RELX plc (pronounced "Rel-ex") is a British[2]multinational information and analytics company headquartered in London, England. Its businesses provide scientific, technical and medical information and analytics; legal information and analytics; decision-making tools; and organise exhibitions. It operates in 40 countries and serves customers in over 180 nations.[3] It was previously known as Reed Elsevier, and came into being in 1993 as a result of the merger of Reed International, a British trade book and magazine publisher, and Elsevier, a Netherlands-based scientific publisher.
The company, which was previously known as Reed Elsevier, came into being in 1993, as a result of the merger of Reed International, a British trade book and magazine publisher, and Elsevier, a Netherlands-based scientific publisher.[4] The company re-branded itself as RELX in February 2015.[5]
In 1965, Reed Group, as it was then known, became a conglomerate, creating its Decorative Products Division with the purchase of Crown Paints, Polycell and Sanderson's wallpaper and DIY decorating interests.[8]
In 1970, Reed Group merged with the International Publishing Corporation and the company name was changed to Reed International Limited.[6] The company continued to grow by merging with other publishers and produced high quality trade journals as IPC Business Press Ltd and women's and other consumer magazines as IPC magazines Ltd.[6] Reed entered the United States in 1977 by acquiring Cahners Publications, founded by Norman Cahners.[9]
In 1985, the company decided to rationalise its operations, focusing on publishing and selling off its other interests. Sanderson was sold to WestPoint Pepperell, Inc. of Georgia, United States, that year,[8] while Crown Paint and Polycell were sold to Williams Holdings in 1987.[10] The company's paper and packaging production operations were bundled together to form Reedpack and sold to private equity firm Cinven in 1988.[11] Reed expanded its publishing by acquiring Technical Publishing from Dun & Bradstreet.[12]
Elsevier NV
In 1880, Jacobus George Robbers started a publishing company called NV Uitgeversmaatschappij Elsevier (Elsevier Publishing Company NV) to publish literary classics and the encyclopedia Winkler Prins.[6] Robbers named the company after the old Dutch printers family Elzevir,[6] which, for example, published the works of Erasmus in 1587. Elsevier NV originally was based in Rotterdam but moved to Amsterdam in the late 1880s.[6]
Up to the 1930s, Elsevier remained a small family-owned publisher, with no more than ten employees. After the war it launched the weekly Elsevier magazine, which turned out to be very profitable. A rapid expansion followed. Elsevier Press Inc. started in 1951 in Houston, Texas, USA, and in 1962 publishing offices were opened in London and New York. Multiple mergers in the 1970s led to name changes, settling at "Elsevier Scientific Publishers" in 1979. In 1991, two years before the merger with Reed, Elsevier acquired Pergamon Press in the UK.[13]
Cahners Publishing
Cahners Publishing, founded by Norman Cahners, was the largest U.S. publisher of trade[14] or business magazines as of his death in 1986. Reed Elsevier acquired the company in 1977.[15]
Reed Elsevier and RELX
Significant acquisitions
Division or subsidiary of RELX
Date
Acquisition
Value
Cahners Publishing
1986-09
Technical Publishing Inc, a publisher of industrial, medical and technology trade magazines, from Dun & Bradstreet
Law360, a US-based online provider of legal information and analysis[29]
Undisclosed
Elsevier
2013-04
Mendeley, a London-based desktop and web program for managing and sharing research papers, discovering research data and collaborating online[30]
Undisclosed but up to $100M
LexisNexis Risk Solutions
2013-09
Mapflow, a Dublin-based group that helps insurance companies assess geographic risk, in particular in relation to flooding[31]
Undisclosed
LexisNexis Risk Solutions
2014-04
Tracesmart, a UK-based provider of tracing, identity verification, fraud prevention and anti-money laundering software[32]
Undisclosed
LexisNexis Risk Solutions
2014-05
Wunelli, a telematics data business which uses driving data for insurers, enabling them to reduce risk exposure and deliver discounts to safer drivers[33]
£25m
Accuity
2014-09
Fircosoft, a Paris-based anti-money laundering company[34]
