The Scattering Experiments Chamber (SEC) experiment is a permanent experimental setup located in the ISOLDE facility at CERN. The station facilitates diversified reaction experiments, especially for studying low-lying resonances in light atomic nuclei via transfer reactions.[1] SEC does not detect gamma radiation, and therefore is complementary to the ISOLDE Solenoidal Spectrometer (ISS) and Miniball experiments.[2]
Experimental setup
The SEC experiment uses radioactive ion beams from ISOLDE, at the end of XT03 beamline of the HIE-ISOLDE facility.[3] The ion beam first passes through a collimator, of 15 mm aperture, surrounded by 4 silicon detectors, designed for beam optimisation.[4]
The SEC chamber has a diameter of 1 m and height of 50 cm, with the reaction target placed in the centre on a motorised target holder. The target holder has the space for four targets, and each target can be moved in place via remote control. The reaction target is surrounded by double-sided silicon strip detectors (DSSSD) which are positioned so that the angular coverage is optimised, depending on the experiment.[5] DSSSDs allow for efficient detection of all emitted particles in the reaction.[6] The main support for the detector is a circular movable table which has radially arranged holes at the centre.[4]
GLORIA
GLORIA (GLObal ReactIon Array) is a configuration used in SEC to measure fragments produced in reactions. It consists of six silicon telescopes, which surround a certain scattering angle of the reaction target (from 15° to 160°.[7][8] GLORIA was designed to have a compact geometry with the ability to resolve mass and ion charge up to carbon isotopes, due to the two-stage DSSD telescopes.[8]
SAND
The SAND array is used at the scattering chamber SEC, for the detection of charged particles and neutrons.[9] The array consists of 30 modules, each being a plastic scintillator with fast photomultiplier tubes. The array can be moved to bring it closer to the target.[10]
^Martel, I; Tengblad, O; Cederkall, J (29 Apr 2019). "Physics at ISOLDE with SEC"(PDF). indico.cern. Retrieved 3 Aug 2023.
^Sparta, Roberta; Figuera, P.; Pietro, A. di; Tengblad, Olof; Fernández-García, J. P.; Acosta-Sánchez, Luis Armando; Bjorn, Jonson; García Borge, María José; Bruni, Giovanni; Davison, Thomas; Ovejas, J. D.; Fraile, Luis M.; Galaviz, D.; Halkjaer Jensen, Jesper; La Cognata, Marco (2019-12-05). "Elastic scattering of p-halo 8B beam close to the Coulomb barrier". Comunicaciones Congresos.
^Fynbo, H. O. U.; Diget, C. Aa.; Prezado, Y.; Äystö, J.; Bergmann, U. C.; Cederkäll, J.; Dendooven, P.; Fraile, L. M.; Franchoo, S.; Fulton, B. R.; Huang, W.; Huikari, J.; Jeppesen, H.; Jokinen, A.; Jonson, B. (2004-06-28). "News on 12C from β-decay studies". Nuclear Physics A. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Clustering Aspects of Nuclear Structure and Dynamics. 738: 59–65. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.04.012. ISSN0375-9474.
^Gupta, D; Kundalia, K; Ali, Sk M; Maity, S; Mitra, R; Saha, Swapan K; Tengblad, O; Tavora, V G; Perea, A; Borge, M J G; Martel, I; Cederkall, J; Chishti, M; Park, J; Moro, A M (26 Sep 2022). "Breakup of 9Li to study the 8Li(n,γ) reaction"(PDF). Proposal to the ISOLDE and Neutron Time-of-Flight Committee.
^Borge, M J G; Briz, J A; Cederkall, J; De Angelis, G; Figuera, P P; Fraile, L M; Fynbo, H O U; Gad, A; Heinz, A; Holl, M; Jensen, E; Johansen, J G; Johansson, H T; Jonson, B; et al. (6 Jan 2021). "Reaction studies with neutron-rich light nuclei at the upgraded SEC Device"(PDF). Proposal to the ISOLDE and Neutron Time-of-Flight Committee.