List of Muslim feminists

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This is a list of important participants in Muslim feminism, originally sorted by surname within each period.

It may include, for instance, earlier authors who did not self-identify as feminists but have been claimed to have furthered "feminist consciousness" by a resistance of male dominance expressed in their works.

Nawab Faizunnessa, feminist from the early 19's

Early and mid 19th-century feminists

Born between 1801 and 1874.

Name Country Born Died Comments Source
Nawab Faizunnesa British India (present day Bangladesh) 1834 1903 female education advocate [1]
Qasim Amin Egypt 1863 1908 early advocate of women's rights [2][3]
Hamida Javanshir Azerbaijan 1873 1955 women's rights activist, philanthropist [4]
Aisha Taymur Egypt 1840 1902 social activist, novelist [5]
Fatma Aliye Topuz Turkey 1862 1936 women's rights activist, novelist [6]
Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi Iraq 1863 1936 poet, Islamic philosopher
Zaynab Fawwaz Lebanon 1860 1914 playwright, women's rights activist [7]

Late 19th-century and early 20th-century feminists

Born between 1875 and 1939.

Name Country Born Died Comments Source
Iffat Ara Bangladesh 1939 – writer, social activist [8]
Margot Badran United States 1934 - Middle East historian and recognized scholar of Islamic feminism [9]
Eugénie Le Brun Egypt 1908 [10]
Hamid Dalwai India 1932 1977 Socialist feminist
Tahar Haddad Tunisia 1897 1935 [11]
Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah British India 1921 2000 pioneer in (pre)Pakistan [12]
Shamsiah Fakeh Malaysia 1924 2008 political leader, Malaysian nationalist [13]
Hameeda Hossain Bangladesh 1936 – human rights activist, academic [14]
Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim Sudan 1933 2017
Raden Adjeng Kartini Indonesia 1879 1904 Javanese advocate for native Indonesian women, critic of polygamous marriages and lack of education opportunities for women [2]
Sufia Kamal Bangladesh 1911 1999 advocate, nationalist, poet [15]
Anbara Salam Khalidi Lebanon 1897 1986 author [16][17]
Shamsunnahar Mahmud Bangladesh 1908 1964 leader of the women's rights movement in Bengal [18]
Malak Hifni Nasif Egypt 1886 1918 [19]
Nizar Qabbani Syria 1923 1998 poet, progressive intellectual [20]
Alifa Rifaat Egypt 1930 1996 novelist [21]
Begum Rokeya Bangladesh 1880 1932 writer, educator [22][23][24]
Huda Sha'arawi Egypt 1879 1947 organiser; founder of Egyptian Feminist Union [25]
Hidaya Sultan al-Salem Kuwait 1936 2001 writer, campaigner, suffragist [26][27]
Rasuna Said Indonesia 1910 1965 political leader, nationalist [28]
Saiza Nabarawi Egypt 1897 1985 journalist [29]
Salma Sobhan Bangladesh 1937 2003 lawyer, academic [30]
Nurkhon Yuldasheva Uzbekistan 1913 1929 dancer [31]
Ismat Chughtai India 1915 1991 novelist, director
Nazira Zain al-Dine Lebanon 1908 1976 writer, women's rights activist [32]

