Гравюра

Штыхелі — інструменты для тарцовай гравюры
Гравюра А. Дзюрэра

Гравюра ад французскага graver — выразаць, ствараць рэльеф) — від графічнага мастацтва, стварэнне выяў, якія можна дубляваць кантактным друкам з рельефных паверхняў ці праз трафарэт. Кожны адбітак лічыцца аўтарскім творам.

Класіфікацыя

У залежнасці ад матэрыялу формы выдзяляюць некалькі відаў гравюры — гравюра на метале, лінагравюра, ксілаграфія, літаграфія, гравюра на картоне, воску і г. д.

У залежнасці ад спосабу апрацоўкі формы гравюра на метале яшчэ раздзяляецца на віды: гравюра разцом на медзі, афорт, мецца-цінта, аквацінта, сухая ігла і інш. Для стварэння рельефа ў гэтых выпадках выкарыстоўваецца або механічны спосаб (разьба іглой, разцом і да т. п.), або хімічны (траўленне кіслатой).

Вядомыя мастакі, якія рабілі рыціны

Літаратура

  • A. Gross (1970). Etching, Engraving, and Intaglio Printing.
  • G. Duplessis (1989). Wonders of Engraving.
  • Гравюры Францыска Скарыны = Гравюры Франциска Скорины / Навук. рэд. А. І. Жураўскі і інш.; Уступ. артыкул Л. Баразны. — Мінск: Беларусь, 1972. — 42с.
  • Агіевіч, Уладзімір Уладзіміравіч. Сімволіка гравюры Скарыны / У. У. Агіевіч; НАН Беларусі. — Мінск: Бел.навука, 1999. — 320с. — ISBN 985-08-0303-7
  • Шматаў, Віктар Федаравіч. Беларуская кніжная гравюра ХУІ-ХУІІІ стагоддзяў / АН БССР,Ін-т маст.,этнаграфіі і фальклору

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