The Diocese of Belluno-Feltre (Latin: Dioecesis Bellunensis-Feltrensis) is a Latindiocese of the Catholic Church located in the Veneto, northern Italy, organized in its current form in 1986. From 1197 to 1762, and again from 1818 to 1986, the Diocese of Belluno and the Diocese of Feltre were united under a single bishop, with the name diocese of Belluno e Feltre. The current diocese is a suffragan of the Patriarchate of Venice.[1][2]
History
Christianity is said to have been first preached there by St. Hermagoras, a disciple of St. Mark and first Bishop of Aquileia,[3] and next by Prosdocimus, first Bishop of Padua.[4] As Francesco Lanzoni points out, there is no actual evidence.[5]Ferdinando Ughelli[6] places the first bishop, Theodorus, in the reign of Emperor Commodus (180–192), and the second, St. Salvator, as succeeding under Pertinax (193). A second Bishop Theodorus is said to have brought from Egypt the remains of St. Giovata (Zotas), patron of the city. A "Passion of S. Zotas", found in a manuscript of the 12th century, claims that Zotas had been executed at Ptolemais (?) in Libya by an official of the Emperor Maximianus (285–305); his body was buried by Bishop Theodorus. Zotas, however, is completely unknown to the ancient martyrologies of Egypt and Libya. Modern authors of Belluno claim that Bishop Theodore left his diocese and brought the remains of Zotas to Belluno, where, in due course, he was elected bishop. The tales carry no weight.[7]
At the end of the 10th century Belluno was affected by the political disturbances then agitating the Venetian provinces. On 10 September 963, Bishop Joannes II (959) obtained from Emperor Otto I for himself and his successors the title of count and temporal sovereignty over the city and the surrounding territory.[9] He also fortified the city.
The twelfth century was a stormy period for Belluno, in both civil and ecclesiastical respects. In the spring of 1197, Bishop Gerardo de Taccoli joined the united armies of Belluno, Padua and Forogiulio to besiege the Castello of Zumelle. On 20 April, at the battle of Cesana, Bishop Gerardo of Belluno was killed by the soldiers of Treviso. The Patriarch of Aquileia immediately excommunicated the people of Treviso. Belluno was left without a bishop.[10] In the 16th century, Giulio Doglioni published a catalogue of bishops of Belluno from old manuscripts, which contained the notice: "Drudus de Camino Feltren. et Bellun. episcopus, sub quo primum uniti sunt episcopatus Belluni et Feltri." Another ancient catalogue was published by Gianantonio degli Egregii, containing the statement: "Uniti sunt episcopalus Belluni et Feltri. Successit episcopus Drudus episcopo Gerardo."[11] Bishop Drudus succeeded the murdered Gerardus as bishop of the united dioceses; Drudus died in 1200. The two dioceses continued to be suffragans of the Patriarch of Aquileia.[12]
In 1462, at the request of the Venetian Republic, the two dioceses were separated.[13]
The first Bishop of Belluno following the separation was Ludovico Donato. Bishops Pietro Barozzi, Mose Buffarello, and Bernardo Rossi (1499) rebuilt the cathedral. Luigi Lollin (1595) promoted the love of learning among the clergy and left bequests to provide for a number of priests at the University of Padua. Giulio Berlendis (1655) completed the work of enforcing the Tridentine reforms, and Gianfrancesco Bembo, a member of the Somaschi (1695), was zealous in the cause of popular education.
In 1751, pressured both by Austria and Venice, who were exasperated by the numerous discords in the patriarchate of Aquileia, Pope Benedict XIV was compelled to intervene in the ecclesiastical and political disturbances. In the bull "Injuncta Nobis" of 6 July 1751, the patriarchate of Aquileia was completely suppressed, and in its place the Pope created two separate archdioceses, Udine and Goritza. The dioceses which had been suffragans of Aquileia and were under Venetian political control, Belluno among them, were assigned to the new archdiocese of Udine.[14]
Post-Napoleonic reorganization
In 1818 the diocese of Belluno was again united with that of Feltre.[15] The violent expansionist military policies of the French Revolutionary Republic had brought confusion and dislocation to the Po Valley. Following the redistribution of European territories at the Congress of Vienna, the Papacy faced the difficult task of restoring and restructuring the Church in various territories, according to the wishes of their rulers. Belluno and Venice were under the control of Austria, and therefore a Concordat had to be negotiated with the government of the Emperor Francis. One of the requirements of the Austrian government was the elimination of several metropolitanates and the suppression of a number of bishoprics which were no longer viable due to the bad climate (malaria and cholera) and the impoverishment of the dioceses due to migration and industrialization; it was expected that this would be done to the benefit of the Patriarchate of Venice.
