:e5 Ob4+ 11.Це2 Kge7 12.e6+ f:e6 13.Kc7?? Kd4+ 14.Це3 Kef5X.

1.e4 b6 2.d4 Ob7 3.Od3 f5?! 4.e:f5! O:g2 5.Дh5+ g6 6.f:g6! Kf6?? 7.g:h7+! K:h5 8.Og6X

  • Защита Петров,

1.e4 e5 2.Кf3 Кf6 3.К:e5 Кc6?! 4.К:c6 d:c6 5.d3 Оc5 6.Оg5? К:e4! 7.О:d8?? О:f2+ 8.Цe2 Оg4X

  • Защита Филидор, Легал — Сен Бри, Париж 1750 г.

1.e4 e5 2.Kf3 d6 3.Oc4 Og4?! 4.Kc3 g6? 5.K:e5! O:d1?? 6.O:f7+ Це7 7.Kd5X. Днес това се нарича „Мат на Легал“.

  • Атака Рихтер-Вересов, N.N. – Райн, Чикаго 1977 г.

1.d4 Kf6 2.Kc3 d5 3.Og5 c5!? 4.O:f6 e:f6!? 5.d:c5 d4 6.Ke4 Of5 7.Kg3? O:c5! 8.K:f5? Да5+! 9.c3 d:c3 10.b4 O:b4 11.Дс2 Д:f5! 12.Д:f5?? c2X

  • Съвременна защита (Robatsch Defense)

1.e4 g6 2.Kf3 d6 3.Oc4 Kd7?? 4.O:f7+! Ц:f7 5.Kg5+ Цf6 (иначе 6.Ke6 печели дамата) 6.Дf3+ Ц:g5 (6...Це5 7.Дс3+ Цf4 8.Дg3 х) 7.d4+ Цh4 8.Дh3X.

1.e4 e5 2.Kf3 Kc6 3.Ob5 a6 4.Oa4 Kf6 5.0-0 K:e4 6.d4 e:d4?! 7.Te1 d5 8.K:d4 Od6 9.K:c6 O:h2+! 10.Цh1! Дh4 11.T:e4+! d:e4 12.Дd8+! Д:d8 13.К:d8+ Ц:d8 14.Ц:h2 f5?? 15.Og5X [1]

  • Испанска партия, Ханс Бьом – Роман Ернандез, Амстердам 1979 г.

1.e4 e5 2.Кf3 Кc6 3.Оb5 a6 4.О:c6 d:c6 5.0-0 Оg4 6.h3 h5 7.d3 Дf6 8.Оe3 Кe7 9.Кbd2 Кg6 10.h:g4? h:g4 11.Кg5 Кf4 12.Д:g4 Д:g5! Белите се предават. Следва 13.Д:g5 Кe2X

  • Испанска партия, Нимцович – Рикхоф, Перну 1910 г.

1.e4 e5 2.Кf3 Кc6 3.Оb5 Кf6 4.0-0 d6 5.d4 К:e4? 6.d5 a6 7.Оd3 Кf6 8.d:c6 e4 9.Тe1 d5 10.Оe2! e:f3?? (Черните можеха да играят 10...b:c6) 11.c:b7 О:b7 (ако 11...f:e2, 12.b:a8(Д)) 12.Оb5XNimzowitsch–Ryckhoff, simultaneous exhibition, Pärnu 1910[1][2]

  • Скандинавска защита, Естебан Канал – N.N., Будапеща 1934 г.

