Mustafa al-Hawsawi

Mustafa Ahmed Adam al-Hawsawi
Mustafa al-Hawsawi sitting crosslegged on a green prayer rug. He is wearing a brown pakol hat and a white T-shirt. He is looking directly into the camera.
Born (1968-08-05) August 5, 1968 (age 56)[1]
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Detained at CIA black site
Guantanamo Bay
ISN10011
Charge(s)Pleaded guilty to charges before a military commission, plea overturned.

Mustafa Ahmed Adam al-Hawsawi (Arabic: مصطفى احمد ادم هوساوي; born August 5, 1968[2]) is a Saudi Arabian citizen. He is alleged to have acted as a key financial facilitator for the September 11 attacks in the United States.[3]

Mustafa al-Hawsawi was captured in Pakistan by Pakistani agents in March 2003 and was transferred to the custody of the United States. He was held in secret CIA black sites until September 2006, when he was transferred to Guantánamo Bay and U.S. officials finally acknowledged his imprisonment.[4] It detained him at the Salt Pit, a secret black site in Afghanistan. It was reported in August 2010 that, after months of interrogation, the CIA transferred al-Hawsawi and three other high-value detainees to Guantanamo Bay detention camp on September 24, 2003, for indefinite detention. Fearing that Rasul v. Bush, a pending Supreme Court case about detainees' habeas corpus rights, might result in having to provide the men with access to counsel, the CIA took back custody on March 27, 2004, and transported the four men to one of their black sites.[5]

It has long been known that, during al-Hawsawi's CIA captivity, his captors injured him, causing him to suffer from anal fissures, chronic hemorrhoids and, most seriously, symptomatic rectal prolapse.[6] When the United States Senate Intelligence Committee published a 600-page unclassified summary of its 6,000-page report on the CIA's use of torture, the world learned that the CIA routinely punished its captives by sodomizing them, claiming the sodomy was the long abandoned medical technique of rectal feeding.[7] The United States Senate Intelligence Committee's investigation of the CIA's Torture Program revealed that detainees were routinely subjected to unnecessary rectal exams without evidence of medical necessity for purposes of behavioral control.[8] CIA leadership, including General Counsel Scott Muller and DDO James Pavitt, were alerted to allegations that rectal exams were conducted with "excessive force" on two detainees at the Salt Pit detention site.[8] CIA records indicate that one of the detainees, Mustafa al-Hawsawi, was later diagnosed with chronic hemorrhoids, an anal fissure, and symptomatic rectal prolapse.[8]

Al-Hawsawi was transferred from CIA custody to military custody at Guantanamo on September 6, 2006. The Bush administration was then confident of the passage of the Military Commissions Act of 2006, which restricted detainee use of habeas corpus, and prohibited them from using the federal court system (this provision was, however, ruled unconstitutional in Boumediene v. Bush (2008), and numerous habeas corpus petitions were refiled in the federal courts). Al-Hawsawi remains incarcerated at Guantanamo Bay. On July 31 2024, Al-Hawsawi agreed to plead guilty to avoid the death penalty. [9][10] His plea deal was revoked by Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin two days later.[11][12]

Alleged role in 9/11 attacks

Although it is alleged that al-Hawsawi was a member of al-Qaeda, he stated in a Combatant Status Review Hearing that he is not a member of al-Qaeda, and never swore an oath of allegiance to Osama bin Laden.[13]

Al-Hawsawi had previously worked in Al-Qaeda's media committee and was selected by Khalid Shaikh Mohammad to assist as a travel and financial facilitator for the hijackers. This was done after Mohammed's nephew, Ali Abdul Aziz Ali, requested assistance with helping the hijackers.[14] Mohammed stated Al-Hawsawi was one of the main contacts for the hijackers while they were in the U.S and that Mohammed's knowledge about the pilots mainly came from Al-Hawsawi or Ramzi Binalshibh.[15]

