Luis Alonso Barahona

Brigadier General Luis Alonso Barahona
Minister of War and the Navy
In office 3 March 1915 – 20 October 1915
President	Carlos Meléndez Alfonso Quiñónez Molina
Preceded by	Francisco Martínez Suárez
Succeeded by	Enrique Córdova
Governor of Cortés
In office 9 August 1900 – 1 July 1902
President	Terencio Sierra
Preceded by	Pilar M. Martínez
Succeeded by	Miguel Nuila
Deputy of the Greater Republic of Central America from El Salvador
In office 27 August 1898 – 29 November 1898
Personal details
Born	1867
Died	20 October 1915(1915-10-20) (aged 47–48) El Salvador
Nationality	Salvadoran
Occupation	Military officer, politician, diplomat
Military service
Rank	Brigadier General
Battles/wars	Revolution of the 44 War of 1907

Luis Alonso Barahona (1867 – 20 October 1915), sometimes spelt Baraona, was a Salvadoran military officer, politician, and diplomat who served as the minister of war and the navy in 1915. He also served as the governor of the Honduran department of Cortés from 1900 to 1902 and as a deputy to the legislature of the Greater Republic of Central America in 1898. Barahona stood as a presidential candidate in El Salvador in both 1907 and 1911, however, he lost both elections to Fernando Figueroa and Manuel Enrique Araujo, respectively.

Early life

Luis Alonso Barahona was born in 1867.^[1]

Career

On 17 May 1894, during the Revolution of the 44 which overthrew President Carlos Ezeta, Barahona commanded a group of soldiers and captured the city of Chalatenango.^[2] In 1897, Barahona served as the secretary of Crisanto Medina, the ambassador of the Greater Republic of Central America to the United Kingdom in London.^[3] Between 1897 and 1898, General Rafael Antonio Gutiérrez, the president of El Salvador whom the Revolution of the 44 brought to power, appointed Barahona as the general commander of the Santa Ana Department and as the sub-secretary of war. He was later employed as a professor at the University of El Salvador, and then later served as the legation secretary to France for the Greater Republic of Central America.^[4] Beginning on 27 August 1898, Barahona served as a deputy in the legislature of the Greater Republic^[5] and helped draft the country's constitution. He was named as the general commander of federal soldiers in Sensuntepeque.^[4]

Barahona was exiled from El Salvador in 1898 and relocated to San Pedro Sula, Honduras.^[6] On 9 August 1900, Honduran President Terencio Sierra appointed Barahona as the governor of the Cortés Department, replacing General Pilar M. Martínez. Barahona served as governor until 1 July 1902 when he was replaced by Colonel Miguel Nuila.^[7] Barahona also became the superintendent of the Honduran National Railroad. In 1907, Barahona returned to El Salvador^[6] and stood for election as a presidential candidate during the 1907 presidential election; he finished in second place behind Divisional General Fernando Figueroa and accumulated 222 votes, 0.15 percent of the total vote count.^[8] After losing the election, Barahona became part of a group of rebel commanders^[9] which led an army of at least 3,000 rebels from Honduras against Figueroa in a June 1907 rebellion. The rebellion, which only lasted one day, failed to overthrow Figueroa and subsequently withdrew back to Honduras.^[10] Barahona again ran for president during the 1911 presidential election but lost to Manuel Enrique Araujo; the number of votes received by Barahona is unknown.^[11]

On 3 March 1915, newly elected President Carlos Meléndez appointed Barahona to serve as minister of war and the navy, succeeding Francisco Martínez Suárez.^[12] Diario Oficial, the Salvadoran government's official newspaper, described Barahona as "one of [the government's] most important collaborators" ("unos de sus más importantes colaboradores").^[4]

Death

Luis Alonso Baraona Central Park in San Pedro Sula, Honduras

Barahona died on 20 October 1915 at 6:30 a.m. local time due to illness. Meléndez declared nine days of national mourning and appointed Enrique Córdova to succeeded Barahona as minister of war and the navy. Barahona's funeral was held in San Salvador on 22 October.^[4] Miguel Mármol, a Salvadoran activist who founded the Communist Party of El Salvador, claimed in his biography that Barahona was poisoned by the Salvadoran government.^[13]

The Luis Alonso Baraona Central Park in San Pedro Sula, Honduras is named after him. A statue of Barahona was erected in the park in 1936.^[6]