1.e4 d5 2.e:d5 Д:d5 3.Kc3 Да5 4.d4 c6 5.Kf3 Og4 6.Of4 e6 7.h3 O:f3 8.Д:f3 Ob4 9.Oe2 Kd7 10.a3 O-O-O?? 11.a:b4!! Д:a1+ 12.Цd2! Д:h1 13.Д:c6+! b:c6 14.Oa6X Тази партия е наречена Перуанска безсмъртна партия: Белите жертват дама и два топа за да завършат с този мат ("Boden's mate")

  • Сицилианска защита, („Сибирска уловка“)

1.e4 c5 2.d4 c:d4 3.c3 d:c3 4.K:c3 Kc6 5.Kf3 e6 6.Oc4 Дс7 7.0-0 Kf6 8.Де2 Kg4! 9.h3?? Kd4! (печелейки минимум дама) 10.K:d4?? Дh2X

  • Сицилианска защита, Дютч – Сюгдeн, Лондон 1964

1.e4 c5 2.d4 c:d4 3.c3 d5 4.e:d5 Д:d5 5.Kf3?! Og4 6.Да4+ Kc6 7.K:d4 Od7 8.Kb5? 0-0-0! 9.K:a7+?? K:a7 10.Д:a7 Дd1+!! (0-1) 11.Ц:d1 Og4+ 12.Цс2 Od1 x или 12.Це1 Td1X

1.e4 c5 2.Kf3 Kf6 3.e5 Kd5 4.Kc3 e6 5.K:d5 e:d5 6.d4 Kc6 7.d:c5 O:c5 8.Д:d5 Дb6 9.Oc4 О:f2+ 10.Це2 O-O 11.Tf1 Oc5 12.Kg5 Kd4+ 13.Цd1 Ke6 14.Ke4 d6 15.e:d6 О:d6?? 16.К:d6 Td8 17.Of4! К:f4? 18.Д:f7+ Цh8 19.Дg8+! (1-0) Т:g8 20.Kf7X

1.e4 c5 2.Kf3 d6 3.d4 c:d4 4.K:d4 Kf6 5.Kc3 a6 6.Og5 e6 7.f4 b5 8.e5 d:e5 9.f:e5 Дс7 10.Де2 Kfd7 11.0-0-0 Ob7 12.Дg4 Д:e5 13.Od3 Kf6? 14.О:f6 Д:f6? 15.The1 h5 16.К:e6! Oe7 (16...h:g4 17.О:b5+! Це7 (17...a:b5? 18.Kc7Х или 18.К:g7Х) 18.К:f8+ Ц:f8? 19.Te8X) 17.О:b5+! a:b5 18.Kc7+! Цf8 19.Td8+! О:d8 20.Te8X

  • Дебют на трите коня

1.e4 e5 2.Kf3 Kc6 3.Kc3 g6 4.d4 e:d4 5.Kd5 Og7 6.Og5 Kge7? 7.K:d4! O:d4?? 8.Д:d4! K:d4 9.Kf6+ Цf8 10.Oh6X

  • Защита на двата коня

1.e4 e5 2.Кf3 Кc6 3.Оc4 Кf6 4.Кg5 d5 5.e:d5 К:d5 6.К:f7 Ц:f7 7.Дf3+ Цe8? 8.О:d5 Оd7?? (или няколко други хода) 9.Дf7X

  • Виенска партия

1.e4 e5 2.Kc3 Kf6 3.Oc4 K:e4 4.O:f7+ (4.K:e4 d5) Ц:f7 5.K:e4 Kc6 6.Дf3+ Цg8?? 7.Kg5! Д:g5 8.Дd5X

Източници

  1. ↑ Aron Nimzovich, My System, David McKay, 1947, p. 131. ISBN 0-679-14025-5.
  2. ↑ Nimzowitsch–N.N., Pernau 1910. ChessGames.com. Посетен на 15 ноември 2009.
  Тази страница частично или изцяло представлява превод на страницата Checkmates in the opening в Уикипедия на английски. Оригиналният текст, както и този превод, са защитени от Лиценза „Криейтив Комънс – Признание – Споделяне на споделеното“, а за съдържание, създадено преди юни 2009 година – от Лиценза за свободна документация на ГНУ. Прегледайте историята на редакциите на оригиналната страница, както и на преводната страница, за да видите списъка на съавторите. ​

ВАЖНО: Този шаблон се отнася единствено до авторските права върху съдържанието на статията. Добавянето му не отменя изискването да се посочват конкретни източници на твърденията, които да бъдат благонадеждни.​

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