Al-Hawsawi was charged with being in the United Arab Emirates starting in April 2001, and would help send the last four operatives (other than Mihdhar) to the U.S and assisted them by purchasing clothing, food, lodging, rental cars, traveler's checks, and making travel arrangements.[16] Hawsawi's role as a financial facilitator appeared to have begun when hijacker Banihammad helped Hawsawi complete an account application in the UAE and granted him power of attorney over his account so Hawsawi could forward the bank card to him in the US, $4,900 was subsequently deposited into this account by Hawsawi.[17] Between June, 2001 and September, 2001, Al-Hawsawi collected money, packages and provided various sums money to the hijackers.[18] In early September 2001, hijackers started sending Hawsawi a series of wire transfers totaling about $28,000 — apparently unspent advances on expenses — from addresses in Broward County, Florida and Boston, Al-Hawsawi would later comment that as the money flowed in, he came to understand that "an operation" would soon happen.[19]

On September 11, 2001, Al-Hawsawi traveled from the United Arab Emirates to Pakistan.[20] Al-Hawsawi said that he first learned of the 9/11 operation following the attacks and was surprised by the size of the 9/11 operation.[20]

Al-Hawsawi's arrest on March 1, 2003, in Pakistan was unrelated to any reporting from CIA detainees.[21] He was reportedly taken to the U.S. Bagram airbase in Afghanistan. The CIA maintained a detention and interrogation site there. This was not confirmed by U.S. officials.[22]

On July 31 2024, Al-Hawsawi agreed to plead guilty to avoid the death penalty,[10] but his plea was revoked by Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin two days later.[11][12]

CIA custody

Al-Hawsawi was held in secret CIA custody for several years.[23][24] When the United States Senate Intelligence Committee published a 600-page unclassified summary of its 6,000-page classified report on the CIA's use of torture, it became known that al-Hawsawi was held in several CIA black sites during his years in secret detention, where he was subjected to enhanced interrogation techniques which amounted to torture and cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment. In particular, the report revealed that:

  • Al-Hawsawi had been held in detention site COBALT, believed to be situated in Afghanistan, in 2003.[25] There he was subjected to enhanced interrogation techniques, including water dousing without the approval from CIA headquarters and to rectal examinations conducted with "excessive force", leading to a diagnosis of chronic hemorrhoids, anal fissure, and symptomatic rectal prolapse;[26]
  • During his detention in detention site VIOLET, believed to be located in Lithuania,[27] al-Hawsawi required emergency medical care, but officers denied him access to a local hospital.[28]

Moreover, the findings of the Senate Report raised doubts about Al-Hawsawi's detention, identifying him as one of a number of individuals who were detained under the CIA's program "despite doubts and questions surrounding [his] knowledge of terrorist threats and the location of senior al-Qa'ida leadership".[29] In fact, after his first interrogation, the Chief of Interrogations wrote to CIA Headquarters saying that al-Hawsawi "does not appear to the [sic] be a person that is a financial mastermind."[29]

Questions from Salim Ahmed Hamdan's defense attorney

Wikisource has original text related to this article:

On April 23, 2008, attorneys working on behalf of Salim Ahmed Hamdan requested permission to meet with Abdulmalik Mohammed and Mustafa al-Hawsawi.[30] Hamdan's attorneys had previously requested permission to get the "high-value detainees" to answer written questions. They believed the men would confirm that if Hamdan played a role in al Qaeda, it had been a peripheral one. Abdulmalik Mohammed and Mustafa al-Hawsawi declined to answer the questions, because they said they had no way to know that the questions purporting to be from Hamdan's attorneys were not a ruse. Andrea J. Prasow requested permission for Lieutenant Commander Brian Mizer to meet in person with the two men to try to assure them that the questions were not a ruse, and would not be shared with their interrogators.

