Аўстра-турэцкія войны

Аўстра-турэцкія войны — серыя ваенных канфліктаў паміж Асманскай імперыяй і Аўстрыйскай імперыяй. Пачаткам гэтых канфліктаў лічыцца Мохацкая бітва, пасля якой траціна Венгрыі стала даннікам Асманскай імперыі.

У XVI стагоддзі Асманская імперыя была сур'ёзнай пагрозай Еўропе, якая не магла мабілізавацца на адпор з-за Рэфармацыі і франка-габсбургскага суперніцтва. Аднак у Асманскай імперыі тым часам былі свае праблемы — з Персіяй на ўсходзе і егіпецкімі мамлюкамі на поўдні, якія не дазволілі ёй накіраваць супраць Еўропы ўсе свае сілы.

Першапачаткова Габсбургі, якія кіравалі Аўстрыяй, ваявалі супраць туркаў у кааліцыі з іншымі краінамі, дзе кіравалі іншыя прадстаўнікі гэтай дынастыі, у выніку чаго аўстра-турэцкія войны былі часткай больш глабальных асмана-габсбургскіх войнаў, аднак Вестфальскі мір 1648 года і Вайна за іспанскую спадчыну 1701—1714 гадоў пакінулі Аўстрыю адзіным кампактным габсбургскім уладаннем. Нарастаючая перавага Еўропы ў ваеннай справе дазволіла Аўстрыі адваяваць Венгрыю і пачаць наступ на Балканах. Канфлікты завяршыліся, калі падчас Першай сусветнай вайны Аўстра-Венгрыя і Асманская імперыя сталі саюзнікамі, а пасля вайны абедзве імперыі спынілі сваё існаванне.

Літаратура

  • Кэролайн Финкель «История Османской империи: Видение Османа» — Москва: АСТ, 2010. ISBN 978-5-17-043651-4

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