Pope Pius VII, therefore, issued the bull "De Salute Dominici Gregis" on 1 May 1818, embodying the conclusions of arduous negotiations. The metropolitan archbishopric of Udine was abolished and its bishop made suffragan to Venice. The dioceses of Caprularum (Caorle) and Torcella were suppressed and their territories assigned to the Patriarchate of Venice; Belluno and Feltre were united under a single bishop, aeque personaliter, and assigned to Venice; Padua and Verona became suffragans of Venice.[16]
Chapters and cathedrals
The cathedral of Belluno is dedicated to S. Martin. It is staffed and administered (1847) by a Chapter composed of one dignity, the Dean, and ten Canons, assisted by several chaplains mansionarii and chaplains prebendary.[17]
The co-cathedral at Feltre is dedicated to S. Peter. It had a Chapter which was composed of two dignities (the Dean and the Archdeacon) and twelve Canons. The co-cathedral functions as a parish, and therefore the Canon called the Sacristan has the responsibility of caring for the spiritual needs of the parishioners ("the cure of souls").[18]
Diocesan synods
A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See.[19]
Bishop Giovanni Battista Valier (1575–1596) presided over a diocesan synod in 1575. He was particularly concerned with liturgical laxness, and with teaching correct doctrine in face of Protestant infiltration from Germany; his predecessor had already introduced the Franciscans and the Inquisition to Belluno.[20]
Bishop Giovanni Delfin (1626–1634) presided over a diocesan synod in the cathedral of Belluno on 27 and 28 April 1629, and had the constitutions of the synod published.[21] On 25–27 October 1639, Bishop Giovanni Tommaso Malloni (1634–1649) held a synod for the diocese of Belluno, and published the decrees of the synod.[22]
Bishop Gianfrancesco Bembo (1694–1720) presided over a diocesan synod on 9–11 July 1703, and published the decrees.[23] BIshop Giacomo Costa (1747–1755) held a synod from 30 August to 1 September 1750.[24]
On 2–4 July 1861, Bishop Giovanni Renier (1855–1871) held a synod for the dioceses of Belluno and Feltre in Belluno.[25] Renier himself was a participant in the provincial council of Venice in 1863.[26]
Bishop Pietro Brollo (1996-2001) presided over the first diocesan synod of the newly reconstituted diocese of Belluno-Feltre.
In a decree of the Second Vatican Council, it was recommended that dioceses be reorganized to take into account modern developments.[27] A project begun on orders from Pope John XXIII, and continued under his successors, was intended to reduce the number of dioceses in Italy and to rationalize their borders in terms of modern population changes and shortages of clergy. The change was made urgent because of changes made to the Concordat between the Italian State and the Holy See on 18 February 1984, and embodied in a law of 3 June 1985. The change was approved by Pope John Paul II in an audience of 27 September 1986, and by a decree of the Sacred Congregation of Bishops of the Papal Curia on 30 September 1986. The dioceses of Belluno and Feltre, which had up to that point shared a single bishop while retaining two diocesan structures, were united into a single diocese. Its name was to be Dioecesis Bellunensis-Feltrensis. The seat of the diocese was to be in Belluno. The former cathedral in Feltre was to have the honorary title of co-cathedral, and its Chapter was to be the Capitulum Concathedralis. There was to be only one episcopal curia, one seminary, one ecclesiastical tribunal; and all the clergy were to be incardinated in the diocese of Belluno-Feltre.[28]
^Lanzoni, p. 906: "Il Cappelletti (X, 108) vuole che s. Ermagora di Aquileia e s. Prosdocimo di Padova siano stati gli evangelizzatori di Belluno; ma senza alcun fondamento."