Electoral history

Year	Office	Type	Party		Main opponent	Party		Votes for Barahona				Result	Swing
								Total	%	P.	±%
1903	President of El Salvador	General		Military	Pedro José Escalón		Conservative	Unknown				Lost		Gain
1907	President of El Salvador	General		Military	Fernando Figueroa		Liberal	222	0.15	2nd	N/A	Lost		Gain
1911	President of El Salvador	General		Military	Manuel Enrique Araujo		Liberal	Unknown				Lost		Hold

References

1. Homenaje a la Memoria del Doctor y General Luis Alonso Barahona, en el Primer Aniversario de su Fallecimiento, 20 de Octubre de 1915, 20 de Octubre de 1916 [Homage to the Memory of Doctor and General Luis Alonso Barahona, on the First Anniversary of His Death, 20 October 1915, 20 October 1916] (in Spanish). Vol. 116. San Salvador, El Salvador: National Press of El Salvador. 20 October 1916.
2. Monografías Departamentales [Departmental Monographics] (in Spanish). Vol. IV. San Salvador, El Salvador: Diario Oficial. 1909. p. 6.
3. The Foreign Office List and Diplomatic and Consular Year Book. United Kingdom: Harrison. 1898. p. 337.
4. "Fallecamiento del Señor Ministro de Guerra y Marina Doctor y General Luis Alonso Baraona" [Death of the Minister of War and the Navy Doctor and General Luis Alonso Baraona] (PDF). Diario Oficial (in Spanish). Vol. 79, no. 244. 20 October 1915. pp. 2, 149–2, 150 & 2, 165–2, 166. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
5. Centro América [Central America] (in Spanish). Vol. 2. Guatemala: Oficina Internacional Centro-Americana. 1910. p. 305. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
6. Pérez, Wilmer (14 July 2007). "¿Barahona o Baraona?, ¿Cómo se Llama el Parque de San Pedro Sula?" [Barahona or Baraona?, What is the Park in San Pedro Sula Called?]. La Prensa (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 January 2024.
7. Bobadilla, Perfecto H. (1944). "Monografía del Departamento de Cortés" [Monographic of the Cortés Department] (in Spanish). Honduras: Talleres Tipográficos Nacionales. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
8. "Cuadro Demonstrativo de los Votos Emitidos para Presidente y Vice Presidente de la República en el Período de 1907 a 1911" [Demonstrative Table of the Votes Cast for President and Vice President of the Republic for the Period of 1907 to 1911] (PDF). Diario Oficial (in Spanish). Vol. 62, no. 48. 26 February 1907. p. 354. Retrieved 4 February 2023.
9. The Claim Instituted Before the Court of Justice of Central-American by the Government of Honduras Against the Government of the Republic of Guatemala with Regard to the Supposed Aid Afforded by the Latter to the Revolution which Broke Out in Honduras in the Month of July Last, and the Answers Made by the Government Complained of, Repelling the Unjust Asseverations of the Complaint. Guatemala: Typography and Book Bindery of Arturo Síguere. November 1908. p. 151. OCLC 948260590. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
10. Martin, Percy Falcke (1911). Salvador of the Twentieth Century. New York City and London: Longmans, Green & co. pp. 63–64 & 69. LCCN nuc87633949. OCLC 2186189.
11. Trabanino, J. Guillermo. "El Presidente Mártir" [The Martyr President]. El Diario de Hoy (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 15 July 2007. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
12. "Organización del Nuevo Gabinete" [Organization of the New Cabinet] (PDF). Diario Oficial (in Spanish). Vol. 78, no. 52. 3 March 1915. p. 365. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
13. Dalton, Roque (1982). "Miguel Mármol". Translated by Ross, Kathleen; Schaaf, Richard. Willimantic, Connecticut: Curbstone Press. p. 85. ISBN 9780915306671. OCLC 170955298. Retrieved 23 January 2024.

Further reading

• "Exministros de Defensa" [Former Ministers of Defense]. Armed Forces of El Salvador. Archived from the original on 3 June 2019. Retrieved 23 January 2024.

Political offices
Preceded by Pilar M. Martínez	Governor of Cortés 1900–1902	Succeeded by Miguel Nuila
Preceded by Francisco Martínez Suárez	Minister of War and the Navy 1915	Succeeded by Enrique Córdova