Nordvest-Spitsbergen National Park

Nordvest-Spitsbergen National Park
IUCN category II (national park)
Location	Svalbard, Norway
Coordinates	79°35′N 11°30′E
Area	9,914 km^2 (3,828 sq mi)
Established	1973
Governing body	Directorate for Nature Management

Nordvest-Spitsbergen National Park (Norwegian: Nordvest-Spitsbergen nasjonalpark) is located on the Norwegian arctic archipelago of Svalbard and includes parts of north-west Spitsbergen (Albert I Land and Haakon VII Land) and nearby islands such as Danes Island and Moffen. It contains, among other things, warm springs and remains of volcanoes in Bockfjorden.

History

There are remains of whaling stations and graves from the 17th century. In addition there are remains of several Arctic expeditions, for instance in Virgohamna, Danes Island, the launching point for Swedish engineer S. A. Andrée's failed 1897 attempt to reach the North Pole in a hydrogen balloon. The park was established by royal resolution on 1 June 1973.

Fauna

The park contains numerous colonies of seabirds, in addition to Svalbard reindeer and Arctic fox. It is also a hibernating area for polar bears, and walrus can be found there. About a third of the area, consisting mainly of its sea-cliffs, islands and other coastal features, has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports breeding populations of barnacle and brent geese, common eiders and black guillemots.^[1]

Hot springs

The Troll and Jotun hot springs in the park along the edge of the Bockfjorden are the northernmost documented terrestrial hot springs on earth at almost 80 degrees north latitude. The first documentation of these springs was in the late 1800s. Hoel and Holtedahl^[2] studied these two hot springs in some detail. They reported that the Jotun hot spring has a temperature of 24.5°C and the Troll hot spring has a temperature of 28.3°C.

External links

• An article reporting on studies of characteristics Jotun and Troll hot springs

References

1. "North-west Spitsbergen National Park". Important Bird Areas factsheet. BirdLife International. 2013. Retrieved 2013-08-24.
2. Lavadækkerne, vulkanerne og de varme kilder ved Wood Bay paa Spitsbergen, A. Hoel, O. Holtedahl, Naturen 37, 3-19 (Oslo), 1913.