^Ughelli V, p. 145. The legendary traditions have been restated by G. Argenta (1981), pp. 5-10.
^Lanzoni, p. 905, is skeptical: "Ma chi può credere che nel tempo delle persecuzioni un prelato libico lasciasse la sua sede, e, venuto nella penisola, fosse creato vescov^o nelle regioni alpestri della Venezia?."
^Giovanni Francesco Palladio (1660). Historie della Prouincia del Friuli (in Italian). Vol. Parte 1. Udine: Nell'Academia de gli Suentati detto il Ferace. p. 190.
^Cappelletti X, p. 147 (bull of Pope Lucius III for Bishop Drudus of Feltre (29 October 1184): "concessi sunt usibus omnimodis profutura, salva sedis apostolicae auctoritale et Aquilegiensi patriarechae debita reverentia." Eubel I, p. 132.
^Benigni, Umberto. "Belluno-Feltre." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1907. Retrieved: 29 March 2020.
^Pius VII (1853). Andreas Barberi and Rinaldo Secreti (ed.). Bullarii Romani continuatio (in Latin). Vol. Tomus decimus quintus continens pontificatus Pii 7. annum decimum nonum ad vicesimum quartum. Roma. pp. 36–40.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Cappelletti X, p. 808.
^Guglielmo Stefani (1854). Dizionario corografico del Veneto (in Italian). Vol. primo, parte seconda. Milano: Stabilimento Civelli Giuseppe E. C. p. 94.
^Directoriae normae clare a Concilio impertitae de dioecesium recognitione; indicia atque elementa apta ad actionem pastoralem aestimandam ab episcopis suppeditata quibus plurium dioecesium regimen commissum est.
^Acta Apostolicae SedisAn. et Vol. LXXIX (Città del Vaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis 1987), pp. 665-668.
^Bishop Laurentius appears in Paul the Deacon's Historia Langobardorum Book III, chapter 26. Lanzoni, p. 907.
^Odelbertus attended the Council of Mantua in 827. Cappelletti X, p. 110.
^Almo: Ughelli V, pp. 146-147. Cappelletti X, pp. 110-112.
^Joannes is said to have become bishop in 959. Cappelletti X, p. Schwartz, p. 43.
^Bishop Lodovicus was present at the synod of Aquileia in 1015. Schwartz, p. 43.
^Bishop Albuinus was present at the Roman synod of 6 April 1027. Schwartz, p. 43.
^Pope Lucius III confirmed the possessions and privileges of Bishop-elect Gerardus on 18 October 1185. He was killed on 20 April 1197 by the people of Treviso. Augusto Buzzati (1890). Bibliografia bellunese (in Italian). Venezia: Tipog. dell'ancora, L. Merlo. pp. 525, no. 1905.
^It is on record that Drudus (Drudo, in Italian) was the first bishop of Belluno e Feltre. He was already Bishop of Feltre, and after the assassination of Bishop Gerardus in 1197, he became bishop of the two dioceses aeque personaliter. When this happened is not recorded. Cappelletti X, pp. 148-151.
^Anselmus: Gams, p. 776. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, p. 132.
^Bishop Torrentinus died on 30 April 1209. Eubel I, p. 132.
^Oddo was already bishop-elect in early September 1225. Eubel I, p. 132.
^Eleazar was already bishop-elect in mid-February 1235: Azzoni, Notizie, pp. 88-94, "Monumentum XVIII". Gams, p. 776. Eubel I, p. 132.
^Adalgerius (Adigerius, Aldrighetus, Adeglierio) di Caporiaco e e Vill'alta Forogiuliese had been a Canon of the cathedral of Aquileia. He was elected by a committee of compromise appointed by the two cathedral Chapters, on 6 November 1257. In December 1282, he took part in the provincial synod of Aquileia, presided over by Patriarch Raimundus. He died on 30 September 1290, and was buried in the cathedral of Belluno. Ughelli V, p. 158. Cappelletti X, pp. 160-162. Eubel I, p. 132. The electoral certificate, dated 6 November 1257, is printed by Azzoni, Notizie, pp. 95-96.