Health Market Science (HMS), a supplier of high quality data about US healthcare professionals[35]
Undisclosed
LexisNexis Risk Solutions
2015-01
BAIR Analytics, a US-based law enforcement data company[36]
Undisclosed
LexisNexis Legal & Professional
2015-07
MLex, a media organization providing exclusive analysis and commentary on regulatory risk[37]
Undisclosed
Reed Business Information
2015-10
Adaptris, a fast-growing supply chain integration business[38]
Undisclosed
LexisNexis Legal & Professional
2015-11
Lex Machina, a US-based online provider of legal analytics[39]
Undisclosed
LexisNexis Risk Solutions
2016-07
Insurance Initiatives, Ltd. (IIL), a business which provides a data distribution platform that extracts, hosts and processes large quantities of data to deliver information predominantly into the point-of-quote in the UK's Property & Casualty Insurance industry.[40]
Undisclosed
LexisNexis Legal & Professional
2017-06
Ravel Law, a San Francisco-based legal analytics company[41]
Undisclosed
LexisNexis Risk Solutions
2018-01
ThreatMetrix, one of the largest repositories of online digital identities in the world
In February 2007, the company announced its intention to sell Harcourt, its educational publishing division.[51] On 4 May 2007 Pearson, the international education and information company, announced that it had agreed to acquire Harcourt Assessment and Harcourt Education International from Reed Elsevier for $950m in cash.[52] In July 2007, Reed Elsevier announced its agreement to sell the remaining Harcourt Education business, including international imprint Heinemann, to Houghton Mifflin for $4 billion in cash and stock.[53]
Between 2006 and 2019, in 65 separate deals, the company systematically sold its 300 print, business to business magazine titles, reducing the proportion of print revenues from 51% to 9%.[54] Advertising, which had been the largest source of revenues when RELX was founded, represented just 1% of sales in 2018.[55]
In April 2010, Reed Elsevier announced that it had sold 21 US magazines to other owners in recent months, and that an additional 23 US trade magazines, including Restaurants & Institutions, Hotels, and Trade Show Week would cease publication. The closures were mostly due to the weak economy including an advertising slump.[57]
Variety, the company's last remaining North American title, was sold in October 2012.[58]
In 2014, Reed Business Information sold BuyerZone, an online marketplace; emedia, an American provider of research for IT buyers and vendors; and a majority stake in Reed Construction Data, a provider of construction data.[59][60][61]
In 2016, RELX sold Elsevier Weekly and BeleggersBelangen in the Netherlands.[62]
In January 2019, RBI sold its Dutch agricultural media and selected international agricultural media portfolio (including Poultry World) to Doorakkeren BV.[64]
In December 2019, RBI announced plans to sell the Farmers Weekly magazine title, website and related platforms, events and awards to MA Agriculture Limited, part of the Mark Allen Group.[66]
Operations and market segments
Scientific, Technical & Medical
RELX's Scientific, Technical & Medical business provides information, analytics and tools that help investors make decisions that improve scientific and healthcare outcomes. It operates under the name of Elsevier:
ScienceDirect, an online database of primary research, contains 18 million documents.[67]
Scopus is a bibliographic database containing abstracts and citations for academic journal articles. It contains more than 50 million items in more 20,000 titles from 5,000 publishers worldwide.[68]
Mendeley is a desktop and web program for managing and sharing research papers, discovering research data and collaborating online.[69]
Elsevier is the world's largest publisher of academic articles. It published 600,000 articles in 2021.[70] Its best-known titles are The Lancet and Cell. In 1995, Forbes magazine (wrongly) predicted Elsevier would be "the first victim of the internet" as it was disrupted and disintermediated by the World Wide Web.[71]
Risk Management
LexisNexis Risk Solutions provide decision-making tools which help banks spot money launderers and insurance companies weed out fraudulent claims.[72]
The business claims to have saved the state of Florida more than $60 million a year by preventing benefit fraud.[73]
Accuity Inc.
