Patillas, Puerto Rico

Patillas
Municipio Autónomo de Patillas
Town and Municipality
Beach in Patillas
Beach in Patillas
Flag of Patillas
Flag
Coat of arms of Patillas
Coat of arms
Nicknames: 
"La Esmeralda del Sur", "Los Leones"
Anthem: "Patillenses"
Map of Puerto Rico highlighting Patillas Municipality
Map of Puerto Rico highlighting Patillas Municipality
Coordinates: 18°00′23″N 66°00′57″W / 18.00639°N 66.01583°W / 18.00639; -66.01583
Sovereign state United States
Commonwealth Puerto Rico
Settled1760
FoundedOctober 31, 1811
Founded byMarcos Xiorro
Barrios
16 barrios
Government
 • MayorMaritza Sánchez Neris (PNP)
 • Senatorial dist.7 - Humacao
 • Representative dist.34
Area
 • Total
59.3 sq mi (153.62 km2)
 • Land48.3 sq mi (125 km2)
 • Water11.1 sq mi (28.62 km2)
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total
15,985
 • Rank66th in Puerto Rico
 • Density270/sq mi (100/km2)
DemonymPatillenses
Time zoneUTC−4 (AST)
ZIP Code
00723
Area code787/939
Major routes

Patillas (Spanish pronunciation: [paˈtiʎas], locally [paˈtiʎaʔ]) is a beach town and municipality of Puerto Rico located in the southeastern coast, south of San Lorenzo; west of Yabucoa and Maunabo; and east of Guayama and Arroyo. It is spread over 15 barrios and Patillas Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is part of the Guayama Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Europeans had settled the area as early as 1760. There was, however, no permanent settlement until the town was officially founded in 1811. In 1841 a fire in Patillas killed a great many people.[2]

Patillas is located along the southeastern coast of the main island of Puerto Rico. There was an establishment of a sugar cane mill which took advantage of the agricultural potential the coastal valley provided. As this establishment provided a good source of income for the neighbors it also was the main reason for the town's foundation in 1811. Doña Adelina Cintrón, owner of "La Finca Patillas", donated almost 8 acres (32,000 m2) of land for the foundation. Most of the neighbors then relocated to the west side of the proposed site called Cacao Bajo.

Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 and became a territory of the United States. In 1899, the United States Department of War conducted a census of Puerto Rico finding that the population of Patillas was 11,163.

On September 20, 2017 Hurricane Maria struck the island of Puerto Rico. In Patillas, power was out and 341 homes were completely destroyed. Wind and rain triggered numerous landslides making roads inaccessible.[3][4][5]

Geography

Patillas is located on the southeastern coast. Despite being located in the region known as the Coast Valley of the South, a part of the town is mountainous. The Sierra de Cayey borders the town's territory through the northern region, and the Sierra de Guardarraya through the east.[6] The city is located in USDA plant hardiness zone 13a (60 to 65 °F/15.6 to 18.3 °C), although the municipality also contains hardiness zones 12b and 12a (55 to 60 °F/12.8 to 15.6 °C and 50 to 55 °F/10 to 12.8 °C) at higher elevations.[7][8]

Map References

Coordinates: 18.0064° N, 66.0158° W Zip Code: 00723 Driving Distance from San Juan: 59.6 miles Driving Time: 1 hour, 31 minutes

Transportation

Puerto Rico Highway 53 and Puerto Rico Highway 3 provide access to Patillas from the nearby city of Ponce. Patillas lies at about 1.25 hours from San Juan.

There was an airport, Patillas Airport, but it did not have any commercial air service when it was closed. The nearest commercial airport with international air service (to the United States mainland) is Mercedita Airport in Ponce. The nearest commercial airport with major commercial air service is Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport in Carolina.

There are 32 bridges in Patillas.[9]

Barrios

These are the barrios, or subdivisions, of Patillas, a municipality in the southeastern area of Puerto Rico.

