Robert Berger (mathematician)

For other people with the same name, see Robert Berger.

Robert Berger (born 1938) is an applied mathematician, known for discovering the first aperiodic tiling^[1] using a set of 20,426 distinct tile shapes.

Contributions to tiling theory

The unexpected existence of aperiodic tilings, although not Berger's explicit construction of them, follows from another result proved by Berger: that the so-called domino problem is undecidable, disproving a conjecture of Hao Wang, Berger's advisor. The result is analogous to a 1962 construction used by Kahr, Moore, and Wang, to show that a more constrained version of the domino problem was undecidable.^[2]

Education and career

Berger did his undergraduate studies at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and studied applied physics at Harvard, earning a master's degree, before shifting to applied mathematics for his doctorate. Along with Hao Wang, Berger's other two doctoral committee members were Patrick Carl Fischer and Marvin Minsky. Later, he has worked in the Digital Integrated Circuits Group of the Lincoln Laboratory.^[3]

Publications

Berger's work on tiling was published as "The Undecidability of the Domino Problem" in the Memoirs of the AMS in 1966.^[4] This paper is essentially a reprint of Berger's 1964 dissertation at Harvard University.^[5]

In 2009, a paper by Berger and other Lincoln Laboratories researchers, "Wafer-scale 3D integration of InGaAs image sensors with Si readout circuits", won the best paper award at the IEEE International 3D System Integration Conference (3DIC).^[6] In 2010, a CMOS infrared imaging device with an analog-to-digital converter in each pixel, coinvented by Berger, was one of R&D Magazine's R&D 100 Award recipients.^[7]

References

1. Darling, David J. (2004). The universal book of mathematics: from Abracadabra to Zeno's paradoxes. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 18–. ISBN 978-0-471-27047-8. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
2. Büchi, J. R. "The undecidability of the domino problem". Mathematical Reviews. 36 (49). MR 0216954.
3. Author biography from Raffel, J. I.; Mann, J. R.; Berger, R.; Soares, A. M.; Gilbert, S. (1989), "A generic architecture for wafer-scale neuromorphic systems" (PDF), The Lincoln Laboratory Journal, 2 (1): 63–76, Bibcode:1989LLabJ...2...63R, archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-21, retrieved 2011-09-30.
4. Berger, Robert (1966), "The Undecidability of the Domino Problem", Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society, 66 (66): 72 pp, doi:10.1090/memo/0066.
5. Robert Berger at the Mathematics Genealogy Project.
6. Awards and Recognition, Lincoln Laboratory Annual Report 2010, p. 50, retrieved 2011-09-30.
7. MIT Lincoln Laboratory receives five R&D 100 Awards, Lincoln Laboratory, retrieved 2011-09-30.