The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters (Danish: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab, DKNVS) is a Norwegianlearned society based in Trondheim. It was founded in 1760 and is Norway's oldest scientific and scholarly institution. The society's Protector is King Harald V of Norway. Its membership consists of no more than 435 members elected for life among the country's most prominent scholars and scientists.
The society’s Danish name predates both written standards for Norwegian and has remained unchanged after Norway’s independence from Denmark in 1814 and the spelling reforms of the 20th century.
History
DKNVS was founded in 1760 by the bishop of NidarosJohan Ernst Gunnerus, headmaster at the Trondheim Cathedral SchoolGerhard Schøning and Councillor of State Peter Frederik Suhm under the name Det Trondhiemske Selskab (the Trondheim Society). From 1761 it published academic papers in a series titled Skrifter. It was the northernmost learned society in the world, and was established in a time when Norway did not have universities or colleges.[1][2]
It received the royal affirmation of its statutes on 17 July 1767,[3] and was given its present name at a ceremony on 29 January 1788, king Christian VII of Denmark's birthday.[4] In 1771, when Johann Friedrich Struensee took over the de facto rule of Denmark-Norway, Johan Ernst Gunnerus was summoned to Copenhagen, where he was given the mission to establish a university in Norway. Gunnerus did not suggest that the university be established in Trondhjem, but in southern Christianssand (Kristiansand), due to its proximity to Jutland. If this happened, he would have the Society of Sciences and Letters moved to Christianssand, to correspond with the new university. However, the plan was never carried out. Struensee's reign ended in 1772, but he reportedly dismissed the plan before this.[1] (Kristiansand got its university in 2007.[5])
The society was housed in the premises of Trondheim Cathedral School until 1866, when it acquired its own localities.[4] Since 1903 its main task was to run a museum. In 1926 there was a split in which the museum became a separate entity, receiving the assets of the learned society. Also in 1926, another publication series Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab Forhandlinger was inaugurated.[4] Ownership of the museum was transferred to the University of Trondheim in 1968,[6] today the Norwegian University of Science and Technology,[3] but DKNVS re-received some assets in a 1984 reorganization, and now controls these assets through the foundation DKNVSS.[6]
A history of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters was written in 1960 by Hans Midbøe, and released in two volumes.[7]
In connection with the 250th anniversary of the Society, Håkon With Andersen, Brita Brenna, Magne Njåstad, and Astrid Wale wrote an updated history.[8]
Also, Arild Stubhaug wrote a shorter history, prepared for a general audience.[9]
Organisation
The board of directors consists of seven people, five men and two women. It is led by praeses Steinar Supphellen and vice-praeses Kristian Fossheim. Other board members are Hanna Mustaparta, Britt Dale, Ola Dale, Joar Grimsbu and Asbjørn Moen. The daily administration is led by a secretary-general; Kristian Overskaug.[10] The board is responsible for awarding the Gunnerus Medal[11] for academic achievement.[12] The medal was inaugurated in 1927.[3]
Before 1815, the sitting King held the title of praeses, while the highest-ranked non-royal member was vice praeses. In the tradition of Gunnerus the bishop, the latter post was filled by clerics until 1820, when Christian Krohg took the seat. From 1815 the King holds the title of "protector". Today King Harald V of Norway is protector of the society.[4]
Members of the learned society are divided into two divisions, Letters and Sciences. In 2005 there were 470 members, of whom 134 were foreign.[3] This is a marked increase from 1996, when it had 399 members, of whom 94 were foreign.[4]
The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters annual prize for young researchers
This award is funded by I. K. Lykke. The prize is awarded annually to two people under 40 years who are "Norwegian researchers or foreign researchers at the Norwegian research institutions that have demonstrated outstanding talent, originality and effort, and who have achieved excellent results in their fields".[17][18]
^ abcdefBratberg, Terje (1996). "Vitenskapsselskapet". In Arntzen, Jon Gunnar (ed.). Trondheim byleksikon. Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. pp. 599–600. ISBN82-573-0642-8.
^ abBratberg, Terje (1996). "Vitenskapsmuseet". In Arntzen, Jon Gunnar (ed.). Trondheim byleksikon. Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. pp. 598–599. ISBN82-573-0642-8.
^Andersen, Håkon With; Brenna, Brita; Njåstad, Magne; Wale, Astrid (2008). Aemula Lauri – The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters, 1760–2010. Science History Publications. ISBN978-0-88135-383-9.
^Stubhaug, Arild (2010). Den lange linjen – Historien om Videnskabsselskabet i Trondheim (in Norwegian). Trondheim: Tapir Akademisk Forlag. ISBN978-82-519-2523-5.
^"Board/administration". Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters. Archived from the original on 20 October 2007. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
^Yngvar Reichelt (in Norwegian): Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs medaljer. Sic nos: non nobis. Akademika forlag 2013.