^Manfredus had previously been Bishop of Ceneda (1310–1320). He was transferred to the dioceses of Belluno and Feltre after the death of Bishop Alexander in February 1320. Bishop Manfredus died in Belluno in April 1321. The appointment of his successor was already reserved to the pope. The two Chapters of Belluno and Feltreno nonetheless held an election, in which Gorgias, the Dean of the Chapter of Feltre and Franciscus, Bishop of Ceneda, competed. Eubel I, 132 with note 4.
^Gregorius is credited by Eubel in one place as a Dominican, and in another as an Augustan Hermit (O.E.S.A.). G. Mollat, Jean XXII: Lettres communes Tome sixième (Paris: Fontemoing 1912), p. 458, no. 17949. Eubel I, pp. 132, 458.
^Gorgias (Gorzias) was the Dean of the cathedral Chapter of Feltre. Following the death of Bishop Manfredus in April 1321, the two Chapters of Belluno and Feltre held an election, in which Gorgias and Franciscus, Bishop of Ceneda, competed. Gorgias won; he was confirmed by the Patriarch of Aquileia, and consecrated. On 6 June 1323, however, Pope John XXII appointed (provided) Bishop Gregory of Sorra, who had been named Bishop of Sorra on 7 June 1322 (more than a year after the vacancy at Belluno and Feltre occurred with the death of Bishop Manfredus). Litigation naturally arose between Gorgias and Gregory in the papal courts, which was only terminated by the death of Gregory. Pope John then named Gorgias to the diocese, on 20 February 1317. Gorgias died in 1349. G. Mollat, Jean XXII: Lettres communes Tome sixième (Paris: Fontemoing 1912), p. 458, no. 17949. Eubel I, p. 132-133; 458.
^Thomasini had been Bishop of Recanati (1435–1440). Eubel, Hierarchia catholica II, p. 103.
^Zeno was transferred to the diocese of Padua on 26 March 1460, by Pope Pius II. Eubel II, pp. 103, 210.
^A noble of Venice, Barozzi was only 28 years old when appointed BIshop of Belluno by Pope Sixtus IV on 4 September 1471. On 14 March 1487, Barozzi was transferred to the diocese of Padua by Pope Innocent VIII. He died in 1507. Cappelletti X, p. 188. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica II, pp. 103, 210.
^Rossi was a native of Parma, and was only 22 years of age when appointed Bishop of Belluno. He was therefore only "Administrator" during the first five years of his tenure. He completed the construction of the cathedral with its marble façade. On 16 Aug 1499, Rossi was appointed Bishop of Treviso by Pope Alexander VI. He died in 1527. Cappelletti X, p. 188. Eubel II, pp. 103 with note 5; 249.
^Trevisan was a Venetian, the nephew of Cardinal Giovanni Michiel, who was the nephew of Pope Paul II. He was appointed on 26 August 1499. He died in Venice on 4 September 1509. Ughelli V, p. 165. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica II, p. 103 with note 6; III, p. 131 with note 2.
^Gasparo Contarini, a native of Venice, was named a cardinal by Pope Paul III on 21 May 1535. He was appointed Bishop of Belluno on 23 October 1536, though he was not consecrated a bishop until 17 February 1538. On 7 January 1538, he was appointed to the commission to prepare the ecumenical council, and on 27 August 1540 he was appointed to the committee to reform the Roman Curia. On 21 May 1540 he was appointed papal Legate to the Diet of Speyer. On 7 November 1541, he was named papal Legate in Germany. On 21 January 1542, he was named papal Legate in Bologna. On 7 August 1542 he was appointed papal Legate to the Emperor Charles. He died in Bologna on 24 August 1542. Franz Dittrich (1885). Gasparo Contarini, 1483-1542: Eine Monographie (in German). Berlin: De Graaf. Franz Dittrich (1881). Regesten und Briefe des Cardinals Gasparo Contarini (1483-1542) (in German). Braunsberg: Huye. pp. 1–7. Eubel III, p. 24, no. 8, with notes 5-6; 131. Elisabeth G. Gleason,Gasparo Contarini: Venice, Rome, and Reform, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.
