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Concealer moths
	Adult of unidentified Oecophorinae species,; Aranda (Australia)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Superfamily:	Gelechioidea
Family:	Oecophoridae; Bruand, 1851
Diversity
	7 subfamilies (but see text)
Synonyms
	Ashinagidae Matsumura, 1929;

Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.^[1]

Taxonomy and systematics

Pleurotinae Toll, 1956
Deuterogoniinae Spuler, 1910
Unplaced
- Colchia Lvovsky, 1995

Also possibly included is the Peruvian species Auxotricha ochrogypsa, described by Edward Meyrick in 1931 as the sole member of its genus. In the past, the family was circumscribed more widely and included the following subfamilies:

Amphisbatinae (sometimes in Depressariinae)
Autostichinae
Depressariinae (including Cryptolechiinae)
Hypertrophinae
Metachandinae
Oecophorinae (including Chimabachinae, Deuterogoniinae, Peleopodinae, Philobotinae)
Stathmopodinae
Stenomatinae

*Stathmopoda pedella* (Stathmopodinae) near Ilmenau (Thuringia, Germany)

Some treatments include only the Oecophorinae and Stathmopodinae here, placing the others elsewhere in the Gelechoidea (typically in the Elachistidae, but occasionally as independent families). But this approach might make Elachistidae highly paraphyletic. Other authors go as far as to expand the Oecophoridae beyond the delimitation used here, including also such groups as the Ethmiidae and Xyloryctidae. The latter may indeed be part of a monophyletic Oecophoridae, but more research is required; the Ethmiidae on the other hand are more likely a distinct family. The mysterious genus Aeolanthes is also sometimes included in the Oecophoridae (as a monotypic subfamily Aeolanthinae), but its actual relationships are quite obscure.^[2]

Some additional genera^{[verification needed]} are also treated as Oecophoridae incertae sedis in recent studies:^[3]

Amseloecia Povolný, 1983
Callimodes Leraut, 1989 (Oecophorinae?)
- subgenus Orienta Lvovsky, 1995^[4]
Colchia Lvovsky, 1995
Luquetia Leraut, 1991 (Depressariinae?)
Minetia Leraut, 1991 (Oecophorinae?)
Odonna Clarke, 1982
Schiffermuellerina Leraut, 1989 (Oecophorinae?)
- Schiffermuellerina grandis (Desvignes, 1842)
Zizyphia Chrétien, 1908 (Oecophorinae? Formerly in Gelechiidae)
†Epiborkhausenites Skalski, 1973 (Bartonian age, Baltic amber, Lithuania)^[5]

Relationship with humans

Many concealer moths feed on dead plant material and are nutrient recyclers. On the other hand, the family includes the white-shouldered house moth (Endrosis sarcitrella), which is a widely distributed moth that has caterpillars that infest stored grain, and the brown house moth (Hofmannophila pseudospretella), which feeds on textiles and carpets as well as stored foodstuffs.

Concealer moths have also been put to useful service. Agonopterix ulicetella, a native of Europe, has been introduced to New Zealand and Hawaii in an attempt to control the European gorse (Ulex europaeus), and the defoliating hemlock moth (Agonopterix alstroemeriana) has been used against Conium maculatum poison hemlock in the United States.

Footnotes

^ Hodge (1999)
^ Hodge (1999), ToL (2008), Wikispecies (2010-MAR-24), and see references in Savela (2003)
^ Wikispecies (2010-MAR-24)
^ Savela, Markku. "Callimodes Leraut, 1989". Lepidoptera and some other life forms. Retrieved 2020-01-07.
^ Skalski, A.W. (1973). "Studies on the Lepidoptera from fossil resins. Part II. Epiborkhausenites obscurotrimaculatus gen. et sp. nov. (Oecophoridae) and a tineid-moth discovered in the Baltic amber" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 18 (1): 153–160.

References

Data related to Oecophoridae at Wikispecies
Hodges, R.W. (1999): The Gelechioidea. In: Kristensen, N.P. (ed.): Handbuch der Zoologie/Handbook of Zoology (Volume IV – Arthropoda: Insecta. Part 35: Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies 1): 131–158. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin & New York. ISBN 3-11-015704-7
Savela, Markku (2003): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Oecophoridae. Version of 2003-DEC-29. Retrieved 2010-APR-22.
Tree of Life Web Project (ToL) (2008): Oecophoridae. Version of 2008-MAY-01. Retrieved 2010-APR-22.