He embarked on a journalistic career in Rome, working in leading papers like Il Tempo, Il Giornale d'Italia and the Corriere della Sera. In 1961, a car crash left Brignetti paralyzed. The ensuing years saw him at his most productive. He won the Premio Viareggio for Il gabbiano azzurro (1967), and the Premio Strega for La spiaggia d'oro (1971).
He lived for a long time in the Medici tower of Marciana Marina on Elba and then in the small apartment at the foot of the tower. He died in 1978. The Isola d'Elba-Raffaele Brignetti Literary Prize is named after him. Brignetti's work is noted for its familiarity with, and treatment of, the sea and maritime life.