Santísima Trinidad was a galleon destined for merchant shipping between the Philippines and México. Launched in 1751, she was one of the largest Manila galleons built. Officially named Santísima Trinidad y Nuestra Señora del Buen Fin, and familiarly known as The Mighty (Spanish: El Poderoso), she is not to be confused with the ship-of-the-line the Nuestra Señora de la Santísima Trinidad, the largest warship in the world when launched in 1759.
Construction
Armed with 60 guns, her keel was laid in Bagatao Island shipyard (Real Astillero) Sorsogon in 1751 with a carrying capacity of 2,000 tons. With a length of 167 feet and a beam of 50 feet, she was "one of the largest galleons ever built in the Philippines," able to carry 5,068 crates of cargo.[1]: 213 Orders came from the Governor-General of the Philippines Don Francisco José de Ovando, 1st Marquis of Brindisi. Her large volume and some construction errors made modifications necessary in 1757 to reduce her displacement.
Voyage of 1755
Manila-Accapulco galleon trade route, showing onward route to Spain
In 1755, the Santísima Trinidad, steered by French pilot Antoine Lemaire de Boucourt, made a bad voyage from Manila to Acapulco which lasted 221 days and is said to be the third longest in the history of the line; it started on 23d of July, 1755, with 435 persons on board, of whom 74 died on the way, by tabardillo, a kind of typhus, and/or by lack of water (rainfall). Among the victims were former Governor General of the PhilippinesMarquis Ovando and his young son, who was only eight days old. The voyage ended in Acapulco, after a long stop in San José del Cabo, on 27 February 1756.[2]
On 3 Sept. 1762 she departed from Cavite towards Acapulco, but due to a severe storm near the Marianas, she lost a mast. The captain decided to return to the Philippines for repair, unaware that Manila had fallen into British hands after the Battle of Manila.[1]
The ship was intercepted by Edgar-classfourth-rate 60-gun HMS Panther under captain Hyde Parker and the Coventry-classsixth-rateHMS Argo of 28 guns under Richard King. Panther opened fire, but did little damage to her thick wooden hull and caused few casualties. Nevertheless, the disheartened crew of Santísima Trinidad decided to surrender. On board was cargo valued at $1.5 million, besides the value of the ship at $3 million. Previously, Filipina had been captured with her cargo of American silver from Acapulco.[3]
The ship was taken to Portsmouth, where her sale earned the two captains 30,000 pounds, a fortune at that time. It is not known what happened to the ship after the sale but she was probably scrapped.
^ abFish, Shirley (2011). The Manila-Acapulco Galleons: The Treasure Ships of the Pacific. AuthorHouse. p. 216. ISBN9781456775421.
^José María Silos Rodríguez: El viaje de 1755 del galeón Santisima Trinidad. In: Revista de Historia Naval 88 (2005), S.57-82- The author reads the pilot's name differently, obviously wrong; see Schurz, Manila Galleon (1959), p.208.
^Tracy, Nicholas (1995). Manila Ransomed. University of Exeter Press. pp. 75–76. ISBN0859894266.
Sources
Marley, David F (1991). The Last Manila Galleon. Warship 1991. London, UK: Conway Maritime Press.
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