Like all municipalities of Puerto Rico, Patillas is subdivided into barrios. The municipal buildings, central square and large Catholic church are located in a barrio referred to as "el pueblo".[10][11][12]

  1. Apeadero
  2. Bajo
  3. Cacao Alto
  4. Cacao Bajo
  5. Egozcue
  6. Guardarraya
  7. Jacaboa
  8. Jagual
  9. Mamey
  10. Marín
  11. Mulas
  12. Muñoz Rivera
  13. Patillas barrio-pueblo
  14. Pollos
  15. Quebrada Arriba
  16. Ríos

Sectors

Further information: List of barrios and sectors of Patillas, Puerto Rico

Barrios (which are like minor civil divisions)[13] and subbarrios,[14] are further subdivided into smaller areas called sectores (sectors in English). The types of sectores may vary, from normally sector to urbanización to reparto to barriada to residencial, among others.[15][16][17]

Special Communities

Main article: Puerto Rico Office for Socioeconomic and Community Development

Comunidades Especiales de Puerto Rico (Special Communities of Puerto Rico) are marginalized communities whose citizens are experiencing a certain amount of social exclusion. A map shows these communities occur in nearly every municipality of the commonwealth. Of the 742 places that were on the list in 2014, the following barrios, communities, sectors, or neighborhoods were in Patillas: Sector Barro Blanco in Bajos, Sector Higüero in Jacaboa, Sector Recio in Guardarraya, and Quebrada Arriba.[18]

Tourism

Landmarks and places of interest

There are 28 beaches in Patillas.[19][20] Inches Beach in Patillas is considered a dangerous beach.[21]

Some places of interest in Patillas include:[22]

Festivals and events

Patillas celebrates its patron saint festival in August. The Fiestas Patronales de San Benito Abad is a religious and cultural celebration that generally features parades, games, artisans, amusement rides, regional food, and live entertainment.[6][23]

Other festivals and events celebrated in Patillas include:

  • Emerald of the South Carnival – May
  • Southeast Marathon – November
  • Wheat Flour Festival – December
  • Christmas Parade – December

Bodies of water

Lago Patillas is a man-made reservoir in Patillas.

Río de Apeadero, Río Chico, Río Grande de Patillas, Río Jacaboa, and Río Marín (rivers) and a number of creeks flow through Patillas. There is also the Patillas Reservoir called Lago Patillas which was built in 1914. The Patillas and Marín Rivers flow into the reservoir which is also used for fishing.

Economy

In 2021 the Leader of the Association of Plantain Producers in Puerto Rico indicated the town was one of the main areas of production of plantains.[24]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
190011,163—
191014,44829.4%
192014,284−1.1%
193014,178−0.7%
194017,31922.2%
195018,8518.8%
196017,106−9.3%
197017,8284.2%
198017,774−0.3%
199019,63310.5%
200020,1522.6%
201019,277−4.3%
202015,985−17.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[25]
1899 (shown as 1900)[26] 1910-1930[27]
1930-1950[28] 1960-2000[29] 2010[30] 2020[31]

According to the 2000 census, Patillas had a population of 20,152 with a population density is 426.0 people per square mile (163.9/km2). There was a decline in the population during the 1960s and the 1990s and most recently in the 2010 and 2020 census.

Puerto Rico is primarily made up of a mix of ancestors from Indigenous, European or African descent. Statistics from the 2000 census shows that 67.7% of Patillenses self-identify as European or white origin; only 12.3% self-identify as Afro Puerto Rican and 0.5% self-identify as Amerindian.

