West Coast Fossil Park

West Coast Fossil Park
Fossils in situ at the West Coast Fossil Park excavations
Fossils in situ at the West Coast Fossil Park excavations
Map
Coordinates32°57′33″S 18°07′02″E / 32.9592°S 18.1172°E / -32.9592; 18.1172
AreaLangebaanweg, Western Cape, South Africa
Created1996
www.fossilpark.org.za

The West Coast Fossil Park is a fossil park near Langebaanweg, Western Cape, South Africa, approximately 150 kilometres (93 mi) north of Cape Town.[1] The fossil sites of Langebaanweg have exceptionally well-preserved remains of fossil fauna that date to circa 5.2 million years ago.[2] In this period, sea levels were higher and many now extinct animals lived in the riverine forests, wooded savanna and along the sea coast near the present day Langebaanweg site. Phosphate mining operations at Langebaanweg uncovered these rich fossil deposits. The fossils include bones of over 200 different animal species. This represents possibly the greatest diversity of five-million-year-old fossils found anywhere in the world.[3] The fossil park was formed after mining operations ceased in 1993.[4] The park is partnered with the Iziko South African Museum.

In 1996, the former National Monuments Council declared the site a national monument.[5] With the introduction of the National Heritage Resources Act in 2000, it became a provincial heritage site and in March 2012 the provincial heritage resources authority, Heritage Western Cape significantly expanded the area that is protected.[6]

Paleobiota of the Langebaanweg fossil site

Genus Species Material Notes Images
Anura gen. nov.[7] 24 ilia A new genus of frog; also known from the Pleistocene site Cooper's Cave D

Enhydriodon[8]

E. hendeyi

A wolf-sized otter, sometimes classified as Sivaoynx hendeyi

Plesiogulo[9]

P. aff. monspessulanus

A leopard-sized mustelid

References

  1. ^ "West Coast Fossil Park website". Iziko Museums of Cape Town. Retrieved 2009-12-06.
  2. ^ Hendey, Q. B. (1982). Langebaanweg: A Record of Past Life. Cape Town: South African Museum. p. 72. ISBN 0868130176.
  3. ^ Haarhoff, Pippa (2007). "The West Coast Fossil Park: Incorporating the Langebaanweg Palaeontological Site". DST Magazine. 5. Pretoria: Department of Science & Technology: 20–21. Archived from the original on 2012-02-14.
  4. ^ "About the West Coast Fossil Park". Iziko Museums of Cape Town. Archived from the original on 2008-04-25. Retrieved 2009-12-06.
  5. ^ Government Notice 17457, 4 October 1996
  6. ^ Provincial Notice 69/2012,Province of the Western Cape Provincial Gazette Extraordinary, No. 606, Cape Town: 23 March 2012
  7. ^ Matthews, Thalassa; Steininger, Christine (2023-09-22). "A new anuran genus from the fossil sites of Langebaanweg and Cooper's Cave, South Africa". African Journal of Herpetology. 72 (2): 163–189. doi:10.1080/21564574.2023.2251502. ISSN 2156-4574. S2CID 262191014.
  8. ^ Pickford, Martin; Soria, Dolore; Morales, Jorge (2005). "Carnivores from the Late Miocene and Basal Pliocene of the Tugen Hills, Kenya". Revista de la Sociedad Geológica de España. 18 (1–2): 39–61.
  9. ^ Valenciano, Alberto; Govender, Romala (2020-06-01). "New insights into the giant mustelids (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from Langebaanweg fossil site (West Coast Fossil Park, South Africa, early Pliocene)". PeerJ. 8: e9221. doi:10.7717/peerj.9221. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 7271888. PMID 32547866.
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