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Spallumcheen
Spallumcheen
District municipality
	The Corporation of the Township of Spallumcheen
	Spallumcheen Location of Spallumcheen in British Columbia
	Coordinates: 50°26′N 119°13′W / 50.433°N 119.217°W
Country	Canada
Province	British Columbia
Regional district	North Okanagan
Incorporated	1892
Area
• Total	255.77 km2 (98.75 sq mi)
Population (2011)
• Total	5,055
• Density	20/km2 (51/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC-8 (PST)
Website	www.spallumcheentwp.bc.ca

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1921	523	—
1931	1,629	+211.5%
1941	1,805	+10.8%
1951	1,936	+7.3%
1956	1,937	+0.1%
1961	2,123	+9.6%
1966	2,076	−2.2%
1971	2,302	+10.9%
1976	3,378	+46.7%
1981	4,213	+24.7%
1986	4,310	+2.3%
1991	4,719	+9.5%
1996	5,322	+12.8%
2001	5,134	−3.5%
2006	4,960	−3.4%
2011	5,055	+1.9%
Sources: Statistics Canada^[2]

Spallumcheen is a district municipality in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Located in the Okanagan region between Vernon and Enderby, the township had a population of 5,055 and land area of 255.77 square kilometres (98.75 sq mi) in the Canada 2011 Census.^[3] The district, whose official name is the Township of Spallumcheen and which is the oldest rural municipality in the British Columbia Interior (incorporated in 1892),^[4] consists primarily of agricultural land surrounding the separately incorporated City of Armstrong. Both Spallumcheen and Armstrong are member municipalities of the Regional District of North Okanagan.

Etymology

The name is derived from a Shuswap language word, either "spil-a-mi-shine" meaning "flat mouth", or "spal-lum-shin" meaning "meadow flat". Another word, spalmtsin, which has an Okanagan language cognate spelemtsin, means "flat area along edge". Other variations include Spellmacheen and Spallamcheen, which were the original names used for the Shuswap River, which exits the Shuswap Highland in this area and heads north to Mara and Shuswap Lakes. The same word is the source of the name of the Spillimacheen River and the settlement of the same name in the Columbia Valley.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Spallumcheen had a population of 5,307 living in 2,036 of its 2,099 total private dwellings, a change of 3.9% from its 2016 population of 5,106. With a land area of 254.92 km² (98.43 sq mi), it had a population density of 20.8/km² (53.9/sq mi) in 2021.^[9]

Ethnicity

Panethnic groups in the District of Spallumcheen (2001−2021)
Panethnic group	2021^[10]		2016^[11]		2011^[12]		2006^[13]		2001^[14]
Panethnic group	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
European^[a]	4,915	92.65%	4,720	92.55%	4,690	92.96%	4,690	94.56%	4,790	93.37%
Indigenous	310	5.84%	275	5.39%	320	6.34%	220	4.44%	240	4.68%
East Asian^[b]	30	0.57%	40	0.78%	40	0.79%	20	0.4%	50	0.97%
Southeast Asian^[c]	20	0.38%	35	0.69%	0	0%	10	0.2%	15	0.29%
African	15	0.28%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
South Asian	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	30	0.6%	10	0.19%
Latin American	0	0%	10	0.2%	0	0%	0	0%	20	0.39%
Middle Eastern^[d]	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
Other/Multiracial^[e]	0	0%	20	0.39%	0	0%	10	0.2%	10	0.19%
Total responses	5,305	99.96%	5,100	99.88%	5,045	100.1%	4,960	100%	5,130	99.92%
Total population	5,307	100%	5,106	100%	5,040	100%	4,960	100%	5,134	100%
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses

Religion

According to the 2021 census, religious groups in Spallumcheen included:^[10]

Irreligion (2,925 persons or 55.1%)
Christianity (2,315 persons or 43.6%)
- Catholic (345 persons or 6.5%)
- United Church (215 persons or 4.1%)
- Baptist (135 persons or 2.5%)
- Reformed (110 persons or 2.1%)
- Anabaptist (65 persons or 1.2%)
- Lutheran (65 persons or 1.2%)
- Other Christian (1,380 persons or 26.0%)
Other (50 persons or 0.9%)

Notes

^ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
^ Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
^ Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
^ Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
^ Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.

References

"Spallumcheen (district municipality)". BC Geographical Names.

^ "British Columbia Regional Districts, Municipalities, Corporate Name, Date of Incorporation and Postal Address" (XLS). British Columbia Ministry of Communities, Sport and Cultural Development. Retrieved November 2, 2014.
^ "British Columbia – Municipal Census Populations (1921–2011)". BC Stats. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
^ "Census subdivision of Spallumcheen, DM – British Columbia". Statistics Canada. Retrieved March 12, 2013.
^ "British Columbia Regional Districts, Municipalities, Corporate Name, Date of Incorporation and Postal Address" (XLS). British Columbia Ministry of Communities, Sport and Cultural Development. Retrieved December 8, 2012.
^ Geological Survey of Canada Report 1877-78, by G.M. Dawson
^ Claudet's Report of his trip to Cherry Creek in 1867, refers to the river as "Spellmacheen". (12th Report of the Geographic Board of Canada, 1948, citing G.M. Dawson's 1877-78 Geological Survey Report, p.27B
^ Dawson, "Shuswap", 43; Ok, 6:136-138, 10:66).
^ Akrigg, Helen B. and Akrigg, G.P.V; British Columbia Place Names; Sono Nis Press, Victoria 1986 /or University of British Columbia Press 1997
^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), British Columbia". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
^ ^a ^b Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2022-10-26). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-11-11.
^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2021-10-27). "Census Profile, 2016 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-14.
^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2015-11-27). "NHS Profile". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-14.
^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-08-20). "2006 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-14.
^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-07-02). "2001 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-14.