^Giulio Contarini was the nephew of Cardinal Gasparo Contarini. He was appointed to succeed his uncle on 11 September 1542. On 28 June 1544, he still subscribed himself "bishop-elect". He attended the Council of Trent. In 1568, he established the diocesan seminar. On 17 November 1574, he was assigned a coadjutor, Giovanni Valier. Contarini died on 9 August 1575. Cappelletti X, p. 195. Eubel III, pp 131. Pier Mattia Tommasino (2018). The Venetian Qur'an: A Renaissance Companion to Islam. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 85. ISBN978-0-8122-9497-2.
^Valier was a native of Venice. On 17 November 1574, he was appointed titular bishop of Citrum in Macedonia and coadjutor bishop of Belluno by Pope Gregory XIII. He succeeded to the diocesan throne on 9 August 1575, upon the death of Bishop Contarini. He held a diocesan synod in 1575, and conducted diocesan visitations in 1575–1576 and 1583. He resigned in 1596, and returned to Venice, where he died at the age of 60, on 22 October 1598. Cappelletti X, p. 195. Eubel III, p. 131, 167. Flavio Vizzutti (1999). Le chiese dell'antica Pieve di Cadola: documenti di storia e d'arte (in Italian). Parrocchie di Cadola, Polpet-Ponte nelle Alpi, Col di Cugnan, Quantin, Diocesi di Belluno-Feltre. p. 303. Pier Mattia Tommasino (2018). The Venetian Qur'an: A Renaissance Companion to Islam. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 88–90. ISBN978-0-8122-9497-2.
^Luigi Lollin was a Venetian aristocrat. He was named Bishop of Belluno by Pope Clement VIII on 29 July 1596. Lollin died on 28 (or 30) March 1625. Ughelli V, pp. 167-168. Cappelletti X, pp. 196-197. Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 112 with note 2. L . Alpago Novello, "La vita e le opere di Luigi Lollino, vescovo di Belluno," Archivio veneto XIV (1933), pp. 15 – 116; XV (1934), pp. 199-304. (in Italian) A collection of Lollin's letters: Luigi Lollino (1642). Aloysii Lollini,... Epistolae miscellaneae. Belluno: typis Francisci Vieceri.
^A native of Belluno, Persico spent his life as a private secretary to various dignitaries, the bishops of Padua, Monreale, and Cedena, and in Rome to cardinals, including Orsini, Scipione Borghese, and Barberini, and finally Pope Urban VIII. He was a Canon of the cathedral of Ceneda, and Abbot Commendatory of S. Stefano di Spalato. Urban named Panfilo bishop of Belluno in 1625, following the death of Bishop Lollino. Panfilo was on his way north to take up his diocesan post when he died in Savona. There is no evidence of his episcopal consecration. Florio Miari (1865). Cronache Bellunesi inedite dal conte Florio Miari (in Italian). Belluno: Tipogr. Deliberali. p. 125.
^Delfino was a Venetian, the nephew of Cardinal Giovanni Delfino. He was a referendary of the Tribunal of the Two Signatures in the Roman Curia. He was appointed Bishop of Belluno by Pope Urban VIII on 9 February 1626. He resigned in 1634, and died in 1651 (according to Gauchat) or 1659 (on 15 June, according to Cappelletti X, p. 199). Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 112 with note 3. David M. Cheney,"Bishop Giovanni Delfino"Catholic-Hierarchy.org[self-published source]
^A native of Vicenca, Melloni belonged to the Somaschi Fathers, and was a noted theologian and preacher. He had been Bishop of Sebenica in Dalmatia from 1628 to 1634. He was appointed Bishop of Belluno by Pope Urban VIII on 26 June 1634. He died on 7 February 1649. Ughelli V, p. 168. Cappelletti X, p. 199. Gauchat IV, p. 112 with note 4; 314 with note 4.