Race - Patillas, Puerto Rico - 2000 Census[33]
Race Population % of Total
White 13,633 67.7%
Black/African American 2,482 12.3%
American Indian and Alaska Native 95 0.5%
Asian 23 0.1%
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 7 0.0%
Some other race 1,452 7.2%
Two or more races 2,460 12.2%

Government

Main article: Mayoralty in Puerto Rico

Like all municipalities in Puerto Rico, Patillas is administered by a mayor. The current mayor is Maritza Sánchez Neriz, from the New Progressive Party (PNP). Sanchez was elected at the 2020 general election.[34]

The city belongs to the Puerto Rico Senatorial district VII, which is represented by two Senators. In 2012, Jorge Suárez and José Luis Dalmau were elected as District Senators.[35]

Education

Patillas has several public and private schools distributed through several regions. Public education is handled by the Puerto Rico Department of Education.

Symbols

The municipio has an official flag and coat of arms.[36]

Flag

The flag of Patillas has four green rectangles on the corners that symbolize the valleys and mountains of the town. These rectangles are separated by a golden cross symbolizing the fidelity to the town's religious patron "El Santo Cristo de la Salud". Superimposed in the middle of the golden cross is an emerald, thus the nickname "La Esmeralda del Sur".[37]

The art design of the flag was a creation of Pedro de Pedro in 1977. Each symbol on the flag was defined by Pedro J. Rivera Arbolay. The legal assessor was the attorney Roberto Beascochea Lota.[37]

Coat of arms

The coat of arms features a crow with a piece of bread in its beak, which represents the bird that saved the life to San Benito Abad, patron of the town, from being poisoned with a piece of bread. The castle with three windows symbolizes the captivity of Santa Barbara, matron of Patillas in the first years of the foundation and the devotion to the Holy Trinity. The cross represents Santo Cristo de la Salud. The two crossed machetes underneath the cross represent the peasants' struggle in the sugar cane plantations and the origins of economic development. The three towers in the superior part mean that Patillas is categorized as a town. The watermelon leaf, fruit that abounded in the west of Patillas, is the reason for the name of the town. The motto "Ora et Labora", means "Pray and Work"; motto of the religious order of San Benito Abad.[37]

Names

The name Patillas is originally an indigenous name for a native type of watermelon. The large abundance of this fruit in the area, along with the land donation from the original owner, lead to the town's name.

The Emerald of the South

Although it is both a mountain town and a beach town, Patillas is known as the "Emerald of the South" for its majestic green color that stands out from the mountains with the reflection of the sun. This town has natural resources that invite the disconnection of the bustle of the city, such as beaches, forests, and the Patillas Lake. The coastal waters and the lake are used by many for recreational fishing.

Anthem: "Patillenses"

By Andrés Plaud Soto

"Patillenses, ¡Veis la luz, de la antorcha y su esplendor, que ilumina en noble gesta de amor... la ruta que recorrió, el que por ti ayer luchó, en las lides de los campos del honor!

No olvidéis otras proezas en las Artes del Saber, producto de otros hermanos, que este pueblo vio nacer. Sus conquistas celebramos con solemne admiración: ¡Hosana mis compueblanos... Les brindo mi corazón!"

Notable "Patillenses"

  • David "Quique" Bernier - Dentist, athlete, politician and 2016 nominee for governor under the Popular Democratic Party who served in various roles in public service in Puerto Rico.
  • Francisco Cervoni-Gely – poet, playwright, journalist, and political figure. He was a delegate to the House for Guayama (1911 – 1912). His plays include Los suegros (1897) and La cruz roja (1928). His poetry was published in newspapers and magazines.
  • Gaspar Cochran – Recreational leader of Patillas in 1952 and the first to register a baseball team class "A" called the Lions of Patillas. For 20 years he was director of the annual Patron Saint Festivals.
  • José Dávila Ricci – political figure and journalist. Dávila was a member of the governing board of the Liberal Party (1932 – 1940). He also founded and presided the Puerto Rico Journalism Association (1938). He collaborated with newspapers such as El Mundo and El Universal, and headed La Democracia (1928 – 1932), Puerto Rico Ilustrado (1937 – 1938) and El Imparcial.
  • Edmundo Disdier – musician and composer[38]
  • Olga D. González-Sanabria - Scientist and inventor
  • Luisa Lebrón Burgos - Judge, politician, and former member of the Senate of Puerto Rico from 1993 to 2000. She currently serves as a judge in the Carolina region
  • Ramón Lebrón-Rodríguez – writer. His works include Esbozo histórico del Derecho Penal (1916) and La vida de un prócer (1954)
  • Angelita Lind – Winner of three gold medals, 3 silver medals and 1 bronze medal, she participated in 3 Central American and Caribbean Games, 3 Pan American Games and the Olympics in Los Angeles, California
  • Emilio "Millito" Navarro (born September 26, 1905 in the city of Patillas, Puerto Rico) - First Puerto Rican to play baseball in the Negro leagues.
  • Paulino Rodríguez – His literary work includes: Gotas de Estío (children's reading), The Son of Regret (novel), My Lonely Garden (poetry), and the History of the Town of Patillas.
  • Jalil Sued-Badillo – historian and teacher[39]
  • Cirilo Tirado Rivera - Politician
  • Awilda Villarini - composer and pianist