Military commission trial

In June 2008, al-Hawsawi and four other "high-value detainees" (Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, Ramzi bin al-Shibh, Ammar al-Baluchi and Walid Bin Attash) were charged with crimes brought before the Guantanamo military commission. The charges included 2,973 individual counts of murder, one for each person killed in the September 11 attacks, as well as conspiracy, murder in violation of the law of war, attacking civilians, attacking civilian objects, intentionally causing serious bodily injury, destruction of property in violation of the law of war, terrorism, and providing material support for terrorism.[31][32] The judge ordered al-Hawsawi and bin al-Shibh to undergo mental competency hearings. On December 8, 2008, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed told the judge that he and the other four indictees wished to confess and plead guilty; however, the plea would be delayed until after the competency hearings for al-Hawsawi and bin al-Shibh, so that all five men could make their plea together.[32] The charges against all five were dismissed on January 21, 2010, before a plea was entered.[33]

In May 2009, Al Arabiya reported that Montasser al-Zayyat, a prominent Egyptian attorney, had been invited to defend al-Hawsawi.[34] Al Zayat described suspecting, at first, that he was the target of a hoax.

On August 31, 2009, Corrections One, a trade journal for the prison industry, proclaimed that "Mustafa Ahmed al-Hawsawi" was one of ten captives they speculated might be moved to a maximum security prison in Standish, Michigan.[35]

Official status reviews

Originally the Bush Presidency asserted that captives apprehended in the "war on terror" were not covered by the Geneva Conventions, and could be held indefinitely, without charge, and without an open and transparent review of the justifications for their detention.[36] In 2004, the United States Supreme Court ruled, in Rasul v. Bush, that Guantanamo captives were entitled to being informed of the allegations justifying their detention, and were entitled to try to refute them.

Office for the Administrative Review of Detained Enemy Combatants

Combatant Status Review Tribunals were held in a 3x5 meter trailer where the captive sat with his hands and feet shackled to a bolt in the floor.[37][38]

Following the Supreme Court's ruling, the Department of Defense set up the Office for the Administrative Review of Detained Enemy Combatants.[36][39]

Scholars at the Brookings Institution, led by Benjamin Wittes, listed the captives still held in Guantanamo in December 2008, according to whether their detention was justified by certain common allegations, as follows:[40]

  • Mustafa Ahmed Adam al Hawasawi was listed as one of the captives who had faced charges before a military commission.[40]

United States Senate Torture Report

On December 9, 2014, a redacted executive summary of the U.S. Senate Intelligence Committee report on CIA torture was publicly released. This executive summary revealed the following information regarding al-Hawsawi's torture:

  • He was subjected to rectal examinations conducted with excessive force and was later diagnosed with chronic hemorrhoids, an anal fissure, and symptomatic rectal prolapse.[8]
  • He was subjected to water dousing without approval from CIA Headquarters in a manner that was indistinguishable from waterboarding.[41] This became the subject of a Central Intelligence Agency Office of Inspector General investigation.
  • He was hospitalized for a medical emergency that occurred during his torture.[42]

Amnesty International, USA Campaign

On December 7, 2015, Amnesty International, USA launched a campaign to raise awareness regarding al-Hawsawi's military commission trial, which they alleged violates international fair trial standards by frustrating the truth seeking process by impeding transparency and denying accountability for torture.[43]

Human Rights bodies' criticism of al-Hawsawi's detention

UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention

On January 23, 2015, the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention held that al-Hawsawi's ongoing detention in Guantánamo Bay was arbitrary, and in contravention of articles 9 and 10 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and 9 and 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.[44]

Inter-American Commission on Human Rights

On July 7, 2015, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights adopted a resolution on precautionary measures regarding al-Hawsawi requesting the United States of America, inter alia, to adopt the necessary measures to protect the life and personal integrity of al-Hawsawi, and to adopt the necessary measures to ensure access to medical care and treatment.[45]

Formerly secret Joint Task Force Guantanamo assessment

On April 25, 2011, whistleblower organization WikiLeaks published formerly secret assessments drafted by Joint Task Force Guantanamo analysts.[46][47] His seven-page Joint Task Force Guantanamo assessment was drafted on December 8, 2006.[48] It was signed by deputy camp commandant Brigadier General Edward L. Secord. He recommended continued detention.