^The diocese of Belluno was without a bishop for more than four years, due to quarrels between the Vatican and Venice. Cappelletti X, p. 199.
^Berlendi was a native of Bergamo, and held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure. He died on 21 October 1695 (or 1693, according to Ughelli, p. 169) Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 117 note 2, say that he died before 28 February 1694. Cappelletti X, pp. 199-200. Gauchat IV, p. 112 with note 5.
^Bembo: Ritzler and Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 117 with note.
^Rota: Ritzler and Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 117 with note 4.
^Zuanelli: Ritzler and Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 120 with note 2.
^Condulmer: Ritzler and Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 120 with note 3.
^A native of Bassano, Costa had previously been Bishop of Ripatransone. He held a diocesan synod in 1750. He died on 19 August 1755. Cappelletti X, p. 201. Ritzler and Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 120 with note 4.
^Sandi was an aristocrat of Venice. He had been a Canon of Treviso and a Vicar General of the diocese of Treviso. Cappelletti X, p. 201. Ritzler and Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 120 with note 5.
^A native of Venice, Alcaini died in Venice on 4 March 1803. Cappelletti X, p. 201. Ritzler and Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 120 with note 6.
^Zuppani had been Vicar Capitular of the diocese of Belluno e Feltre during the Sede vacante. He was nominated the new bishop by the Emperor Francis on 16 June 1816, and confirmed by Pope Pius VII on 23 August 1819. He died on 26 November 1841. Cappelletti X, p. 213. Ritzler and Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, p. 109.
^Born in 1863, Cattarossi had previously been Bishop of Albenga (1911–1913). He was transferred to Belluno by Pope Pius X on 21 November 1913. He died on 3 March 1944. He ordained Albino Luciani a priest. Official diocesan CV of Bishop Cattarossi: Chiesa di Belluno-Feltre. "Giosuè Cattarossi (1914-1944)"; retrieved 5 August 2020. (in Italian)
^Muccin had employed Albino Luciani (Pope John Paul I) as his Vicar General in Belluno for eleven years. It was Muccin who first recommended Luciani for a bishopric. Official diocesan CV of Bishop Ducoli: Chiesa di Belluno-Feltre. "Gioacchino Muccin (1949-1975)"; retrieved 5 August 2020. (in Italian)
^Official diocesan CV of Bishop Ducoli: Chiesa di Belluno-Feltre. "Maffeo Ducoli (1975-1996)"; retrieved 5 August 2020. (in Italian)
^On 28 October 2000, Brollo was transferred to the diocese of Udine, with the title of archbishop, by Pope John Paul II. Official diocesan CV of Bishop Brollo: Chiesa di Belluno-Feltre. "Pietro Brollo (1996-2001)"; retrieved 5 August 2020. (in Italian)
^Official diocesan CV of Bishop Savio: Chiesa di Belluno-Feltre. "Vincenzo Savio (2001–2004)"; retrieved 5 August 2020. (in Italian)
^Official diocesan CV of Bishop Andrich: Chiesa di Belluno-Feltre. "Mons. Giuseppe Andrich"; retrieved 5 August 2020. (in Italian)
^Official diocesan CV of Bishop Marangoni: Chiesa di Belluno-Feltre. "Mons. Renato Marangoni"; retrieved 5 August 2020. (in Italian)
Books
Episcopal lists
Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1913). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 1 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1914). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 2 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
Eubel, Conradus; Gulik, Guilelmus, eds. (1923). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 3 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أبريل 2019) لورينزو لونش معلومات شخصية الميلاد 6 أبريل 1963 (60 سنة) أوكلاند، كاليفورنيا مواطنة الولايات المتحدة الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة ولاية كاليفورني
Algerian revolutionary fighter and politician This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Krim Belkacem – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Krim BelkacemPhoto of Krim Belkacem, c. 1945Born(1922-09-14)September 14, 1922Tizi Ouzo...
