The Special Purpose Command (Komandovaniye Spetsialnogo Naznacheniya) was a formation of the Russian Air Force, the strongest among the tactical aviation and anti-aircraft groupings. Its zone of responsibility amounted to 1.3 million km2, taking in 40 million people, as well as the country's capital, Moscow. On July 1, 2009 it was superseded by the Operational-Strategic Command for Air-Space Defence (ru:Объединённое стратегическое командование воздушно-космической обороны).[1]
As a result of the air force reforms implemented on June 1, 1998, the Moscow Air Defence District of the PVO and the 16th Air Army of the VVS became a single entity, the Moscow District of the Air Force and Air Defense. According to Krasnaya Zvezda of 16 December 2002, the former Moscow District of the VVS and PVO was reorganised as the Special Purpose Command in September 2002.[2] Interfax says the Moscow District was split into the reactivated 16th Air Army, a tactical force, and the Central Air Defence Zone, an air defense force.[3]
Pyotr Butowski, writing in 2004, seems to indicate that the Special Purpose Command (he makes no mention of ‘the Central Air Defence Zone’) is merely essentially a redesignation of the former Moscow District. The rearrangement of the Moscow District of the VVS and PVO into the Special Purpose Command is apparently connected with plans in the long term for the military-space defense of the central industrial region.
The initial commanding officer of the KSpN was General Lieutenant Yuri Solovyov, later promoted to Colonel-General.
440th Independent Helicopter Regiment for battle control – Vyazma Airport – Mi-24, Mi-8
490th Independent Helicopter Regiment for battle control – Klokovo (4 km north of Tula) – Mi-24, Mi-8;
865th Reserve Helicopter Base – Protasovo/Aleksandrovo, near Ryazan
2011 structure
In 2009 the Russian Air Force was extensively reorganised. Combat Aircraft magazine's June 2010 issue gives some details of the new structure.
The Special Purpose Command was reorganised and renamed in 2011, and then in 2015. On December 1, 2011, a new type of troops were created - the Russian Aerospace Defense Forces (VVKO), and the headquarters of the Order of Lenin Operational-Strategic command of Aerospace Defence was reorganized into the Order of Lenin Air and Missile Defence Command with its headquarters in the city of Balashikha, Moscow Oblast.
In 2013, the 93rd anti-aircraft rocket regiment (ZRP) of the 4th air defence brigade was re-equipped with the S-400 Triumf air defense system, the 108th air defense rocket regiment of the 6th air defence brigade was re-equipped with the S-300PM1 air defence system, the supply of combat vehicles ZRPK "Shell -S" to the military units of the ZRV command.
In 2014, measures were taken to re-equip the 549th Anti-Aircraft Rocket Regiment of the 5th Air Defence Brigade with the S-400 Triumph air defense system, the radio engineering troops (RTV) units continued to be equipped with promising radar stations (radar) of the Nebo, Podlet, Kasta types ”, “VVO”, “Sopka”, “Update”, etc., were supplied to the troops with automated control systems and new generation communications.
^An earlier report at www8.brinkster.com had said the 9th PVO Division's 606th Guards Air Defence Missile Regiment at Elektrostal had the S-400, though this now has been changed.
Woezik, Rene van, and Lok, Joris Janssen, "Working up to leaving: despite withdrawal, the Soviet Air Force in Germany is being modernised", Jane's Defence Weekly, Vol. 16, No. 10, Sept 7, 1991 p415(2) (ISSN0265-3818) Jane's Information Group.