References

  1. ^ https://int.nyt.com/data/documenttools/86387-us9sa-010011dp/3e2523440c26d08a/full.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  2. ^ Indictment of Zacarias Moussaoui, with supporting conspirators, Ramzi Bin al-Shibh and Mustafa al-Hawsawi. Filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia.
  3. ^ The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (2004, P. 172) 9/11 Commission Report.
  4. ^ "Mustafa al-Hawsawi".
  5. ^ "Politics News – Breaking Political News, Video & Analysis". ABC News.
  6. ^ "Rectal rehydration and standing on broken limbs: the CIA torture report's grisliest findings". The Guardian. 2014-12-09. Retrieved 2016-10-11.
  7. ^ Carol Rosenberg (2016-10-11). "'Sodomized' Guantánamo captive to undergo rectal surgery". Miami Herald. Retrieved 2016-10-11. "Mr. Hawsawi was tortured in the black sites. He was sodomized," Ruiz told reporters Monday evening, advising them to "shy away from terms like rectal penetration or rectal rehydration because the reality is it was sodomy," he said. Since then, he said, he has had "to manually reinsert parts of his anal cavity" to defecate.
  8. ^ a b c d "Report of the Senate Select Committee On Intelligence Committee Study of the Central Intelligence Agency's Detention and Interrogation Program Together with Foreword by Chairman Feinstein and Additional and Minority Views (2014, P. 100, n. 584)" (PDF). United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. December 9, 2014.
  9. ^ Nakashima, Ellen; Somasundaram, Praveena (31 July 2024). "Accused 9/11 plotters reach plea deals with U.S. to avoid death penalty". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 1 August 2024. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  10. ^ a b Rosenberg, Carol (31 July 2024). "Accused Sept. 11 Plotters Agree to Plead Guilty at Guantánamo Bay". The New York Times. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  11. ^ a b Rosenberg, Carol (2 August 2024). "Defense Secretary Revokes Plea Deal for Accused Sept. 11 Plotters". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
  12. ^ a b Paúl, María Luisa; Lamothe, Dan; Ferguson, Amber (2 August 2024). "Defense secretary revokes plea deals with accused 9/11 plotters". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 3 August 2024. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
  13. ^ "Verbatim Transcript of Combatant Status Review Tribunal Hearing for ISN 10011" (PDF). (p. 21-22)
  14. ^ https://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  15. ^ http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/moussaoui/sheikhstmt.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  16. ^ http://www.mc.mil/Portals/0/pdfs/KSM2/KSM%20II%20(Sworn%20Charges).pdf [bare URL PDF]
  17. ^ https://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  18. ^ http://www.mc.mil/Portals/0/pdfs/KSM2/KSM%20II%20(Sworn%20Charges).pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  19. ^ Miami Herald https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/guantanamo/article188465064.html. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  20. ^ a b >"Verbatim Transcript of Combatant Status Review Tribunal Hearing for ISN 10011"(p. 27)
  21. ^ "Report of the Senate Select Committee On Intelligence Committee Study of the Central Intelligence Agency's Detention and Interrogation Program Together with Foreword by Chairman Feinstein and Additional and Minority Views (2014, P. 188, n. 1106)" (PDF). United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. December 9, 2014.
  22. ^ Mustafa al-Hawsawi" Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine, Cageprisoners
  23. ^ "CIA prison case: Guantanamo detainee asks Vilnius court for victim status". Vilnius: Baltic Course. 2016-05-23. Retrieved 2016-05-25. According to Ingrida Botyriene, the lawyer, suspicions that al-Hawsawi was kept in the alleged secret CIA site in Lithuania are substantiated by a US Senate report. and evidence collected by non-governmental organizations.
  24. ^ "Talk of CIA Black Site in Lithuania Resurfaces". 2016-05-24. Retrieved 2016-12-30. Captured in 2003, Mustafa al-Hawsawi was held in secret detention centers, human rights organizations say, before being transferred to Guantanamo Bay almost a decade ago. U.S. authorities have accused al-Hawsawi of being a member of al Qaeda and helping with the financing of the 9/11 attacks.
  25. ^ "confidential report of the International Committee of the Red Cross following its visit to fourteen "high value detainees" transferred to Guantanamo in September 2006", 14 February 2007