Accuity provides financial crime compliance software[74] which allows institutions to comply with sanctions and anti-money laundering compliance programmes.[75] It offers Know Your Customer, KYC, online subscription-based data and software for the financial services industry.[76] The company's services include helping banks and financial institutions screen for high risk customers and transactions,[77] and providing databases such as Bankers Almanac which allows clients to find and validate bank payment routing data.[75] Accuity serves financial services clients worldwide.[76]
Cirium
Cirium (previously known as FlightGlobal) provides data and aviation analytics products to the aviation, finance and travel industries.[78]
Legal
RELX's legal business operates under the LexisNexis brand. Many of LexisNexis' brands date back to the nineteenth century or earlier. These include Butterworths and Tolley in the UK and JurisClasseur in France.[79] In 2019, 85% of its revenues were electronic. The LexisNexis legal and news database contains 119bn documents and records.[80]
Exhibitions
RELX's exhibitions business is called RX, formerly Reed Exhibitions until 2021.[81] It is the world's largest exhibitions company, running 500 shows for 140,000 exhibitors and 7m visitors.[82][83]
In 2019, Harvard Business Review ranked Erik Engström the world's 11th best performing CEO.[88]
In August 2020, RELX announced Sir Anthony Habgood would retire as Chair, to be replaced by Paul Walker in the first half of 2021.[89]
Corporate affairs
Corporate strategy
From 2011 to 2014, the average annual value of disposals was about $300m.[34] The predictability of the company's results in recent years has led to a re-rating of the shares.[90][91][92]
The RELX Environmental Challenge awards grants to projects advancing access to safe water and sanitation.[93]
In 2019, Mike Walsh, CEO of LexisNexis, was honoured by the UN Foundation with a Global Leadership award for the company's work in advancing the Rule of Law - recognizing the company's commitment to strengthening equality under law, transparency of law, independent judiciaries and accessible legal remedy.[94]
The Elsevier Foundation supports libraries in developing countries, women scientists and nursing facilities.[95] In 2016 it committed $1m a year, for 3 years, to programmes encouraging diversity in science, technology and medicine and promoting science research in developing countries.[96]
Programmes operated by LexisNexis Legal & Professional include:
With the Atlantic Council, launching the first draft of the Global Rule of Law Business Principles which will help businesses, law firms and NGOs promote and uphold the rule of law.[97]
With the International Bar Association, launching an application called eyeWitness to Atrocities, designed to capture GPS coordinates, date and time stamps, sensory and movement data, and the location of nearby objects such as Wi-Fi networks. The technology also creates a secure chain of custody to help verify that the images and video has not been edited or digitally manipulated. The goal is to create content that can be used in a court of law to prosecute perpetrators of atrocities and human rights abuses.[98]
Programmes operated by LexisNexis Risk Solutions include:
The ADAM (Automated Delivery of Alerts on Missing Children) programme in the US, developed by employees in 2000, which assists in the recovery of missing children through a system of targeted alerts.[99] As of 2017[update] the programme has helped trace 177 missing children.[3]
Social Media Monitor, which assists law enforcement officials in investigating serious crimes such as drug dealing and human trafficking.[100]
The mercury contamination of the Wabigoon River in Ontario Canada by a corporate subsidiary between 1962 and 1970 was "one of the worst cases of environmental poisoning in Canadian history."[101][102] Reed sold the Dryden Mill to Great Lakes Forest Products in 1980.[102] As of 2017, Grassy Narrows First Nation chief Simon Fobister stated that the river remained highly contaminated.[103]
