Pidvolochysk

Pidvolochysk Підволочиськ Podwołoczyska
Rural settlement
Coat of arms
Pidvolochysk Show map of Ternopil Oblast Pidvolochysk Show map of Ukraine
Coordinates: 49°31′48″N 26°08′27″E
Country	Ukraine
Oblast	Ternopil Oblast
Raion	Ternopil Raion
Hromada	Pidvolochysk settlement hromada
First mentioned	1463
Area
• Total	9.06 km^2 (3.50 sq mi)
Elevation	281 m (922 ft)
Population  (2022)[1]
• Total	7,632
• Density	840/km^2 (2,200/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code	47800
Area code	+380 3543

Pidvolochysk (Ukrainian: Підволочиськ; Polish: Podwołoczyska; Yiddish: פּאָדוואָלאָטשיסק, romanized: Podvolitchisk) is a rural settlement in Ternopil, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. It is situated on the right side of the Zbruch River, opposite Volochysk in neighboring Khmelnytskyi Oblast. Pidvolochysk hosts the administration of the Pidvolochysk settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.^[2] Population: 7,632 (2022 estimate).^[1]

There are natural monuments - Pidvolochysk Well, as well as Pidvolochysk Nature Reserve, near the settlement.

History

Around 1910, Pidvolochysk, the town - like the rest of the then Austrian Galicia - was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Before World War II, a majority of the inhabitants were Jewish.^[3]

In July 1941, Germans created a labor camp for the Jews. In 1942 part of the prisoners were transported to Zbaraż and Kamionka.^[4][5] In October 1942, the transport was sent to Bełżec extermination camp. The final annihilation, of those who were left, took place during the liquidation of the camp on 29 June 1943.^[6]

The Podwolocyska Organization was headed by Bernard Lerner (died 1988),^[7] later headed by Borekh Goldshteyn.^[8]) who published an account of WWII era ^[9][10]

Until 18 July 2020, Pidvolochysk was the administrative center of Pidvolochysk Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Pidvolochysk Raion was merged into Ternopil Raion.^[11][12]

Until 26 January 2024, Pidvolochysk was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Pidvolochysk became a rural settlement.^[13]

It was also the birthplace (1910) of fringe Israel Scheib (later Eldad), radical nationalist Israeli politician and a leader of the anti-British Lehi underground organization.

Notable people

• Efim Alexandrov, a Yiddish singer of Russia
• Israel Eldad, Jewish philosopher and member of the pre-state underground group Lehi
• Hermann Kesten, writer
• Walter Krivitsky, a defected Chekist
• Ignace Reiss, a defected Chekist
• Lidia Winniczuk, a Polish philologist and historian, a member of the Warsaw Scientific Society and a professor of the Warsaw University
• Pawlo Humeniuk, a Ukrainian American fiddler

Gallery

• 
  Hromnytsky villa
• 
  Craft School
• 
  Greek-catholic Trinity Church in Pidvolochysk

References

1. Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
2. "Подволочиская громада" (in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
3. "Yad Vashem. (Podwołoczyska)". yadvashem.org (in Hebrew). Retrieved 24 January 2021.
4. "moreshet.pl". moreshet.pl (in Hebrew). Archived from the original on May 13, 2018. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
5. Dean, Martin (28 May 2008). "Soviet Ethnic Germans and the Holocaust in the Reich Commissariat, Ukraine, 1941–1944". In Ray Brandon; Wendy Lower (eds.). The Shoah in Ukraine: History, Testimony, Memorialization. Indiana University Press. pp. 248–272, 262. ISBN 978-0-253-00159-7.
6. "History - Jewish community before 1989 - Podwołoczyska - Virtual Shtetl". Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
7. "Podvolochisk, Ukraine". jewishgen.org. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
8. "Podvolochisk, Ukraine". jewishgen.org. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
9. "Collections Search - United States Holocaust Memorial Museum". collections.ushmm.org. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
10. The story of Podwolocyska: a Ukarainian town on the Russian border.., WorldCat.org. Accessed 15 October 2022.
11. "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ". Голос України (in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
12. "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
13. "Что изменится в Украине с 1 января". glavnoe.in.ua (in Russian). 1 January 2024.