  26. ^ ""United States Senate Intelligence Committee Report", page 100" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 6, 2015.
  27. ^ "Europe: Breaking The Conspiracy Of Silence: USA's European 'Partners In Crime' Must Act After Senate Torture Report", page 16
  28. ^ ""United States Senate Intelligence Committee Report", page 104" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 6, 2015.
  29. ^ a b ""United States Senate Intelligence Committee Report", page 432" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 6, 2015.
  30. ^ Andrea J. Prasow (2008-04-23). "U.S. v. Hamdan – Special Request for Relief – Supplement" (PDF). Office of Military Commissions. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2008-08-09. Retrieved 2008-12-25.
  31. ^ "Guantanamo 9/11 suspects on trial". BBC News. June 6, 2008. Retrieved December 8, 2008.
  32. ^ a b "Top 9/11 suspects to plead guilty". BBC News. December 8, 2008. Retrieved December 8, 2008.
  33. ^ "Susan J. Crawford, Convening Authority for Military Commissions" (PDF).
  34. ^ Khaled Mahmoud (2009-05-11). "US appoints Islamist lawyer to Gitmo detainee". Al Arabiya. Archived from the original on 2009-05-29.
  35. ^ Kathryn Lynch-Morin (2009-08-31). "Profile of 10 U.S.-bound Gitmo detainees". Corrections One. Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2009-08-02.
  36. ^ a b "U.S. military reviews 'enemy combatant' use". USA Today. 2007-10-11. Archived from the original on 2007-10-23. Critics called it an overdue acknowledgment that the so-called Combatant Status Review Tribunals are unfairly geared toward labeling detainees the enemy, even when they pose little danger. Simply redoing the tribunals won't fix the problem, they said, because the system still allows coerced evidence and denies detainees legal representation.
  37. ^ Guantánamo Prisoners Getting Their Day, but Hardly in Court, New York Times, November 11, 2004 – mirror Archived 2007-09-30 at the Wayback Machine
  38. ^ Inside the Guantánamo Bay hearings: Barbarian "Justice" dispensed by KGB-style "military tribunals", Financial Times, December 11, 2004
  39. ^ "Q&A: What next for Guantanamo prisoners?". BBC News. 2002-01-21. Archived from the original on 23 November 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-24.
  40. ^ a b Benjamin Wittes, Zaathira Wyne (2008-12-16). "The Current Detainee Population of Guantánamo: An Empirical Study" (PDF). The Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-06-01. Retrieved 2010-02-16.
  41. ^ "Report of the Senate Select Committee On Intelligence Committee Study of the Central Intelligence Agency's Detention and Interrogation Program Together with Foreword by Chairman Feinstein and Additional and Minority Views (2014, P. 106)" (PDF). United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. December 9, 2014.
  42. ^ "Report of the Senate Select Committee On Intelligence Committee Study of the Central Intelligence Agency's Detention and Interrogation Program Together with Foreword by Chairman Feinstein and Additional and Minority Views (2014, P. 151-154)" (PDF). United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. December 9, 2014
  43. ^ Amnesty International, USA, Torture Survivor Facing Unfair Treatment
  44. ^ "Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its seventy-first session (17–21 November 2014) No. 50/2014 (United States of America and Cuba)", 13 February 2015
  45. ^ "Inter-American Commission on Human Rights: Resolution 24/2015", 7 July 2015
  46. ^ Christopher Hope; Robert Winnett; Holly Watt; Heidi Blake (2011-04-27). "WikiLeaks: Guantanamo Bay terrorist secrets revealed – Guantanamo Bay has been used to incarcerate dozens of terrorists who have admitted plotting terrifying attacks against the West – while imprisoning more than 150 totally innocent people, top-secret files disclose". The Telegraph (UK). Archived from the original on 2012-07-11. Retrieved 2012-07-13. The Daily Telegraph, along with other newspapers including The Washington Post, today exposes America's own analysis of almost ten years of controversial interrogations on the world's most dangerous terrorists. This newspaper has been shown thousands of pages of top-secret files obtained by the WikiLeaks website.
  47. ^ "WikiLeaks: The Guantánamo files database". The Telegraph (UK). 2011-04-27. Archived from the original on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2012-07-10.
  48. ^ "Mustafa Ahmad Al Hawsawi: Guantanamo Bay detainee file on Mustafa Ahmad Al Hawsawi, US9SA-010011DP, passed to the Telegraph by Wikileaks". The Telegraph (UK). 2011-04-27. Retrieved 2016-12-30.
Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Read other articles:

Nuoto sincronizzato ai campionati europei di nuoto 2018 - Duo misto (programma tecnico)

Voce principale: Nuoto sincronizzato ai Campionati europei di nuoto 2018. Nuoto sincronizzato agli Europei di Glasgow 2018 Singolo   Tecnico   Libero Duo Tecnico   Libero Duo misto Tecnico   Libero Squadre Tecnico   Libero Combinato La competizione di nuoto sincronizzato - Duo misto tecnico dei Campionati europei di nuoto 2018 si è disputata il 3 agosto 2018 presso lo Scotstoun Sports Campus di Glasgow. In totale si sono contese il podio 4 coppie miste di atleti. Med...

 

Sudarshan Ghosh Dastidar

Indian politician Sudarshan Ghosh DastidarMinister for Environmental Affairs, Government of West BengalIn office20 May 2011 – 20 May 2016GovernorM. K. NarayananSucceeded bySovan ChatterjeeMLAIn office13 May 2011 – 4 May 2021Preceded byTamalika SethSucceeded byTilak Kumar ChakrabortyConstituencyMahisadal Personal detailsPolitical partyAll India Trinamool CongressSpouseKakoli Ghosh DastidarChildren2 (sons)ResidenceKolkataWebsiteGDIFR.in Sudarshan Ghosh Dastidar is an India...

 

شارة معسكر الاعتقال النازي

هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها. شعارات النازية من معسكر أعتقال نازي في رسم توضيحي ألماني عام 1936 شارات معسكرات الاعتقال النازية، غالبا ما تكون على شكل مثلثات، كانت جزءا من نظام تحديد الهوية في المعسكرات الن...

Kabupaten Lembata

Koordinat: 8°25′59″S 123°28′01″E / 8.433°S 123.467°E / -8.433; 123.467 Kabupaten LembataKabupatenPendakian menuju puncak Gunung Lewotolo, Ile Ape LambangMotto: Taan tou(Lamaholot) BersatuPetaKabupaten LembataPetaTampilkan peta Kepulauan Sunda KecilKabupaten LembataKabupaten Lembata (Indonesia)Tampilkan peta IndonesiaKoordinat: 8°24′50″S 123°33′08″E / 8.41396°S 123.55225°E / -8.41396; 123.55225Negara IndonesiaPro...

 

جائزة إيطاليا الكبرى 1963

جائزة إيطاليا الكبرى 1963 (بالإنجليزية: XXXIV Italian Grand Prix)‏  السباق 7 من أصل 10 في بطولة العالم لسباقات الفورمولا واحد موسم 1963 السلسلة بطولة العالم لسباقات فورمولا 1 موسم 1963  البلد إيطاليا  التاريخ 8 سبتمبر 1963 مكان التنظيم حلبة مونزا، إيطاليا طول المسار 5.750 كيلومتر (3.573 مي...