Untuk skuter dorong, lihat otopet. Skuter (dalam bahasa sehari-hari juga disebut sebagai sepeda motor matik/sepeda motor matic, motor matik/motor matic, matik/matic, atau skuter matik/skuter matic/skutik sejak pertengahan 2000-an, dari istilah automatic/otomatis)[1][2] adalah kendaraan bermotor roda dua yang memiliki lantai di bagian dasarnya untuk diinjak oleh pengendara. Jika pada sepeda motor biasa mesin diletakkan di bagian bawah rangka tengah, maka skuter memiliki posisi ...
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (مارس 2019) فرفرية غير قليلة الصفيحات معلومات عامة الاختصاص طب الجلد من أنواع فرفرية تعديل مصدري - تعديل فرفرية غير قليلة الصفيحات[1] (بالإنجليزية: Nonthrombocytope...
Neighborhood in Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, CanadaWest EndNeighborhoodOxford Street, a typical West End streetCountryCanadaProvinceNova ScotiaMunicipalityHalifax Regional MunicipalityCommunityHalifaxCommunity councilHalifax and WestMunicipal DistrictHalifax West ArmdaleArea Codes782, 902 The West End is a neighbourhood of Halifax Regional Municipality in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located on the western half of the Halifax Peninsula. The West End is predominantly mi...
North American box art of Disney's Kim Possible: Revenge of Monkey Fist. Kim Possible video games are a series of action platformer games based on Disney's animated television series Kim Possible. They were mostly released for the Game Boy Advance (GBA) and Nintendo DS; the game Disney's Kim Possible: What's the Switch? was released for the PlayStation 2. Disney's Kim Possible: Revenge of Monkey Fist, the first game in the series, was developed by Digital Eclipse and published by Disney Inter...
Women's football in IsraelFIFA Women's World Cup 2019 Qualifying Round Austria vs. Israel November 23, 2017 BSFZ-Arena Maria EnzersdorfCountryIsraelGoverning bodyIsrael Football AssociationNational team(s)Women's national teamNational competitions Israeli Women's CupClub competitions Ligat NashimInternational competitions FIFA Women's World CupUEFA Women's Championship Women's football in Israel is gaining popularity but female players often play abroad to improve their skills.[1] Som...
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (سبتمبر 2021) أسطورة سرجون السومرية لوح طيني يذكر قصة ولادة سرجون ، يعود ألى أوائل الألفية الثانية قبل الميلاد.[1] موجود في (متحف اللوفر). المترجم هنري رولنسون إلى اللغ...
1930 film Rain or ShineDirected byFrank CapraWritten byJames Gleason (book of musical play)Maurice Marks (book of musical play)Jo SwerlingDorothy HowellProduced byHarry CohnStarringJoe CookLouise FazendaCinematographyJoe WalkerEdited byMaurice WrightProductioncompaniesColumbia PicturesFrank R. Capra ProductionDistributed byColumbia PicturesRelease date August 15, 1930 (1930-08-15) Running time90 minutesCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglish Rain or Shine is a 1930 American pre-Cod...
The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's general notability guideline. Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged, redirected, or deleted.Find sources: Peruvian American Medical Society – news · newspapers · books · scholar · J...
VVV-Venlo Naam Venlose Voetbal Vereniging Venlo Bijnaam The Good Old Opgericht 7 februari 1903 Plaats Venlo Venlo, Nederland Stadion Covebo Stadion - De Koel - Capaciteit 8.000 Voorzitter Ineke Gutterswijk-Luiten Algemeen directeur Marco Bogers, vanaf 10 juli 2023: Ruud Timmermans (a.i.) Technisch directeur Marc van Hintum (a.i.) Trainer Rick Kruys (Hoofd)sponsor Seacon Logistics Competitie Eerste divisie (2023/24) Prijzen KNVB beker: 1x Eerste divisie: 3× Website vvv-venlo.nl Thuis Ui...
