Winaq

Winaq
General Secretary	Sonia Gutiérrez Raguay[1]
Founded	February 2007
Legalised	2008[2]
Split from	New Nation Alternative[3]
Headquarters	10 calle 6-81 Zona 1, Ciudad de Guatemala
Ideology	Progressivism[4] Indigenismo[4] Left-wing nationalism[4]
Political position	Left-wing[4]
Regional affiliation	São Paulo Forum
Colors	Red
Congress	1 / 160
Politics of Guatemala Political parties Elections

Winaq (K'iche' for 'people' or 'humanity') is a left-wing political party in Guatemala whose most notable member is Rigoberta Menchú, an ethnic K'iche'. Its roots are in the indigenous communities of Guatemala.^[5][2]

Ideology

In a working paper of a seminar organised by FLACSO Guatemala and the Friedrich Ebert Foundation written in 2007, it was concluded that Winaq had an ambiguous ideology, trying to combine adversarial interests.^[6] Later, after committing to an alliance with other left-wing parties, the party developed a more pronounced left-wing perspective with eco-socialist leanings.^[4][7] The party is known for its political activism to prohibit infrastructure projects that threaten natural goods, especially rivers and water quality.^[8]

History

Formation and early results

In the 2007 general elections, Winaq's pro-formation committee participated with the Encuentro por Guatemala party, nominating Rigoberta Menchú as presidential candidate. The alliance came in seventh place in the presidential elections. The alliance fared slightly better at the legislative elections gathering 6.18% of the national vote and 4 seats. In 2008 the party finally secured enough affiliates to register as a legal party, which was heralded by the Guatemala Times, as “one of the most important steps ever achieved by a Mayan political leader in Guatemala.”^[2]

Entering the Broad Front of the Left coalition

In the 2011 general elections, the Guatemalan left created an alliance called Frente Amplio, made up of the political parties Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca (URNG-MAIZ), Alternativa Nueva Nación (ANN), Winaq and the pro-formation committee of the Movimiento Nueva República (MNR).^[9] Rigoberta Menchú was unanimously proclaimed as presidential candidate and Anibal García as vice presidential candidate. They obtained around 3% of the vote. The party sat in opposition to the Molina government and played a leading role in his eventual resignation, when Congressman Amilcar Pop brought up a lawsuit against Molina on 24 April 2015.^[10] In return the Congressman received multiple death threats for his anti-corruption work in the legislature.^[10]

The coalition was maintained for the elections in 2015, wherein the party ran with Miguel Ángel Sandoval and Mario Ellintong as president and vice-president respectively, receiving about 2% of the vote. In the congressional elections the alliance actually gained votes and gathered 4.36% of the national vote, yet lost 3 mandates in the Congress.

Coalition split

Ahead of the 2019 elections the alliance split up, forcing the party to run on its own. Even so the party was able to muster 3.51% of the vote, granting it 4 seats in the chamber. Its presidential ticket with Manuel Villacorta as head and Izabel Hernández as vice-president reached their best result in party history, coming sixth with 5.27% of the vote. During his presidential campaign Villacorta focused on corruption, the fight against poverty through wealth redistribution and infrastructure development.^[11] After the elections the party largely opposed the government of Giammattei and supported the mining protests occurring in El Estor since October 2021.^[7]

Restored left-wing alliance

On 7 June 2022 party leadership released a statement, concurring with Sandoval's appeal for a new coalition of left-wing forces that can challenge the current governing forces.^[12] Since the current electoral law favours smaller parties, it has not yet been decided what form this new alliance will take.^[13] At the end of January, URNG and Winaq made their renewed alliance public and proclaimed Amílcar Pop and Mónica Enríquez as their presidential ticket for the upcoming elections.^[14] The parties also planned to involve Semilla in their effort to win the mayorship of Guatemala City.^[14] In 2023, presidential candidate Amilcar Pop stated that Winaq does not propose an "ethnocentric or indigenist" government similar to Bolivia.^[15]

