The union was established in 1869 as an affiliate of the Miners' National Association (MNA). The association sent William Brown, an experience organiser, to become the union's first agent and secretary. Brown was highly successful at recruitment, raising membership to more than 12,000 by 1871. The union also affiliated to the more radical Amalgamated Association of Miners, although Brown personally favoured avoiding industrial disputes.[1]
By 1874, the price of coal had fallen, along with miners' wages, and union membership. Brown faced criticism for not taking a cut in his own wages. Some lodges left the union, but Brown kept the majority together, reorientating it back towards the MNA.[1]
^ abSeifert, Roger (2006). "The Importance of Being Permanent: A Study of the North Staffordshire Miners' Federation from 1869 to 1874". Midland History. 31 (1): 67–90.