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Weinmannia
	Weinmannia tinctoria
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Oxalidales
Family:	Cunoniaceae
Genus:	Weinmannia; L.
Species
	See text
Synonyms
	Arnoldia Blume; Leiospermum D. Don; Pterophylla D. Don; Windmannia P.Browne;

Weinmannia is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. It contains 90 species, which range from Mexico through Central and South America including the Caribbean, and to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the western Indian Ocean.^[1] It is absent from mainland Africa and Australia, but some fossils have been attributed to Weinmannia in Australia.^[2]

Leaves are simple or pinnate, with a margin usually toothed, and interpetiolar stipules. Flowers are bisexual, white, arranged in racemes. The fruit is a capsule opening vertically from the top to the base. Seeds hairy without wings.

Species

90 species are currently accepted:^[1]

Weinmannia abstrusa J.F.Morales – Honduras
Weinmannia anisophylla Standl. & L.O.Williams – Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras
Weinmannia apurimacensis O.C. Schmidt – southeastern Peru
Weinmannia auriculata D.Don – Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, northwestern Venezuela
- var. bogotensis (Cuatrec.) Bernardi
- var. dryadifolia (Moric. ex Ser.) Bernardi
Weinmannia auriformis Z.S.Rogers – Ecuador
Weinmannia baccariniana Pamp. – Venezuela and Peru
Weinmannia balbisiana Kunth – southeastern Mexico to Bolivia
- var. calothyrsa (Diels) Cuatrec.
Weinmannia bangii (Rusby) Engl. – Peru and Bolivia
Weinmannia boliviensis R.E. Fr. – Bolivia
Weinmannia brachystachya Willd. ex Engl. – Peru and southern Venezuela
Weinmannia bradfordiana Z.S.Rogers – Ecuador
Weinmannia burserifolia Standl. – Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
Weinmannia chryseis Diels – Colombia and Peru
Weinmannia cinerea Ruiz & Pav. – Peru
Weinmannia cochensis Hieron. – Colombia and Ecuador
Weinmannia cogolloi J. F. Morales – Colombia
Weinmannia condorensis Z.S.Rogers – Ecuador
Weinmannia corocoroensis J.Bradford & P.E.Berry – Venezuela
Weinmannia costulata Cuatrec. – southern Ecuador
Weinmannia crassifolia Ruiz & Pav. – Peru and Bolivia
Weinmannia cundinamarcensis Cuatrec. – Colombia, Peru, and western Bolivia
Weinmannia cymbifolia Diels – Peru
Weinmannia davidsonii A.Fuentes & Z.S.Rogers – Bolivia
Weinmannia descendens Diels – northern Peru
Weinmannia discolor Gardner – southeastern and southern Brazil
Weinmannia dzieduszyckii Szyszył. – Peru
Weinmannia elliptica Kunth – Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela
- var. trichocarpa (Pamp.) Bernardi
Weinmannia fagaroides Kunth – Costa Rica to Bolivia
- var. trollii (O.C. Schmidt) Bernardi
Weinmannia geometrica Rusby – Bolivia
Weinmannia glabra L.f. – Mexico to Nicaragua; Ecuador and Peru
Weinmannia glomerata C.Presl – Peru
Weinmannia guyanensis Klotzsch ex Engl. – Guyana and southeastern Venezuela
Weinmannia haenkeana Engl. – Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
Weinmannia heterophylla Ruiz & Pav. – Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
Weinmannia horrida J.F.Morales – Costa Rica and Panama
Weinmannia humilis Engl. – southeastern and southern Brazil
Weinmannia ibaguensis Cuatrec. – Colombia
Weinmannia ilutepuiensis P.E.Berry & J.Bradford – Venezuela
Weinmannia intermedia Schltdl. & Cham. – southern Mexico and Honduras
Weinmannia jahnii Cuatrec. – northwestern Venezuela
Weinmannia jelskii Szyszył. – Ecuador and Peru
Weinmannia karsteniana Szyszył. – Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and northwestern Venezuela
Weinmannia kunthiana D.Don – Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and northwestern Venezuela
Weinmannia lansbergiana Engl. – Peru, northeastern Colombia, and Venezuela
Weinmannia latifolia C.Presl – Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru
Weinmannia laurina Kunth – Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, and Peru
Weinmannia laxiramea Killip & A.C.Sm. – Guyana and southeastern Venezuela
Weinmannia lechleriana Engl. – Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela
Weinmannia lentiscifolia C.Presl – Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela
Weinmannia lopezana Cuatrec. – Colombia
Weinmannia loxensis Harling – Ecuador
Weinmannia lyrata Rusby – Bolivia
Weinmannia machupicchuensis F.Arroyo – Peru
Weinmannia macrophylla Kunth – central Colombia and Ecuador
Weinmannia magnifolia Cuatrec. – Colombia and Ecuador
Weinmannia mariquitae Szyszył. – Colombia and Ecuador
Weinmannia mauritiana D.Don – Mauritius and Réunion
Weinmannia microphylla Ruiz & Pav. – Venezuela, Peru, and Colombia
- var. tenuior (Diels) J.F. Macbr.
Weinmannia multijuga Killip & A.C.Sm. – Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela
Weinmannia organensis Gardner – Peru and southeastern and southern Brazil
Weinmannia ovata Cav. – Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela
Weinmannia oxapampana F.Arroyo – Peru
Weinmannia parvifoliolata Cuatrec. – Colombia
Weinmannia paulliniifolia Pohl ex Ser. – southeastern and southern Brazil
Weinmannia pentaphylla Ruiz & Pav. – Peru
Weinmannia pinnata L. – Caribbean, Central America, Andes, and Brazil
Weinmannia piurensis O.C.Schmidt – Peru
Weinmannia polyphylla Moric. ex DC. – Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
Weinmannia portlandiana R.A. Howard & Proctor – Jamaica
Weinmannia pubescens Kunth – Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela
- var. arcabucoana (Cuatrec.) Bernardi
- var. popayanensis (Hieron.) Killip & A.C. Sm.
Weinmannia reticulata Ruiz & Pav. – Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia
Weinmannia rhoifolia Rusby – Bolivia
Weinmannia rollottii Killip – Andes of Colombia and Ecuador
- var. subvelutina (Cuatrec.) Bernardi
Weinmannia sorbifolia Kunth – Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela
- var. caliana (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
- var. sclerophylla (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Weinmannia spruceana Engl. – Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela
Weinmannia stenocarpa Killip & A.C. Sm. – Ecuador
Weinmannia subsessiliflora Ruiz & Pav. – Colombia, Peru, and west-central Brazil
- var. caquetana (Cuatrec.) Bernardi
Weinmannia ternata Engl. – Peru
Weinmannia testudineata Cuatrec. – northeastern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela
Weinmannia tinctoria Sm. – Mascarene Islands
Weinmannia tolimensis Cuatrec. – Colombia
Weinmannia tomentosa L.f. – Colombia and northwestern Venezuela
Weinmannia trianae Wedd. – Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
Weinmannia trichosperma Cav. – Argentina and Chile
Weinmannia ulei Diels – Northern Peru
Weinmannia vegasana Killip & A.C.Sm. – Colombia
Weinmannia velutina O.C.Schmidt – Peru, Venezuela, Guyana, and northern Brazil
Weinmannia vulcanicola J.F.Morales – Costa Rica
Weinmannia wercklei Standl. – Costa Rica and Panama
Weinmannia yungasensis A.Fuentes & Z.S.Rogers – Bolivia