Academic journal prices
Reed Elsevier has been criticised for the high prices of its journals and services, especially those published by Elsevier. It has also supported SOPA, PIPA and the Research Works Act, although it no longer supports the last. Because of this, members of the scientific community have boycotted Elsevier journals. In January 2012, the boycott gained an online pledge and petition (The Cost of Knowledge) initiated by mathematician and Fields medalist Sir Timothy Gowers.[104] The movement has received support from noted science bloggers, such as biologist Jonathan Eisen.[105] Between 2012 and February 2023, about 20,500 scientists signed The Cost of Knowledge boycott.[106]
2019 UC system negotiations
On 28 February 2019, following long negotiations, the University of California announced it would be terminating all subscriptions with Elsevier.[107] On 16 March 2021, following further negotiations and significant changes including (i) universal open access to University of California research and (ii) containing the "excessively high costs" being charged by publishers, the university renewed its subscription.[108]
Privacy
As a data broker Reed Elsevier collected, used, and sold data on millions of consumers.[109] In 2005, a security breach occurred through a recently purchased subsidiary, Seisint, which allowed identity thieves to steal the records of at least 316,000 people.[110] The database contained names, current and prior addresses, dates of birth, drivers license numbers and Social Security numbers, among other data obtained from credit reporting agencies and other sources. In 2008 the company settled an action taken against it by the Federal Trade Commission for multiple failures of security practice in how the data was stored and protected. The settlement required Reed Elsevier and Seisint to establish and maintain a comprehensive security program to protect nonpublic personal information.[110]
Defence exhibitions
Between 2005 and 2007, members of the medical and scientific communities, which purchase and use many journals published by Reed Elsevier, agitated for the company to cut its links to the arms trade. Two UK academics, Tom Stafford of Sheffield University and Nick Gill, launched petitions calling for it to stop organising arms fairs.[111] A subsidiary, Spearhead, organised defence shows, including an event where it was reported that cluster bombs and extremely powerful riot control equipment were offered for sale.[112][113] In February 2007 Richard Smith, former editor of the British Medical Journal, published an editorial in the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine arguing that Reed Elsevier's involvement in both the arms trade and medical publishing constituted a conflict of interest.[114] Subsequently, in June the company announced that they would be exiting the defence exhibition business during the second half of the year.[115]
Collaboration with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)
An article in The Guardian in February 2022 revealed that Elsevier products and services support expanding the production aims of the fossil fuel industry. The company disclosed that it is "not prepared to draw a line between the transition away from fossil fuels and the expansion of oil and gas extraction."[117] In response, the Union of Concerned Scientists and Scientists for Global Responsibility launched a petition in 2022, and issued a response to the company's reply in 2023. UCS noted in a blog post that "Elsevier and RELX claimed to be focused on a transition to clean energy. Given the services Elsevier and RELX continue to provide, these claims are demonstrably false."[118] Scientists for Global Responsibility also noted on their website that the company's "actions fall short of meeting the standards set in their own pledges"[119] and pointed campaigners to the website of Climate Rights Coalition,[120] which revealed such concerns had been raised by employees years prior.[121]