 

T'way Airlines

T'way Air 티웨이항공 Ti-wei Hanggong IATA ICAO Kode panggil TW TWB TEEWAY Didirikan01 April 2005 (2005-04-01) (sebagai Hansung Airlines)13 Agustus 2010 (2010-08-13) (sebagai T'way Air)Mulai beroperasi13 Agustus 2005 (2005-08-13) (sebagai Hansung Airlines)16 September 2010 (2010-09-16) (sebagai T'way Air)PenghubungBandar Udara Internasional GimpoBandar Udara Internasional IncheonKota fokusBandar Udara Internasional DaeguArmada31Tujuan46Perusahaan indukT'way Holdings In...

History of the creation–evolution controversy

Aspect of historyThis article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (April 2022)Part of a series onCreationism History Types Young Earth Time dilation creationism Old Earth day-age gap progressive Neo-creationism Biblical cosmology Book of Genesis creation narrative framework interpretation as an allegory Omphalos hypothesis Creation science Created kind Flood geology Creationist cosmologies Intelligent design Rejection o...

 

Saski Baskonia

TD Systems BaskoniaTD Systems Baskonia logoLigaLiga ACBEuroLeagueDibentuk26 Desember 1959; 63 tahun lalu (1959-12-26)Sejarah Daftar Club Deportivo Vasconia(1959–1976) Club Deportivo Basconia(1976–1987) Saski-Baskonia S.A.D.(1988–sekarang) ArenaFernando Buesa ArenaKapasitas15,504LetakVitoria-Gasteiz, SpanyolWarna timMerah, Biru, Putih     PresidenJosé Antonio QuerejetaPelatih kepalaDuško IvanovićPemilikJosé Antonio Querejeta (57.62%)Juara4 Kejuaraan Spanyol6 Piala...

 

السراي الكبير

33°53′45.29″N 35°30′2.96″E / 33.8959139°N 35.5008222°E / 33.8959139; 35.5008222 السراي الكبيرمعلومات عامةنوع المبنى seat of government (en) المنطقة الإدارية زقاق البلاط البلد  لبنان الاستعمال مقر رسمي معلومات أخرىالإحداثيات 33°53′45″N 35°30′03″E / 33.895926°N 35.500934°E / 33.895926; 35.500934 تعديل - تعدي...

Marlon Muraguti Yared

Brazilian volleyball player Marlon Muraguti YaredPersonal informationNationalityBrazilianBorn (1977-07-27) 27 July 1977 (age 46)Guaíra, Paraná, BrazilHeight1.88 m (6 ft 2 in)Weight82 kg (181 lb)Spike310 cm (122 in)Block289 cm (114 in)Volleyball informationPositionSetterCurrent clubUnimed Aero Club - NatalNumber4Career YearsTeams 1990–1993 1996–1999 1999–2003 2003–2004 2004–2006 2006–2007 2007–2008 2008–2009 2008–2009 2009...

 

Linguistic performance

Actual use of language in concrete situations This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Linguistic performance – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Part of a series onLinguistics OutlineHistoryIndex General linguistics Diachronic ...

 

Angie (TV series)

American TV series or program AngieGenreSitcomCreated by Garry Marshall Dale McRaven Developed by Alan Eisenstock Larry Mintz Starring Donna Pescow Robert Hays Doris Roberts Debralee Scott Diane Robin Tammy Lauren Sharon Spelman Tim Thomerson Theme music composer Norman Gimbel (Lyrics) Charles Fox Opening themeDifferent Worlds performed by Maureen McGovernCountry of originUnited StatesOriginal languageEnglishNo. of seasons2No. of episodes36ProductionExecutive producers Bob Ellison Dale M...

