Port Mansfield Channel

Port Mansfield Channel
Port Mansfield Channel
Mansfield Cut at Padre Island
Port Mansfield Channel Entrance
Location	Padre Island Port Mansfield, Texas Willacy County, Texas
Country	United States
Coordinates	26.5609°N 97.34831°W / 26.5609; -97.34831 (Port Mansfield Channel)
Specifications
Length	15.3 km (9.5 miles)
Navigation authority	☆ Port of Port Mansfield ☆ Willacy County Navigation District
Port Mansfield Marinas	Port Mansfield Boat Basin Marina (Map). Willacy County Navigation District Marina (Map).
History
Former names	East Cut Mansfield Cut Port Mansfield Gulf Channel
Modern name	Port Mansfield Channel[1]
Current owner	Willacy County Navigation District
Other engineer(s)	Army Corps of Engineers
Construction began	September 1957
Date restored	July 1962
Topo Map	Port Mansfield Channel (Map).
Geography
Start point	Gulf of Mexico
End point	Red Fish Bay, Texas (Map).
Beginning coordinates	26.564045°N 97.268697°W / 26.564045; -97.268697
Ending coordinates	26.558954°N 97.401091°W / 26.558954; -97.401091
Connects to	Gulf Intracoastal Waterway Laguna Madre
GNIS feature ID	1344370

Port Mansfield Channel or Mansfield Cut is an artificial waterway encompassing the Laguna Madre positioned at the 97th meridian west on the earth's longest barrier island known as Padre Island.^[2][3] During Post–World War II, the tidal inlet was dredged as a private channel differentiating North Padre Island better known as Padre Island National Seashore and South Padre Island.^[4] The navigable waterway was channeled during the late 1950s ceremoniously cresting the intertidal zone of the Gulf of Mexico by September 1957 on the Texas Gulf Coast.^[5][6]

Mansfield Channel Jetties

The marginal sea inlet was defined by wave-dissipating concrete blocks similarly referred to as tetrapods protracting into the Gulf of Mexico at Padre Island. The breakwater structure was severely dilapidated during the 1957 Atlantic hurricane season with the Bay of Campeche spawning Hurricane Audrey and Tropical Storm Esther engulfing the existing jetty harbor entrance on Padre Island.^[7]

In 1962, the United States Army Corps of Engineers devised an expansive coastal engineered jetty system resiliently controlling coastal sediment transport, longshore drift, and shoaling during diverse gravity wave, wind wave, and inimical oceanic wave dispersion.^[8] The breakwater jetties were constructed with granite boulders situated as an eastern protrusion of 580 yards (530 m) and 825 yards (754 m) from the Padre Island shoreline into the Gulf of Mexico continental margin. The granite piers have a divisionary distance of 315 yards (288 m) permitting navigable transit passage from the brackish water of the Laguna Madre to the easterly Gulf of Mexico horizon.^[9] The coastal management framework was collaterally conformable given the imminent intervals of low-pressure weather systems and storm surges charged by the gradient intensity of tropical cyclones encroaching the Texas seacoast.

History

During the 1940s, the state of Texas and the United States commenced surveying the Laguna Madre-Padre Island coastal basin for a conducive estuary landing seeking to proportion the maritime transport of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway.^[10][11] The intracoastal waterway and Laguna Madre-Padre Island basin observation determined the anonymous fish camp known as Red Fish Landing to be an adaptable and practical vicinity for a waterfront berth. The Red Fish Bay locality sustained a nautical mid-point considering the distance of 85 miles (137 km) from Corpus Christi, Texas and 35 miles (56 km) from Brownsville, Texas.

In 1949, the 81st United States Congress reached a consensus regarding the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1950 as enacted into law by 33rd President of the United States Harry Truman on May 17, 1950.^[12] The Act of Congress authorized the waterfront domain known as Red Fish Landing to be unanimously entitled as Port Mansfield as an honorary acknowledgment of Joseph J. Mansfield.^[13][14] The inland port would serve the public good of the ecotone basin as a water vessel berth for future decades.