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Election	Candidates		First round		Second round		Status
	President	Vice President	Votes	%	Votes	%
2007[a]	Rigoberta Menchú	Luis Fernando Montenegro	100,365	3.06 (#7)	—	—	Lost N
2011[b]		Aníbal García	145,080	3.26 (#6)	—	—	Lost N
2015[c]	Miguel Ángel Sandoval	Mario Ellintong	101,347	2.11 (#11)	—	—	Lost N
2019	Manuel Villacorta	Izabel Hernández	229,362	5.24 (#7)	—	—	Lost N
2023[c]	Amílcar Pop	Mónica Enríquez	87,676	2.09 (#10)	—	—	Lost N

1. Joint ticket with Encuentro por Guatemala.
2. Joint ticket as part of the Broad Front of the Left coalition.
3. Joint ticket with the Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity.

Legislative elections

Election	Votes	%	Seats	+/–	Status
2007[a]	194,809	6.18 (#5)	4 / 158	New	Opposition
2011[b]	143,238	3.27 (#7)	4 / 158	0	Opposition
2015[c]	198,715	4.36 (#9)	1 / 158	3	Opposition
2019	141,252	3.51 (#12)	4 / 160	3	Opposition
2023[c]	133,694	3.21	1 / 160	3	External support

1. Run in coalition with Encuentro por Guatemala.
2. Run as part of the Broad Front of the Left.
3. Run in coalition with Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity.

Notes

References

1. "Reeligen a Sonia Raguay como Secretaria General de Winaq". fger.org (in Spanish). Federación Guatemalteca de Escuelas Radiofónicas. 6 December 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
2. "Guatemala's Neglected Story: Continued Disregard for Indigenous Autonomy". Council on Hemispheric Affairs. 9 June 2009. Retrieved 2 October 2022.
3. "Las "izquierdas" en Guatemala: juntos pero no revueltos". 20 October 2022.
4. "Guatemala | Elecciones 2011" (PDF). Rosa Luxemburg Foundation (in Spanish). 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2023-04-04. Retrieved 2021-10-26.
5. ""Si Guatemala no está preparada para tener un presidente mujer e indígena tendrá que estarlo"". El País. May 10, 2009 – via elpais.com.
6. "Movimiento Winaq, la controversia: ni a la izquierda ni a la derecha" (PDF) (in Spanish). FLACSO Guatemala and Friedrich Ebert Foundation. June 2007. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
7. Austen, Thorben (26 October 2021). "Proteste gegen Nickelmine in Guatemala: Polizeigewalt und Ausnahmezustand in El Estor". amerika21 (in German). Mondial21 e. V. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
8. Rivera, Nelton; Pez, Lencho (21 December 2019). "Fue detenido en Huehuetenango defensor del agua, periodista y miembro de Winaq'". Prensa Comunitaria (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 February 2023.
9. Löding, Torge (September 2011). "Wahlen in Guatemala 2011: Präsident Colom hat sich verrechnet" (PDF). Standpunkte (in German). Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
10. Lopez-Escobar, Lisa (18 June 2015). "COHA Expresses Grave Concern: Death Threats to Guatemalan Congressman Amílcar de Jesús Pop". Council on Hemispheric Affairs. Retrieved 2 December 2022.
11. "Manuel Villacorta ofrece "limpiar" el Ejército y combate a la pobreza". Prensa Libre (in Spanish). 29 March 2019. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
12. "Partido Winaq llama a alianzas para elecciones 2023 en Guatemala". Prensa Latina (in Spanish). 7 June 2022. Retrieved 2 December 2022.
13. "El tablero electoral se configura con impunidad y una clara ventaja para el oficialismo" (in Spanish). Prensa Comunitaria. 22 August 2022. Retrieved 22 August 2022.
14. "URNG y Winaq confirman coalición y proclaman a su binomio presidencial para las Elecciones Generales 2023". Prensa Libre (in Spanish). Prensa Libre, S.A. 29 January 2023. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
15. Demos, Editorial; Servín, Fernando Camacho. "La Jornada - En Guatemala urge reconstruir el modelo de Estado: Amílcar Pop". www.jornada.com.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-10-03.