Mid to late 20th-century and notable 21st-century feminists

Born from 1940 to present

Name Country Born Died Comments Source
Saleemah Abdul-Ghafur United States 1974 – Global health advocate [33]
Sitara Achakzai Afghanistan 1956 2009 leading Afghan women's rights activist, member of the regional parliament in Kandahar [34]
Jamila Afghani Afghanistan 1974 – women's rights activist, created the first "gender-sensitive training in Afghanistan for Imams" [35][36]
Mahnaz Afkhami Iran 1941 – women's rights activist, Minister without portfolio for Women's Affairs, Founder and President of Women's Learning Partnership [37][38]
Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar United Kingdom 1944 – professor of politics and women's studies, member of the British House of Lords [39]
Nazir Afzal United Kingdom 1962 – Public prosecutor and campaigner focusing on violence against women and so-called honour crimes [40]
Leila Ahmed Egypt 1940 – Writer on Islam and feminism [41]
Safia Ahmed-jan Afghanistan 1941 2006 Afghan women's rights advocate [42]
Kecia Ali United States 1972 scholar on the study of Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh) and Women [43]
Mariam Alhassan Alolo Ghana 1957 – female Islamic missionary [44]
Amat Al Alim Alsoswa Yemen 1958 – journalist [45]
Fadela Amara France 1964 – politician [46]
Zainah Anwar Malaysia – head of Sisters in Islam [47]
Seyran Ateş Germany 1963 – lawyer [48][49]
Shukria Barakzai Afghanistan 1970 – politician, journalist [50]
Farzana Bari Pakistan 1952 – human rights activist [51][52]
Asma Barlas Pakistan 1950 – academics [53]
Benazir Bhutto Pakistan 1953 2007 Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1988 to 1990 and from 1993 to 1996 [54]
Zoubeïda Bittari Algerian 1939 – Author of O, My Muslim Sisters, Weep [55]
Susan Carland Australia 1978 – academic [56]
Kamala Chandrakirana Indonesia – human rights activist [57]
Shirin Ebadi Iran 1947 – ; activist, Nobel Peace Prize winner for her efforts for the rights of women and children [58]
Sineb El Masrar Germany 1981 – Moroccan-German author and magazine editor [59]
Mona Eltahawy Egypt 1967 – journalist [60]
Farid Esack South Africa 1959 – Muslim scholar, gender equity commissioner
Zahra Eshraghi Iran 1964 – activist, former government official [61][62]
Soumaya Naamane Guessous Morocco – sociologist, women's rights activist [63]
Fatemeh Haghighatjoo Iran 1968 – reformist politician, contributed proposing a bill to join Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women [64][65]
Mohammad Shafiq Hamdam Afghanistan 1981 – Chairman of the Afghan Anti-Corruption Network (AACN)
Suheir Hammad Jordan 1973 – poet, political activist
Riffat Hassan Pakistan 1943 – theologian, scholar of the Qur'an [66]
Hissa Hilal Saudi Arabia – poet [67]
Lubna al-Hussein Sudan – journalist, human rights activist [68]
Samira Ibrahim Egypt 1987 – activist [69]
Ramziya al-Iryani Yemen 1954 – novelist, diplomat [70][71]
Na'eem Jeenah South Africa 1965 – academic [72]
Mohja Kahf Syria 1967 –
Meena Keshwar Kamal Afghanistan 1956 1987 women's rights activist, founder of Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan [73][74][75][76]
Sultana Kamal Bangladesh 1950 – activist [77][78]
Sadiq Khan United Kingdom 1970 – Mayor of London since 2016 [79]
Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani Iran 20th century –
Fawzia Koofi Afghanistan 1975 or 1976 – politician, women' rights activist [80]
Elaheh Koulaei Iran 1956 –
Konca Kuriş Turkey 1961 1999 writer [81]
Asma Lamrabet Morocco [82]
Mukhtār Mā'ī Pakistan 1972 – advocate for women's rights [83]
Irshad Manji Canada 1968 – [84]
Farideh Mashini Iran 2012 women's rights activist [85]
Fatema Mernissi Morocco 1940 2015 [86]
Ziba Mir-Hosseini Iran 1952 – academic of Islamic law and gender [87][88]
Fakhrossadat Mohtashamipour Iran – reformist activist, head of women's affairs at the Ministry of Interior [89]
Ilham Moussaïd France 1989 – politician [90][91]
Shirin Neshat Iran 1957 – visual artist [92][93]
Asra Nomani India 1965 – [94]
Queen Noor of Jordan Jordan 1951 – queen consort of Jordan
Ayaz Latif Palijo Pakistan 1968 – politician
Zahra Rahnavard Iran 1945 – academic, politician [95]
Queen Rania of Jordan Jordan 1970 – queen consort of Jordan
Raheel Raza Pakistan 1949 – journalist, activist [96][97]
Nilofar Sakhi Afghanistan 20th century – human rights activist [98]
Zainab Salbi Iraq 1969 – humanitarian, CEO of Women for Women International [99][100]
Linda Sarsour United States 1980 – Islamist political activist [101]
Marjane Satrapi France, Iran 1969 – comic artist [102]
Shamima Shaikh South Africa 1960 1998 South African activist, member of the Muslim Youth Movement of South Africa, proponent of Islamic gender equality [103]
Shahla Sherkat Iran 1956 – journalist
Nasrin Sotoudeh Iran 1963 – human rights lawyer [104]
Hidayet Şefkatli Tuksal Turkey 1963 human rights activist [105]
Zil-e-Huma Usman Pakistan 1971 2007 politician, women's rights activist [106]
Amina Wadud United States 1952 [107]
Rama Yade France 1976 politician, writer [108]
Nadia Yassine Morocco 1958 [109]
Malala Yousafzai Pakistan 1997 – Pakistani activist for female education [110]
Bilkisu Yusuf Nigeria 1952 2015 journalist, NGO adviser [111]
Kadra Yusuf Norway 1980 activist [112]
Musdah Mulia Indonesia 1960 human rights activist, Islamic scholar, theologian, proponent of Islamic gender equality and LGBTIQ, interfaith activist, one of founders and leaders of ICRP - Indonesian Conference on Religion and Peace [citation needed]
Manal al-Sharif Saudi Arabia 1979 women's rights activist [113]
Samar Badawi Saudi Arabia 1981 women's rights activist [114]
Nassima al-Sadah Saudi Arabia 1974 women's rights activist [114]
Rita Puspa Zakaria Indonesia 1967 women's rights activist and health advocate [115]

Muslim feminist movements

See also

References

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