Péta Ostrali
Ostrali (Basa Inggris : Australia ) resminé Pasemakmuran Ostrali ,[ 10] inggih punika silih tunggil negara sané ngacakupin daratan saking benua Ostrali , pulo Tasmania lan makéh pulo alit .[ 11] Ostrali madué total jimbar 7,688,287 km2 (2,968,464 sq mi), manadosang ipun negara pinih linggah kaenem ring jagat lan pinih ageng ring Oséania . Punika benua pinih purwa ring jagat,[ 12] pinih asah,[ 13] lan pinih tuh sané kamenengin,[ 14] [ 15] sareng makudang tanah sané pinih ten lanus.[ 16] [ 17] Punika dados negara megadiverse , lan ukurannyané ngicain karagaman pentang palemahan tur iklim sané jimbar ring sajeroning gurun ring padalaman lan wana sabeh tropis ring selantang pasisi .
Ostrali inggih punika satunggil negara féderal démokrasi parleménter miwah monarki konstitusional sané madaging nem negara wagian miwah dasa wawengkon . Populasinyané langkung saking Pikobet éksprési: Karakter tanda baca "[" tan kauningin. yuta sanget kaurbanisasi lan mapusat ring pasisi kangin.[ 5] [ 18] Canberra inggih punika ibu kota negara ipun, sauntara kota sané pinih akéh populasi ipun inggih punika Sidni lan Melbourne , makakalih madué populasi langkung saking 5 yuta.[ 19] Budaya Ostrali punika maragam,[ 20] saha negara niki madué silih tunggil populasi wargi tamiu sané pinih tegeh ring jagat .[ 21] Punika madué tingkat ekonomi maju lan sinilih tunggil pangupajiwa per kapita pinih tegeh ring jagat .[ 22] [ 23] [ 24] Wit wasa palemahan sané akéh miwah paiketan paadolan internasional sané sampun nglimbak mabuat pisan ring ékonomi negara . Punika peringkat sané tegeh antuk kualitas kauripan, kasehatan, pendidikan, kabébasan ékonomi, kabébasan sipil saha hak politik.[ 25]
Ostrali inggih punika kakuatan tengah , lan madué pamedalan militer sané pinih tegeh kaping telulas ring jagaté. Punika pinaka anggota sekaa internasional rumasuk PBB; G20 ; OECD ; Organisasi Paadolan Jagat ; Kooperasi Ékonomi Asia-Pasifik ; Forum Kapuloan Pasifik ; Komunitas Pasifik ; Pasemakmuran Bangsa-Bangsa ; saha organisasi patahanan miwah kaamanan ANZUS , AUKUS , lan Five Eyes . Puniki taler sekutu utama non-NATO saking Amérika Serikat.[ 26]
Pustaka
↑ "Australian National Anthem" . Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 1 July 2007. "16. Other matters – 16.3 Australian National Anthem" . Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 23 Séptémber 2015."National Symbols" (PDF) . Parliamentary Handbook of the Commonwealth of Australia (PDF) (édisi ka-29th). 2005 [2002]. Kaarsipin saking versi asli (PDF) tanggal 11 Juni 2007. Kaaksés 7 Juni 2007 .
↑ "2016 Census data reveals "no religion" is rising fast" . Australian Bureau of Statistics. Juni 27, 2017. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal Méi 15, 2013.
↑ Cingak éntri ring Kamus Macquarie .
↑ Collins English Dictionary . Bishopbriggs, Glasgow: HarperCollins . 2009. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-00-786171-2 .
↑ 5,0 5,1 "Population clock" . Australian Bureau of Statistics website . Commonwealth of Australia. Kaaksés 24 December 2018 . The population estimate shown is automatically calculated daily at 00:00 UTC and is based on data obtained from the population clock on the date shown in the citation.
↑ Mal:Census 2016 AUS
↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 "Australia" . International Monetary Fund. April 2018. Kaaksés 22 April 2018 .
↑ "26 Australia 0.449 0.328""OECD Economic Surveys: Norway 2012" .
↑ "UN Human Development Indices and Indicators Statistical Update" (PDF) . United Nations Development Programme. 2018.
↑ Undang-Undang Konstitusi Pasemakmuran Ostrali (Imp) 63 & 64 Vict, c 12, s 3 Archived 2024-01-09 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Wawengkon Antartika Ostrali
↑ Korsch RJ.; et al. (2011). "Australian island arcs through time: Geodynamic implications for the Archean and Proterozoic". Gondwana Research . 19 (3): 716–734. Bibcode :2011GondR..19..716K . doi :10.1016/j.gr.2010.11.018 . ISSN 1342-937X .
↑ Macey, Richard (21 January 2005). "Map from above shows Australia is a very flat place" . The Sydney Morning Herald . ISSN 0312-6315 . OCLC 226369741 . Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 10 October 2017. Kaaksés 5 April 2010 .
↑ "The Australian continent" . australia.gov.au . Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 13 March 2020. Kaaksés 13 Agustus 2018 .
↑ "Deserts" . Geoscience Australia . Australian Government. 15 Méi 2014. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 5 Juni 2014. Kaaksés 13 Agustus 2018 .
↑ Kelly, Karina (13 Séptémber 1995). "A Chat with Tim Flannery on Population Control" . Australian Broadcasting Corporation . Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 13 Januari 2010. Kaaksés 23 April 2010 . "Well, Australia has by far the world's least fertile soils".
↑ Grant, Cameron (August 2007). "Damaged Dirt" (PDF) . The Advertiser . Kaarsipin saking versi asli (PDF) tanggal 6 July 2011. Kaaksés 23 April 2010 . Australia has the oldest, most highly weathered soils on the planet.
↑ "Geographic Distribution of the Population" . 24 May 2012. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 14 April 2021. Kaaksés 1 December 2012 .
↑ "Regional population" . Australian Bureau of Statistics . 20 April 2023. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 10 October 2023. Kaaksés 23 April 2023 .
↑ "Culturally and linguistically Diverse Australian" . Australian Government, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare . 2024. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 19 February 2024. Kaaksés 20 February 2024 .
↑ O'Donnell, James (27 November 2023). "Is Australia a cohesive nation?" . ABC Australia . Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 20 February 2024. Kaaksés 21 February 2024 .
↑ "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2015" . International Monetary Fund . 6 September 2015. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 6 September 2015. Kaaksés 1 April 2019 .
↑ "Human Development Report 2021-22" (PDF) . United Nations Development Programme . 2022. Kaarsipin (PDF) saking versi asli tanggal 8 September 2022. Kaaksés 9 September 2022 .
↑ "Australians the world's wealthiest" . The Sydney Morning Herald . 31 October 2011. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 10 July 2014. Kaaksés 24 July 2012 .
↑ "Statistics and rankings" . Global Australia . 18 May 2021. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 28 March 2023. Kaaksés 28 March 2023 .
↑ Rachman, Gideon (13 March 2023). "Aukus, the Anglosphere and the return of great power rivalry" . Financial Times . Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 20 March 2023. Kaaksés 19 March 2023 .
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