Tongren, Qinghai

Tongren
同仁市 · ཐུང་རིན་གྲོང་ཁྱེར།
Rebgong
County-level city
Tongren from above
Tongren from above
Tongren (light red) within Huangnan Prefecture (yellow) and Qinghai
Tongren (light red) within Huangnan Prefecture (yellow) and Qinghai
Tongren is located in Qinghai
Tongren
Tongren
Location of the seat in Qinghai
Coordinates (Tongren County government): 35°30′58″N 102°01′06″E / 35.5161°N 102.0183°E / 35.5161; 102.0183
CountryChina
ProvinceQinghai
Autonomous prefectureHuangnan
Municipal seatLongwu (Rongwo)
Area
 • Total
3,275 km2 (1,264 sq mi)
Elevation
2,480 m (8,140 ft)
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total
101,519
 • Density31/km2 (80/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
811399
Area code0973
Websitewww.hntongren.gov.cn
Tongren, Qinghai
Chinese name
Chinese同仁市
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinTóngrén Shì
Tibetan name
Tibetanཐུན་རིན་གྲོང་ཁྱེར། or རེབ་གོང་གྲོང་ཁྱེར།
Transcriptions
Wyliethun rin grong khyer or reb gong grong khyer

Tongren (Tibetan: ཐུན་རིན་, Wylie: thun rin; Chinese: 同仁; pinyin: Tóngrén), known to Tibetans as Rebgong (Tibetan: རེབ་གོང་, རེབ་ཀོང་ or རེབ་སྐོང་)[2] in the historic region of Amdo, is the capital and second smallest administrative subdivision by area within Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai, China.

The city has an area of 3465 square kilometers and a population of ~80,000 (2002), 75% Tibetan. The economy of the city includes agriculture and aluminium mining.

Administrative divisions

Tongren is made up of 3 towns and 8 townships:

Name Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Tibetan Wylie Administrative division code
Towns
Longwu Town
(Rongwo Town) 		隆务镇 Lóngwù Zhèn རོང་བོ་གྲོང་རྡལ། rong bo grong rdal 632301100
Bao'an Town
(Tokya Town) 		保安镇 Bǎo'ān Zhèn ཐོ་ཀྱཱ་གྲོང་རྡལ། tho kyā grong rdal 632301101
Dowa Town 多哇镇 Duōwā Zhèn མདོ་བ་གྲོང་རྡལ། mdo ba grong rdal 632301102
Townships
Lancai Township
(Loinqê Township) 		兰采乡 Láncǎi Xiāng བློན་ཆོས་ཞང་། blon chos zhang 632301200
Shuangpengxi Township
(Xo'ongjê Township) 		双朋西乡 Shuāngpéngxī Xiāng ཞོ་འོང་དཔྱེལ་ཞང་། zho 'ong dpyel zhang 632301201
Zainmo Township
(Zhamao Township) 		扎毛乡 Zhāmáo Xiāng བཙན་མོ་ཞང་། btsan mo zhang 632301202
Hornag Township
(Huangnaihai Township) 		黄乃亥乡 Huángnǎihài Xiāng ཧོར་ནག་ཞང་། hor nag zhang 632301203
Qokog Township
(Qukuhu Township) 		曲库乎乡 Qǔkùhū Xiāng ཆུ་ཁོག་ཞང་། chu khog zhang 632301204
Nyaintog Township
(Nianduhu Township) 		年都乎乡 Niándūhū Xiāng གཉན་ཐོག་ཞང་། gnyan thog zhang 632301205
Garzê Township
(Guashize Township) 		瓜什则乡 Guāshízé Xiāng འགར་རྩེ་ཞང་། 'gar rtse zhang 632301206
Gyaiwo Township
(Jiawu Township) 		加吾乡 Jiāwú Xiāng རྒྱལ་བོ་ཞང་། rgyal bo zhang 632301207

Demographics and languages

The Amdo Tibetan is the lingua franca of Tongren and the surrounding region, which is populated by Tibetan and Hui people, as well as some Han Chinese and Mongols.[3]

The Wutun language, a Chinese-Bonan-Tibetan mixed language, is spoken by some 2,000 people in the two villages of Upper and Lower Wutun, located on the eastern bank of the Rongwo River.[3]

Culture

The city has a number of Tibetan Buddhist temples and gompas, including the large and significant Rongwo Monastery of the Gelug school. It is known as a center of thangka painting. Regong arts were named on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists in 2009.

