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The course starts with two years of scientific studies at the end of which students spend a national contest to enter into a veterinary school, where studies will then continue over five years.
France was the first country where the teaching of veterinary medicine has become institutionalized, through the establishment of the first veterinary schools in the eighteenth century.
Veterinary Doctorate State Diploma (Diplôme d'Etat de docteur vétérinaire (DEV)) education
Preliminary studies and preparation
The entry into a veterinary school is possible via a nationwide contest accessible after two years of preliminary undergraduate scientific studies, which number of places is about 550 per year (the exact number is set each year by the French ministry of Agriculture). The contest is organized by the department of agronomic and veterinary contests.
The number of attempts to the contest is limited to two per person, across all entryways.
There are five possible contests after which admitted students formulate their integration vows in the four schools by order of preference, places are then filled by order of merit.
Preparatory class BCPST
This classe préparatoire aux grands écoles, BCPST pathway (standing for biology, chemistry, physics and earth science), is open to students with a scientific baccalauréat, and allows to attempt the A BCPST contest. This preparation is accessible after a selection based on application which take into account the school reports of the two last years of high school.
These two years of preparatory class are not specific to the education of veterinarians, indeed they also allows to attempt other contests to enter into agri-food, horticulture, geology, chemistry, and physics engineering schools, as well as into the écoles normales supérieures (in biology and geology pathways). All students therefore receive extensive training in various fields, which may not be directly related to veterinary medicine, such as plant biology, physics, chemistry, geology, and mathematics.
The only existing classification of these schools is given indirectly by the rank of the last called at the end of the entrance examination. This ranking reflects only the popularity of schools among students passing the examination, it may be consistent with reality or not. Schools of Lyon and Alfort are thus often the two schools that enjoy greater prestige among these students. This prestige can be explained by the age of these schools which were founded in the eighteenth century, as opposed to schools of Toulouse and Nantes, newer and therefore that have less impregnated collective imagination.
The duration of studies in veterinary school is 5 years.
Core curriculum
Basic training lasts 4 years divided into 8 semesters. The first 3 years are rather theoretical, the fourth year is more clinical. This common core ends with the veterinary fundamental studies degree (DEFV), a diploma giving the master's degree.
During the fourth year, students perform clinical rotations in different departments of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at their school.
In-depth study
The fifth year is a year of deepening that allows students to learn more about a particular subject. This deepening year should not be confused with a specialization, which comes after the seven years of study leading to the Veterinary Doctorate State Diploma (Diplôme d'Etat de docteur vétérinaire (DEV)). There are deepening in clinical pathways and in non-clinical pathways.
Specialization
Internship
Residence
History
Eighteenth century
King Council decision that allows the Veterinary School of Lyon to take the title of Royal Veterinary School
Claude Bourgelat is considered the founder of scientific veterinary medicine in France and around the world.[1] By his willingness to provide instruction to blacksmiths, who were until then the only people to treat diseases of domestic animals, he was at the origin of the training of veterinarians in France.