Taxonomy

Until recently the genus included five sections:^[3]^[4]

Fasciculata (mostly Malesia, from Sumatra to Fiji)
Inspersa (Madagascar)
Leiospermum (mostly Pacific, from Bismarck archipelago to the Marquesas)
Spicata (Madagascar and Comores)
Weinmannia (Central and South America, Mascarenes)

A phylogenomic study by Pillon et al. (2021) concluded that Weinmannia was paraphyletic, and formed two distinct clades. The species belonging to the four Old World sections – Fasciculatae, Inspersae, Spicatae, and Leiospermum – formed a monophyletic group, which is sister to the Old World (mostly New Caledonian) genera Cunonia and Pancheria. Section Weinmannia, which includes species from the Americas and the Mascarene Islands, is sister to the Old World assemblage. They proposed placing the four Old World sections into the revived genus Pterophylla, with genus Weinmannia limited to the American and Mascarene species in section Weinmannia.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Weinmannia L. Plants of the World Online, Kew Science. Accessed 14 April 2023.
^ Barnes, R.W., Hill, R.S. & Bradford, J.C. (2001) The history of Cunoniaceae in Australia from macrofossil evidence. Australian Journal of Botany 49: 301‑20.
^ Bradford, J.C. (1998) A cladisitc analysis of species groups in Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae) based on morphology and inflorescence structure. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 85 (4): 565‑93.
^ ^a ^b Pillon, Y., H. C. F. Hopkins, O. Maurin, N. Epitawalage, J. Bradford, Z. S. Rogers, W. J. Baker, and F. Forest. 2021. Phylogenomics and biogeography of Cunoniaceae (Oxalidales) with complete generic sampling and taxonomic realignments. American Journal of Botany 108(7): 1181–1200.