Християнські демократи і фламандці Країна Бельгія[1]Голова партії Sammy MahdidДата заснування 1968[1]Ідеологія християнська демократіяКількість членів 56 746Офіційний сайт cdenv.be Християнські демократи і фламандці (нід. Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams, CD&V) — бельгій
Obernberg am Brenner Gemeente in Oostenrijk Situering Deelstaat Tirol District Innsbruck Land Coördinaten 47° 1′ NB, 11° 25′ OL Algemeen Oppervlakte 38,66 km² Inwoners (01-01-2020) 371 (9,5 inw./km²) Hoogte 1380 m.ü.A. Burgemeester Peter Jenewein Overig Postcode 6156 Netnummer 05274 Kenteken IL Gemeentenummer 7 03 36 Website www.obernberg.tirol.gv.at Foto's Ligging van Obernberg am Brenner in het district Innsbruck Land De Obernberger See Portaal Centraal-Europa Ob…
Affair in HavanaTheatrical release posterSutradara Laslo Benedek Produser Richard Goldstone Ditulis oleh Maurice Zimm SkenarioMaurice ZimmPemeranJohn CassavetesRaymond BurrPenata musikErnest GoldSinematograferAlan StensvoldPerusahaanproduksiAllied Artists PicturesDudley ProductionsDistributorAllied Artists PicturesTanggal rilis 1 Oktober 1957 (1957-10-01) (United States) Durasi77 minutesNegara Amerika Serikat Bahasa Inggris Affair in Havana adalah film Amerika Serikat keluaran tah…
Albert A. Giesecke Rector de la Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco 1910-1923Predecesor Eliseo AraujoSucesor Eufracio Álvarez Alcalde del Cusco 1920-1923Presidente Augusto B. Leguía Información personalNacimiento 30 de noviembre de 1883Filadelfia, Estados UnidosFallecimiento 7 de septiembre de 1968 (84 años)Miraflores, Lima, Perú PerúNacionalidad EstadounidenseFamiliaPadres Albert F. Giesecke y Catalina P. de GieseckeCónyuge Esther Matto UsandivarasHijos Esther y…
هذه المقالة عن محمد بن الحسن القزويني. لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع القزويني (توضيح). رضي القزويني معلومات شخصية الميلاد لم يحدد تاريخ ولادته في المصادر التي ترجمت له.قزوين، الدولة الصفوية. الوفاة 1096 هـ.[1]قزوين، الدولة الصفوية. مواطنة إيران تعديل مصدري - تعديل ال…
دُنيا ميخائيل دُنيا ميخائيل أثناء قرائتها لشعر إنشقاق الصخر، 2014 معلومات شخصية الميلاد 1965بغداد، العراق الجنسية عراقية الحياة العملية النوع شعر المدرسة الأم جامعة وين ستيت المهنة شاعرة[1]، وكاتِبة اللغات العربية، الإنكليزية الجوائز جائزة الأمم المتحدة لكتابتها ع…
2004 superhero film by Guillermo del Toro HellboyTheatrical release posterDirected byGuillermo del ToroScreenplay byGuillermo del ToroStory by Guillermo del Toro Peter Briggs Based onHellboyby Mike MignolaProduced by Lawrence Gordon Mike Richardson Lloyd Levin Starring Ron Perlman Selma Blair Jeffrey Tambor Karel Roden Rupert Evans John Hurt CinematographyGuillermo NavarroEdited byPeter AmundsonMusic byMarco BeltramiProductioncompanies Lawrence Gordon/Lloyd Levin Productions[1] Dark Hors…
Портал:Политика Швейцария Статья из серии Политическая системаШвейцарии Конституция Федеральный совет Ален Берсе(президент) Виола Амерд(вице-президент) Карин Келлер-Зуттер Ги Пармелен Иньяцио Кассис Альберт Рёшти Элизабет Бом-Шнайдер Федеральный канцлер Вальтер Турнх…
Peta yang menunjukkan letak San Ildefonso Data sensus penduduk di San Ildefonso Tahun Populasi Persentase 199569.319—200079.9563.11%200793.4382.17% San Ildefonso adalah munisipalitas di provinsi Bulacan, Filipina. Pada tahun 2007, munisipalitas ini memiliki populasi sebesar 93.438 jiwa atau 15.753 rumah tangga. Pembagian wilayah Secara politis San Ildefonso terbagi atas 36 barangay, yaitu: Akle Alagao Anyatam Bagong Barrio Basuit Bubulong Munti Bubulong Malaki Buhol na Mangga Bulusukan Calasag…
American actor For other people named John Marriott, see John Marriott (disambiguation). John MarriottA 1953 promotional photo of MarriottBorn(1893-01-30)January 30, 1893Boley, Indian Territory, United StatesDiedApril 5, 1977(1977-04-05) (aged 84)Jamaica, New York, United StatesOccupationActorYears active1922–76 John Marriott (September 30, 1893 – April 5, 1977) was an American actor of the stage, film and screen, whose career spanned five decades. His acting career began on the st…
