Sáros County

Sáros County
Comitatus Sarossiensis (Latin)
Sáros vármegye (Hungarian)
Komitat Scharosch (German)
Šarišská župa (Slovak)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
13th century–1920
Coat of arms of Sáros
Coat of arms

CapitalEperjes
Area
 • Coordinates49°0′N 21°14′E / 49.000°N 21.233°E / 49.000; 21.233
 
• 1910
3,652 km2 (1,410 sq mi)
Population 
• 1910
174,600
History 
• Established
13th century
• Treaty of Trianon
4 June 1920
Today part ofSlovakia
Prešov is the current name of the capital.

Sáros (-Hungarian, Slovak: Šariš, Latin: comitatus Sarossiensis, German: Scharosch) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in northeastern Slovakia. Today, Šariš is only an informal designation of the corresponding territory.

Geography

Map of Sáros county in the Kingdom of Hungary (1891)
Map of Sáros, 1891.

Sáros county shared borders with the Austrian crownland Galicia and the Hungarian counties Szepes, Abaúj-Torna and Zemplén. It was situated between the Levoča Hills (i.e., Szepesség (Spiš)), Kassa and Felső-Szvidnyik. The river Tarca flowed through the county. Its area was 3,652 km2 around 1910.

Capitals

The capital of Sáros county was Sáros Castle. After various other towns, since 1647 the capital has been Prešov.

Former county of Sáros superimposed on map of contemporary Slovakia.

History

Sáros county was created in the 13th century from the comitatus Novi Castri (Újvár County, named after Novum Castrum, today Abaújvár) which included also the territories of the later counties of Abaúj and Heves.

In the aftermath of World War I, all of Sáros county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia, as recognized by the concerned states in the 1920 Treaty of Trianon. During World War II, when Czechoslovakia was divided, Šariš became part of the First Slovak Republic. Since 1993, Šariš has been part of Slovakia, located in the Prešov Region. Historically a prosperous region, it is nowadays relatively poor.

Demographics

Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description).
Population by mother tongue[a]
Census Total Slovak Ruthenian Hungarian German Other or unknown
1880[1] 168,013 115,470 (70.84%) 30,898 (18.96%) 4,226 (2.59%) 10,699 (6.56%) 1,706 (1.05%)
1890[2] 168,021 112,331 (66.86%) 35,019 (20.84%) 5,708 (3.40%) 11,811 (7.03%) 3,152 (1.88%)
1900[3] 174,470 115,141 (65.99%) 33,988 (19.48%) 10,926 (6.26%) 10,886 (6.24%) 3,529 (2.02%)
1910[4] 174,620 101,855 (58.33%) 38,500 (22.05%) 18,088 (10.36%) 9,447 (5.41%) 6,730 (3.85%)
Population by religion[b]
Census Total Roman Catholic Greek Catholic Lutheran Jewish Other or unknown
1880 168,013 88,828 (52.87%) 51,361 (30.57%) 14,741 (8.77%) 12,735 (7.58%) 348 (0.21%)
1890 168,021 89,805 (53.45%) 51,855 (30.86%) 14,267 (8.49%) 11,822 (7.04%) 272 (0.16%)
1900 174,470 93,753 (53.74%) 53,434 (30.63%) 14,494 (8.31%) 12,262 (7.03%) 527 (0.30%)
1910 174,620 94,223 (53.96%) 52,938 (30.32%) 14,224 (8.15%) 12,323 (7.06%) 912 (0.52%)

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Sáros county were:

Districts (járás)
District Capital
  Bártfa Bártfa (now Bardejov)
  Eperjes Eperjes (now Prešov)
  Felsővízköz Felsővízköz (now Svidník)
  Girált Girált (now Giraltovce)
  Héthárs Héthárs (now Lipany)
  Kisszeben Kisszeben (now Sabinov)
  Lemes Lemes (now Lemešany)
  Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)
Bártfa (now Bardejov)
Eperjes (now Prešov)
Kisszeben (now Sabinov)

Notes

  1. ^ Only linguistic communities > 1% are displayed.
  2. ^ Only religious communities > 1% are displayed.

References

  1. ^ "Az 1881. év elején végrehajtott népszámlálás főbb eredményei megyék és községek szerint rendezve, II. kötet (1882)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
  2. ^ "A Magyar Korona országainak helységnévtára (1892)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  3. ^ "A MAGYAR KORONA ORSZÁGAINAK 1900". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  4. ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.