American Chess Congress

The American Chess Congress was a series of chess tournaments held in the United States, a predecessor to the current U.S. Chess Championship. It had nine editions, the first played in October 1857 and the last in August 1923. American Chess Congresses # Year City Winner 1 1857 New York  Paul Morphy (United States) 2 1871 Cleveland  George Henry Mackenzie (United States) 3 1874 Chicago  George Henry Mackenzie (United States) 4 1876 Philadelphia  James Mason&...

 

Basilica di San Giuseppe Artigiano

Basilica di San Giuseppe ArtigianoLa facciata di San Giuseppe vista da via Sassa.Stato Italia RegioneAbruzzo LocalitàL'Aquila IndirizzoVia Sassa - 67100 L'Aquila AQ Coordinate42°20′59.03″N 13°23′48.26″E / 42.34973°N 13.39674°E42.34973; 13.39674Coordinate: 42°20′59.03″N 13°23′48.26″E / 42.34973°N 13.39674°E42.34973; 13.39674 Religionecattolica di rito romano ArcidiocesiAquila Stile architettonicobarocco, neoclassico Inizio costruzio...

 

Christianity in the 8th century

Christianity-related events during the 8th century See also: Christianity in the 7th century and Christianity in the 9th century For broader coverage of this topic, see Christianity of the Middle Ages. Age of the Caliphs   Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632/A.H. 1-11   Expansion during the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661/A.H. 11-40   Expansion during the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750/A.H. 40-129 Christianity in the 8th century was much affected by the rise of Islam...

Augustus E. Willson

Augustus Willson Augustus Everett Willson (* 13. Oktober 1846 in Maysville, Kentucky; † 24. August 1931 in Louisville, Kentucky) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker und der 36. Gouverneur des Bundesstaates Kentucky. Frühe Jugend und politischer Aufstieg Augustus Willson erhielt seine schulische Ausbildung im Staat New York. Er besuchte die Alfred Academy und die Harvard University. Anschließend studierte er an der Harvard Law School Jura und wurde 1870 als Rechtsanwalt zugelassen. Danach ...

 

Relazioni bilaterali tra Italia e Spagna

Relazioni tra Italia e Spagna Mappa che indica l'ubicazione di Italia e Spagna      Italia     Spagna Pedro Sánchez a Palazzo Chigi con Giorgia Meloni, 5 aprile 2023 Le relazioni bilaterali tra Italia e Spagna fanno riferimento ai rapporti diplomatici fra la Repubblica Italiana e il Regno di Spagna, stabiliti in seguito all'unificazione italiana. L'Italia ha un'ambasciata a Madrid, un consolato generale a Barcellona, un vice co...

 

DWCK

Radio station in LaoagMagik FM LaoagLaoagBroadcast areaIlocos Norte and surrounding areasFrequency92.3 MHzBranding92.3 Magik FMProgrammingLanguage(s)Ilocano, FilipinoFormatContemporary MOR, OPMNetworkMagik FMOwnershipOwnerCentury Broadcasting NetworkTechnical informationLicensing authorityNTCPower5 kW 92.3 Magik FM (DWCK 92.3 MHz) is an FM station owned and operated by Century Broadcasting Network. Its studios and transmitter are located at A&S Bldg., P. Gomez St., Laoag.[1] ...

List of Indian condiments

Three Indian chutneys The following is a list of condiments used in Indian cuisine. Dried powders A garam masala Ajwain Asafetida Black salt Cardamom powder Red chili powder Coriander powder Curry leaves Garam masala Ginger, ginger powder Himalayan salt Jira (Indian cumin seeds) Raai Turmeric Chutneys See also: List of chutneys A garlic chutney in South India prepared using red chili pepper Chammanthi podi Coriander chutney Coconut chutney Garlic chutney (made from fresh garlic, coconut and g...

 

Southeast Television

Chinese television network This article is about the Chinese Television Channel. For the parent, see Fujian Radio Film and TV Group. This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: ...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!