This article may be in need of reorganization to comply with Wikipedia's layout guidelines. Please help by editing the article to make improvements to the overall structure. (July 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Venice Biennale of ArchitectureBiennale ArchitetturaGenrebiennale, architectureFrequencybiennial, odd-numbered years since 2021 (even-numbered years 2000 - 2018)Location(s)Venice, ItalyInaugurated1980Most recent2021Next event2023Websitewww.labiennale.org/en/arc…
Logo der Action directe Die Action directe (AD) war eine linksextremistische Terrororganisation[1][2][3][4] in Frankreich, die unter anderem für die Ermordung des Generals René Audran und von Renault-Chef Georges Besse verantwortlich war. Die Gruppe gründete sich 1979 und wurde 1987 zerschlagen. Ihre Selbstbezeichnung leitet sich von der Praxis der direkten Aktion ab. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Geschichte 1.1 Hintergrund 1.2 Radikalisierung und Aktionen 1.3 Schlag ge…
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's general notability guideline. Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged, re…
Railway station in Sialkot, Pakistan This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Sialkot Junction railway station – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2015) Sialkot Junction Railway Stationسیالکوٹ جنکشن ریلوے اسٹیشنStation entranceGeneral informationLocatio…
Carla Bruni discographyBruni in 2010Studio albums6Music videos7Singles12Promotional singles6 Italian-French singer Carla Bruni has released six studio albums, five singles, six promotional singles and five music videos. In 2003, her debut album Quelqu'un m'a dit, produced by Louis Bertignac, was released in Europe with success in Francophone countries. Three songs from the album appear in Hans Canosa's 2005 American film Conversations with Other Women,[1] the song Le Plus Beau du quartie…
William Gerald Burch (5 March 1911 - 22 October 2003) was a Canadian Anglican bishop.[1] Biography Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, on 5 March 1911 he was educated at the University of Toronto and ordained in 1938.[2] He was a Curate at Christ Church, Toronto from 1936 to 1940.[3] He held incumbencies at Scarborough Junction, St Luke, Winnipeg and All Saints, Windsor. He was Dean of All Saints Cathedral, Edmonton from 1956 to 1960 and Suffragan Bishop of Edmonton from 1960 to …
Relaciones Ghana-México Ghana México [editar datos en Wikidata] Las relaciones Ghana-México hacen referencia a las relaciones diplomáticas entre la República de Ghana y los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. Ambas naciones son miembros de las Naciones Unidas. Historia En marzo de 1957, Ghana obtuvo su independencia del Reino Unido, convirtiéndose en la primera nación africana en hacerlo. El 8 de agosto de 1961, México se convir…
Municipality in Pampanga, Philippines Not to be confused with Bacolod. Municipality in Central Luzon, PhilippinesBacolorMunicipalityMunicipality of BacolorThe half-buried San Guillermo Parish Church FlagSealEtymology: Level groundNickname: Athens of PampangaMotto: Non Plus Ultra (English: No Further Beyond)Map of Pampanga with Bacolor highlightedOpenStreetMapBacolorLocation within the PhilippinesCoordinates: 14°59′54″N 120°39′10″E / 14.998428°N 120.65265°E…
British mutual insurance firm This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Royal London Group – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Royal London GroupTypeMutual SocietyIndustryFinancial servicesFounded1861; 162 years ago…
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (نوفمبر 2022) تركز نظرية المنعطف الحرج على المنعطفات الحرجة، أي التغيرات الكبيرة والسريعة والمتقطعة، والتأثير السببي طويل المدى أو الإرث التاريخي لهذه التغييرات.[1] ا…