In October, 2010 there were reports of large demonstrations in Tongren by Tibetan students who reportedly shouted the slogans, “equality of ethnic groups” and “freedom of language."[4]

Climate

Tongren has a highland humid continental climate (Köppen Dwb).

Climate data for Tongren, elevation 2,475 m (8,120 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 15.1
(59.2) 		21.6
(70.9) 		27.0
(80.6) 		32.7
(90.9) 		30.9
(87.6) 		31.3
(88.3) 		35.0
(95.0) 		34.2
(93.6) 		32.5
(90.5) 		23.4
(74.1) 		19.8
(67.6) 		13.9
(57.0) 		35.0
(95.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1.5
(34.7) 		5.5
(41.9) 		11.0
(51.8) 		16.4
(61.5) 		19.3
(66.7) 		22.0
(71.6) 		24.1
(75.4) 		23.7
(74.7) 		19.0
(66.2) 		14.0
(57.2) 		8.5
(47.3) 		3.0
(37.4) 		14.0
(57.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −6.1
(21.0) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		2.9
(37.2) 		8.5
(47.3) 		12.2
(54.0) 		15.3
(59.5) 		17.4
(63.3) 		16.7
(62.1) 		12.5
(54.5) 		6.8
(44.2) 		0.6
(33.1) 		−4.7
(23.5) 		6.6
(43.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −11.6
(11.1) 		−8.4
(16.9) 		−3.1
(26.4) 		2.1
(35.8) 		6.3
(43.3) 		9.9
(49.8) 		12.0
(53.6) 		11.5
(52.7) 		8.1
(46.6) 		1.9
(35.4) 		−4.7
(23.5) 		−10.1
(13.8) 		1.2
(34.1)
Record low °C (°F) −22.6
(−8.7) 		−19.5
(−3.1) 		−15.0
(5.0) 		−9.3
(15.3) 		−3.7
(25.3) 		1.2
(34.2) 		4.3
(39.7) 		2.3
(36.1) 		−0.9
(30.4) 		−10.5
(13.1) 		−16.4
(2.5) 		−21.5
(−6.7) 		−22.6
(−8.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 2.8
(0.11) 		4.2
(0.17) 		10.5
(0.41) 		24.5
(0.96) 		56.9
(2.24) 		59.4
(2.34) 		84.3
(3.32) 		77.8
(3.06) 		68.6
(2.70) 		25.4
(1.00) 		4.1
(0.16) 		1.0
(0.04) 		419.5
(16.51)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 3 3.3 5.2 7.8 12.8 15.1 16.0 13.9 14.3 8.5 2.4 1.3 103.6
Average snowy days 4.4 5.3 6.7 3.7 0.8 0 0 0 0.1 2.4 3.2 2.4 29
Average relative humidity (%) 41 41 42 45 53 60 64 65 68 61 48 41 52
Mean monthly sunshine hours 205.4 197.1 219.9 228.2 220.8 203.3 219.3 210.0 172.0 197.1 210.6 211.9 2,495.6
Percent possible sunshine 66 63 59 58 51 47 50 51 47 57 69 70 57
Source: China Meteorological Administration[5][6]

See also

References

  1. ^ "黄南州第七次全国人口普查公报（第二号）——县级常住人口情况" (in Chinese). Government of Huangnan Prefecture. 2021-07-01.
  2. ^ "China Adds to Security Forces in Tibet Amid Calls for a Boycott" article by Edward Wong in The New York Times Feb. 18, 2009, accessed October 21, 2010
  3. ^ a b Lee-Smith, Mei W.; Wurm, Stephen A. (1996), "The Wutun language", in Wurm, Stephen A.; Mühlhäusler, Peter; Tyron, Darrell T. (eds.), Atlas of languages of intercultural communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas, Volume 2, Part 1. (Volume 13 of Trends in Linguistics, Documentation Series)., Walter de Gruyter, p. 883, ISBN 3-11-013417-9, International Council for Philosophy and Humanistic Studies
  4. ^ "China: Tibetan Students March To Protest Education Policies" article by Edward Wong in The New York Times October 21, 2010, accessed October 21, 2010
  5. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  6. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
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