See also

References

  1. ^ Bureau, US Census. "PUERTO RICO: 2020 Census". The United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 25, 2021. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  2. ^ Manuel Ubeda y Delgado (1878). Isla de Puerto Rico: estudio histórico, geográfico y estadístico de la misma (in Spanish). Academia Puertorriqueńa de la Historia. pp. 271–. Archived from the original on August 22, 2020. Retrieved August 22, 2020.
  3. ^ "María, un nombre que no vamos a olvidar. Incredulidad en Patillas tras el paso destructivo de María" [Maria, a name we will never forget. Disbelief in Patillas after the destructive path of Maria]. El Nuevo Día (in Spanish). June 13, 2019. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  4. ^ "Preliminary Locations of Landslide Impacts from Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico". USGS Landslide Hazards Program. USGS. Archived from the original on March 3, 2019. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
  5. ^ "Preliminary Locations of Landslide Impacts from Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico" (PDF). USGS Landslide Hazards Program. USGS. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 3, 2019. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
  6. ^ a b "Patillas Municipality". enciclopediapr.org. Fundación Puertorriqueña de las Humanidades (FPH). Archived from the original on August 22, 2020. Retrieved March 20, 2019.
  7. ^ "2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map | USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map". planthardiness.ars.usda.gov. Retrieved August 28, 2024.
  8. ^ "ZIP Code 00723 - Patillas, Puerto Rico Hardiness Zones". www.plantmaps.com. Retrieved August 28, 2024.
  9. ^ "Patillas Bridges". National Bridge Inventory Data. US Dept. of Transportation. Archived from the original on February 20, 2019. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
  10. ^ Picó, Rafael; Buitrago de Santiago, Zayda; Berrios, Hector H. Nueva geografía de Puerto Rico: física, económica, y social, por Rafael Picó. Con la colaboración de Zayda Buitrago de Santiago y Héctor H. Berrios. San Juan Editorial Universitaria, Universidad de Puerto Rico,1969. Archived from the original on December 26, 2018. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  11. ^ Gwillim Law (May 20, 2015). Administrative Subdivisions of Countries: A Comprehensive World Reference, 1900 through 1998. McFarland. p. 300. ISBN 978-1-4766-0447-3. Retrieved December 25, 2018.
  12. ^ "Map of Patillas at the Wayback Machine" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 24, 2018. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  13. ^ "US Census Barrio-Pueblo definition". factfinder.com. US Census. Archived from the original on May 13, 2017. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  14. ^ "P.L. 94-171 VTD/SLD Reference Map (2010 Census): Patillas Municipio, PR" (PDF). www2.census.gov. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 22, 2020. Retrieved August 22, 2020.
  15. ^ "Agencia: Oficina del Coordinador General para el Financiamiento Socioeconómico y la Autogestión (Proposed 2016 Budget)". Puerto Rico Budgets (in Spanish). Archived from the original on June 28, 2019. Retrieved June 28, 2019.
  16. ^ Rivera Quintero, Marcia (2014), El vuelo de la esperanza: Proyecto de las Comunidades Especiales Puerto Rico, 1997-2004 (first ed.), San Juan, Puerto Rico Fundación Sila M. Calderón, ISBN 978-0-9820806-1-0
  17. ^ "Leyes del 2001". Lex Juris Puerto Rico (in Spanish). Archived from the original on September 14, 2018. Retrieved June 24, 2020.
  18. ^ Rivera Quintero, Marcia (2014), El vuelo de la esperanza:Proyecto de las Comunidades Especiales Puerto Rico, 1997-2004 (Primera edición ed.), San Juan, Puerto Rico Fundación Sila M. Calderón, p. 273, ISBN 978-0-9820806-1-0