Baterai dengan bermacam ukuran dan voltase Baterai adalah perangkat yang terdiri dari satu atau lebih sel elektrokimia dengan koneksi eksternal yang disediakan untuk memberi daya pada perangkat listrik seperti senter, ponsel, dan mobil listrik.[1] Ketika baterai memasok daya listrik, terminal positifnya adalah katode dan terminal negatifnya adalah anoda.[2] Terminal bertanda negatif adalah sumber elektron yang akan mengalir melalui rangkaian listrik eksternal ke terminal positif.…
2018 horror film directed by Quinn Lasher This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article consists almost entirely of a plot summary. Please help improve the article by adding more real-world context. (November 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding …
1997 studio album by EchobellyLustraStudio album by EchobellyReleased16 November 1997GenreAlternative rockLength46:18LabelEpicProducerGil Norton[1]Echobelly chronology On(1995) Lustra(1997) I Can't Imagine the World Without Me(2001) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllMusic[2]Wall of Sound79/100[3] Lustra was the third album from English alternative rock band Echobelly. The album was delayed due to label difficulties, line-up changes and the health pro…
STS-26TDRS-C dan IUS di ruang muatan Pesawat Ulang Alik DiscoveryJenis misiPeluncuran satelit dan misi Return to FlightOperatorNASACOSPAR ID1988-091ASATCAT no.19547Durasi misi4 hari, 1 jam, 11 detikJarak tempuh2.703.000 kilometer (1.680.000 mi)Frekuensi orbit64 Properti wahanaWahana antariksaPesawat Ulang Alik DiscoveryMassa luncur115.487 kilogram (254.605 pon)Massa mendarat88.078 kilogram (194.179 pon)Massa muatan21.082 kilogram (46.478 pon) AwakJumlah awak5AwakFrederic…
2000 studio album by Damien JuradoGhost of DavidStudio album by Damien JuradoReleasedSeptember 19, 2000GenreIndie rockLength43:55LabelSub PopDamien Jurado chronology Rehearsals for Departure(1999) Ghost of David(2000) I Break Chairs(2002) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllMusic[1]Pitchfork8.2/10[2] Ghost of David is an album by the singer-songwriter Damien Jurado, released in 2000 on Sub Pop.[3][4] The title comes from a dream Jurado had in w…
2005 social simulation video game 2005 video gameAnimal Crossing: Wild WorldNorth American box artDeveloper(s)Nintendo EADPublisher(s)NintendoDirector(s)Hisashi NogamiProducer(s)Katsuya EguchiDesigner(s)Ryuji KobayashiProgrammer(s)Masaru NiiArtist(s)Koji TakahashiWriter(s)Takayuki IkkakuArisa HosakaToshihiro KawabataComposer(s)Kazumi TotakaAsuka HayazakiSeriesAnimal CrossingPlatform(s)Nintendo DSReleaseJP: November 23, 2005NA: December 5, 2005AU: December 8, 2005EU: March 31, 2006Genre(s)Life si…
La France m³ gas: 1860 m³ waterstof Lengte: 51 ½ m Diameter: 9 m Gebruik: Experimenteel De 1884 La France, het eerste volledig stuurbare luchtschip De La France was het eerste volledig stuurbare luchtschip. Charles Renard en kapitein Arthur C. Krebs ontwierpen na de gebroeders Tissandier een luchtschip dat zij La France noemden. Op de ballon paste men als eerste een soort van stroomlijn toe. Zij gebruikten evenals de gebroeders Tissandier een elektromotor van ongeveer 8½ pk, die in comb…
Italian politician and linguist Stefania GianniniMinister of Education, Universities and ResearchIn office22 February 2014 – 16 December 2016Prime MinisterMatteo RenziPreceded byMaria Chiara CarrozzaSucceeded byValeria FedeliMember of the Senate of the RepublicIn office15 March 2013 – 23 March 2018ConstituencyTuscany Personal detailsBorn (1960-11-18) 18 November 1960 (age 63)Lucca, ItalyPolitical partyDemocratic Party (2015-present)Civic Choice (2013-2015)Children2Alma…
Scottish railway track width Track gauge By transport mode Tram Rapid transit Miniature Scale model By size (list) Minimum Minimum Fifteen inch 381 mm (15 in) Narrow 600 mm Two foot Two foot three inch 600 mm 610 mm 686 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) (2 ft) (2 ft 3 in) 750 mm Bosnian gauge Two foot six inch 750 mm 760 mm 762 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) (2 ft 5+15⁄16 in) (2 ft 6 in) Swedish three foot 900 mm Three foot Italian metre 891 mm 900 mm 914 mm 950 m…