During the 1950s, United States House of Representatives and United States Senate congressional sessions appointed Public works committee hearings furthering the fact-finding with regards to the waterway project of the Laguna Madre-Padre Island basin. The legislative hearings supported congressional oversight concerning the navigability of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, Laguna Madre, and the continuation of estuaries of Texas to the Port of Brownsville and South Bay at the Mexico–United States border.^[15][16]

Padre Island, Texas Climate chart (explanation) J F M A M J J A S O N D     1     73 51     3.5     72 54     3     77 57     0.2     81 62     1.9     84 69     1.2     91 74     3     94 75     1.2     95 74     6.3     94 73     5.5     85 66     3.4     80 57     2.2     70 45 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information Metric conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     26     23 11     88     22 12     76     25 14     5.8     27 17     48     29 21     29     33 23     77     34 24     30     35 23     160     34 23     140     29 19     86     27 14     56     21 7 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm

See also

• Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge
• Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge
• Mansfield Cut Underwater Archeological District
• Texas barrier islands

References

1. Port Mansfield Channel in Geonames.org (cc-by)
2. "Northern Part of Laguna Madre ~ Chart 1287". NOAA Office of Coast Survey. United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. October 1923.
3. "Southern Part of Laguna Madre ~ Chart 1288". NOAA Office of Coast Survey. United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. December 1933.
4. "Padre Island National Seashore Act of 1962 ~ P.L. 87-712". 76 Stat. 651 ~ Senate Bill 4. USLaw.Link. September 28, 1962.
5. Leatherwood, Art. "Port Mansfield Channel". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association.
6. Kieslich, James M. (May 1, 1977). "DTIC ADA042651: A Case History of Port Mansfield Channel, Texas" [Figure 4: Port Mansfield Channel, 15 March 1957]. Internet Archive. Defense Technical Information Center. p. 17.
7. Kieslich, James M. (May 1, 1977). "DTIC ADA042651: A Case History of Port Mansfield Channel, Texas" [Figure 5: Port Mansfield Channel Entrance, November 1957]. Internet Archive. Defense Technical Information Center. p. 18.
8. "Senator Allen J. Ellender – Public Works Assessment Statement – Port Mansfield Director Charles R. Johnson" [Public Works Appropriations, 1960 ~ U.S. Senate, Eighty-sixth Congress, H.R. 7509 – Making Appropriations for Civil Functions Administered by the Department of the Army]. HathiTrust Digital Library. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 2150. OCLC 9711636.
9. Kieslich, James M. (May 1, 1977). "DTIC ADA042651: A Case History of Port Mansfield Channel, Texas" [Figure E-5: Port Mansfield Channel Entrance, January and July 1962]. Internet Archive. Defense Technical Information Center. p. 60.
10. "River and Harbor Act of 1945 ~ P.L. 79-14" (PDF). 59 Stat. 10 ~ Senate Bill 35. USLaw.Link. March 2, 1945.
11. Leatherwood, Art. "Gulf Intracoastal Waterway". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association.
12. "River and Harbor Act of 1950 ~ P.L. 81-516" (PDF). 64 Stat. 163 ~ House Bill 5472. USLaw.Link. May 17, 1950.
13. "Senate Vote #309 in 1950 (81st Congress) ~ HR 5472 Passage: 53-19". GovTrack. April 17, 1950.
14. "House Vote #179 in 1950 (81st Congress) ~ HR 5472 Passage: 210-137". GovTrack. May 3, 1950.
15. "Gulf Intracoastal Waterway ~ Channel to Port Mansfield, Texas" [United States Congressional Serial Set No. 12178]. HathiTrust Digital Library. United States Government Printing Office. pp. 42-P. IX.
16. "Gulf Intracoastal Waterway ~ Channel to Port Mansfield, Texas" [United States Congressional Serial Set No. 12178]. HathiTrust Digital Library. United States Government Printing Office. pp. 1–58.

External links

• Media related to Port Mansfield Channel at Wikimedia Commons
• Padre Island travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Rio Grande Valley travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Kieslich, James M. (October 1, 1981). "DTIC ADA112448: Tidal Inlet Response to Jetty Construction". Internet Archive. Defense Technical Information Center.