  19. ^ "Las 1,200 playas de Puerto Rico [The 1200 beaches of Puerto Rico]". Primera Hora (in Spanish). April 14, 2017. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  20. ^ "Beach Monitoring and Public Notification Program" (PDF). drna.pr.gov. Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources. March 6, 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 22, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
  21. ^ "Conoce las 11 playas más peligrosas de Puerto Rico [Know the 11 most dangerous beaches in Puerto Rico]". El Nuevo Día (in Spanish). July 4, 2018. Retrieved May 13, 2021.
  22. ^ "Patillas". Discover Puerto Rico. Archived from the original on November 4, 2019. Retrieved November 4, 2019.
  23. ^ "Puerto Rico Festivales, Eventos y Actividades en Puerto Rico". Puerto Rico Hoteles y Paradores (in Spanish). Archived from the original on February 26, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
  24. ^ VOCERO, Brenda A. Vázquez Colón, EL. "Favorecen la exportación del plátano boricua y piden al gobierno que impulse su venta fuera del País". El Vocero de Puerto Rico (in Spanish). Retrieved September 5, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  25. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
  26. ^ "Report of the Census of Porto Rico 1899". War Department, Office Director Census of Porto Rico. Archived from the original on July 16, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
  27. ^ "Table 3-Population of Municipalities: 1930, 1920, and 1910" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 17, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
  28. ^ "Table 4-Area and Population of Municipalities, Urban and Rural: 1930 to 1950" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 30, 2015. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  29. ^ "Table 2 Population and Housing Units: 1960 to 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 24, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
  30. ^ Puerto Rico:2010:population and housing unit counts.pdf (PDF). U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau. 2010. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 20, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2018.
  31. ^ Bureau, US Census. "PUERTO RICO: 2020 Census". The United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 25, 2021. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  32. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 27, 1996. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
  33. ^ "Ethnicity 2000 census" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 16, 2008. Retrieved April 6, 2009.
  34. ^ Caraballo, Harry Rodríguez (January 12, 2021). "Juramenta Maritza Sánchez como la nueva alcaldesa de Patillas". Metro (in Spanish). Retrieved January 13, 2021.
  35. ^ Elecciones Generales 2012: Escrutinio General Archived January 23, 2013, at the Wayback Machine on CEEPUR
  36. ^ "Ley Núm. 70 de 2006 -Ley para disponer la oficialidad de la bandera y el escudo de los setenta y ocho (78) municipios". LexJuris de Puerto Rico (in Spanish). Retrieved June 15, 2021.
  37. ^ a b c "PATILLA". LexJuris (Leyes y Jurisprudencia) de Puerto Rico (in Spanish). February 19, 2020. Archived from the original on February 19, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
  38. ^ "Edmundo Disdier – Fundación Nacional para la Cultura Popular". Fundación Nacional para la Cultura Popular (in Spanish). Retrieved March 19, 2021.
  39. ^ "Velada excepcional en el Museo de la Música Puertorriqueña". La Perla del Sur (in Spanish). September 26, 2018. Retrieved March 19, 2021.

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