Tour de Romandía 2023 DetallesCarrera76. Tour de RomandíaCompeticiónUCI WorldTour 2023 2.UWTEtapas6Fechas25 – 30 de abril de 2023Distancia total691,57 kmPaís SuizaLugar de inicioPort-ValaisLugar de llegadaGinebraEquipos22Ciclistas participantes154Ciclistas finalizados119Velocidad media40,18 km/hClasificación finalGanador Adam Yates (UAE Team Emirates)Segundo Matteo Jorgenson (Movistar Team)Tercero Damiano Caruso (Bahrain Victorious)Puntos Ethan Hayter (Ineos Grenadiers)Montaña Julien ...
The ReVe Festival: Day 1Album mini karya Red VelvetDirilis19 Juni 2019 (2019-06-19)StudioSM Studios, Seoul, Korea SelatanGenreK-poppop elektro[1]Durasi20:10BahasaBahasa KoreaLabelSMKronologi Red Velvet Sappy(2019) The ReVe Festival: Day 1(2019) The ReVe Festival: Day 2(2019) Singel dalam album The ReVe Festival: Day 1 ZimzalabimDirilis: June 19, 2019[2] Penilaian profesional Skor ulasan Sumber Nilai Exclaim! 7/10[3] The ReVe Festival: Day 1 (kadang-kadang hany...
2009 studio album by Rise and FallOur Circle Is ViciousStudio album by Rise and FallReleasedOctober 27, 2009 (2009-10-27)RecordedMarch 2009 at God City StudiosGenreHardcore punk, metalcore, crust punkLength29:15LabelDeathwish (DWI96)ProducerKurt BallouRise and Fall chronology Clawing(2007) Our Circle Is Vicious(2009) Deceiver(2011) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingDecibel7/10[1]Punknews.org[2] Our Circle Is Vicious is the third studio album b...
EK voetbal 2012 ESP IRL 4 0 Dit artikel gaat over de wedstrijd in de groepsfase in groep C tussen Spanje en Ierland die gespeeld werd op 14 juni 2012 tijdens het Europees kampioenschap voetbal 2012. Het was de veertiende wedstrijd van het toernooi en deze werd gespeeld in de PGE Arena Gdańsk in Gdańsk. Voorafgaand aan de wedstrijd Op de FIFA-wereldranglijst van mei 2012 stond Spanje op de 1e plaats, Ierland op de 18e plaats.[1] Ierland en Spanje hebben al 24 keer tegen elkaar gespee...
Genus of fruit trees Spondias Fruiting Spondias mombin Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Rosids Order: Sapindales Family: Anacardiaceae Subfamily: Spondiadoideae Genus: SpondiasL. Type species Spondias mombinL. Species See Selected species Synonyms Allospondias (Pierre) Stapf Skoliostigma Lauterb.[1] Spondias is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. The genus consists of 17 described spe...
Buddhist prayer stone This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Mani stone – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Mani stones outside the Tsuglagkhang Complex, near the 14th Dalai Lama's home, McLeod Ganj, Dharamshala, India Pa...
Letusan Gunung Taal 2020Letusan Gunung Taal 12 Januari 2020Gunung apiGunung TaalTanggal12 Januari 2020 – masih berlangsungJenisLetusan freatik, Letusan stromboliaLokasiBatangas, Calabarzon, Filipina14°00′38″N 120°59′52″E / 14.01056°N 120.99778°E / 14.01056; 120.99778DampakPaling tidak 1 orang terluka akibat hujan abu[1] Letusan Gunung Taal di Filipina dimulai pada 12 Januari 2020. Institut Vulkanologi dan Seismologi Filipina (PHIVOLCS) kemudian me...
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Stone sculpture – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article is about visually interesting objects made from stone. For the process of stone sculpture, see Stone carving.Carved s...
Chatou Entidad subnacional Escudo ChatouLocalización de Chatou en Francia Coordenadas 48°53′26″N 2°09′25″E / 48.890555555556, 2.1569444444444Entidad Comuna de Francia • País Francia • Región Isla de Francia • Departamento Yvelines • Distrito Saint-Germain-en-Laye • Cantón Cantón de Chatou (chef-lieu)[1] • Mancomunidad Communauté de communes de la Boucle de Seine (sede)[2]Alcalde Ghislain Fournier[2]&...
