Myeongjong of Goryeo

Myeongjong
명종
明宗
King of Goryeo
Reign1170–1197
Coronation1170
PredecessorUijong of Goryeo
SuccessorSinjong of Goryeo
RegentYi Ŭi-bang
(1170–1174)
Chŏng Chung-bu
(1174–1179)
Kyŏng Tae-sŭng
(1179–1183)
Yi Ŭi-min
(1183–1196)
Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn
(1196–1197)
BornWang Hŭn
8 November 1131
Yeondeok Palace?, Gaegyeong, Goryeo
Died3 December 1202 (aged 71)
Disputed between: Changrak Palace or Yanghwa Palace, Gaegyeong, Goryeo
Burial
Jireung (지릉; 智陵)
Spouse
​
(before 1152)​
ConcubineLady Myeongchun
Lady Sunju
Issue
Posthumous name
Great King Hwangmyeong Gwanghyo
황명광효대왕
(皇明光孝大王)
Temple name
Myeongjong (명종; 明宗)
HouseWang
DynastyGoryeo
FatherInjong of Goryeo
MotherQueen Gongye
Korean name
Hangul
명종
Hanja
明宗
Revised RomanizationMyeongjong
McCune–ReischauerMyŏngjong
Birth name
Hangul
왕흔, later 왕호
Hanja
王昕, later 王晧
Revised RomanizationWang Heun, later Wang Ho
McCune–ReischauerWang Hŭn, later Wang Ho
Courtesy name
Hangul
지단
Hanja
之旦
Revised RomanizationJidan
McCune–ReischauerChidan
Posthumous name
Hangul
광효대왕
Hanja
光孝大王
Revised RomanizationGwanghyo Daewang
McCune–ReischauerKwanghyo Taewang

Myeongjong (8 November 1131 – 3 December 1202), personal name Wang Ho, was the 19th king of Korea's Goryeo dynasty. He was the third son of King Injong. His reign marked the beginning of the century-long military rule of Korea known as the Goryeo military regime.

Although it was intended that King Injong's second son should succeed his father, he was assassinated because Chŏng Chung-bu feared that he might become a threat to him in the future. Myeongjong was a weak puppet king, and was merely on the throne to show the general populace they still had a king, as the true rulers were the military leaders who had launched a coup d'état against Myeongjong's older brother and had established a military government.[1][2] Despite this, Myeongjong did attempt to play off the military leaders against each other to both secure his own survival but also in an attempt to regain royal authority.[3] His reign saw constant bloodshed as well as the deaths of the military rulers Chŏng Chung-bu, Yi Ŭi-bang, Kyŏng Tae-sŭng, and Yi Ŭi-min.

After twenty-seven years on the throne, he was sent into exile by the military ruler of the time, Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn. King Injong's fifth son, King Sinjong, was placed on the throne.

Family

  1. Queen Uijeong of the Kim clan half second cousin once removed.
    1. Crown Prince Wang Yŏng
    2. Princess Yeonhui
    3. Princess Suan
  2. Concubine Myeongchun (명춘; d. 1180)
  3. Concubine Sunju (순주; d. 1179)
  4. Unknown
    1. Little Prince Wang Sŏn-sa (소군 왕선사)
    2. Little Prince Wang Hong-gi (소군 왕홍기)
    3. Little Prince Wang Hong-ch'u (소군 왕홍추)
    4. Little Prince Wang Hong-gyu (소군 왕홍규)
    5. Little Prince Wang Hong-gyun (소군 왕홍균)
    6. Little Prince Wang Hong-gak (소군 왕홍각)
    7. Little Prince Wang Hong-i (소군 왕홍이)
    8. Royal Lady Wang (왕녀 왕씨) – married Yi Hwa-ryong (이화룡)

References

  1. ^ 이, 한우 (September 6, 2009). "[Why] 고려 의종 때 '무신(武臣)의 난' 간신(奸臣) 무참하게 도륙했지만 문극겸 등 충신(忠臣)은 화 면해". Chosun Ilbo. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  2. ^ 이, 승철 (November 7, 2012). 고려 18대 의종왕 추념식…의종왕의 폐왕무로 원혼 달래며. Geoje News. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  3. ^ 김, 준태 (September 27, 2020). [김준태의 호적수(6) 두경승과 이의민] 고려 무신정권 시기 명종의 생존법. The Economist (Korea). Retrieved 28 January 2024.

See also

Preceded by King of Goryeo
1170–1197 		Succeeded by

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